WGU C458 Health, Fitness and
\| \| \| \| \|
Wellness exam questions with \| \| \| \|
answers
Nutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔provides the body with the
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
nutrients it needs to perform its daily tasks
\| \| \| \| \| \| \|
Undernutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔implies that the \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
individual is not getting enough nutrients. This can occur even if
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
the person is consuming more than enough calories
\| \| \| \| \| \| \|
Malnutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔an imbalance of proper
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
nutrients
Anorexia nervosa - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔literally means loss of
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
appetite, but this is a misnomer: A person with this is hungry, but
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
denies the hunger because of an irrational fear of becoming fat.
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
Self-starvation, food preoccupation and rituals, compulsive \| \| \| \| \| \|
exercising, and often an absence of menstrual cycles in women.
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
Untreated, can be fatal. \| \| \|
Bulimia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔characterized by recurring
\| \| \| \| \| \| \|
periods of binge eating, during which large amounts of food are
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
consumed in a short period of time followed by purging (through
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
self-induced vomiting, abuse of laxatives and/or diuretics) or
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
periods of fasting
\| \|
,Binge eating disorder (BED) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔episodes of
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
binge eating characterized by eating rapidly, eating large
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
amounts of food even when not feeling hungry, and feeling guilty
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
or depressed after overeating.
\| \| \|
Obesity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔15 to 20 percent above normal
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
weight. Poor dietary patterns; include increased intake of sugars
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
in sweetened soft drinks, foods, and meals of high energy, low
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
nutrient density, and large portion sizes. At risk for serious health
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
problems such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart disease,
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
stroke, and some types of cancer.
\| \| \| \| \|
Minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔inorganic material. Form body
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
parts (teeth and bones), maintain acid-base neutrality, regulate
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
nerve impulses, osmotic pressure, and electrolyte balance
\| \| \| \| \| \|
Major minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔needed by the body:
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
• calcium—milk, cheese, sardines, salmon, green vegetables
\| \| \| \| \| \|
• phosphorus—milk, cheese, lean meat
\| \| \| \|
• potassium—oranges, bananas, dried fruits
\| \| \| \|
• sulfur—eggs, poultry, fish
\| \| \|
• sodium—table salt, beef, eggs, cheese
\| \| \| \| \|
• chloride—table salt, meat
\| \| \|
• magnesium—green vegetables, whole grains
\| \| \| \|
,Trace minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔required in lesser
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
amounts, and include iron, zinc, selenium, magnesium, copper,
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
iodine, fluorine, chromium, molybdenum, and manganese
\| \| \| \| \|
HDL cholesterol (high density lipoproteins) - CORRECT ANSWERS
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
✔✔protect the body against heart disease. Often called "good"\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
cholesterol.
LDL cholesterol (low density lipoproteins) - CORRECT ANSWERS
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
✔✔most cholesterol in the blood is of this type. Often referred to
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
as the bad cholesterol. high levels in the blood increases the risk
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
of fatty deposits forming in the arteries, which in turn increases
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
the risk of a heart attack
\| \| \| \| \|
Lipoproteins - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔large molecules of fat and \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
protein in the bloodstream; how cholesterol is transported
\| \| \| \| \| \| \|
Antioxidants - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔slow the aging process. \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
Reduce cellular damage by binding with free radicals produced
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
during oxidation reactions
\| \|
Oxidation reactions - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the energy-yielding
\| \| \| \| \| \| \|
reactions in which either an oxygen atom adds an electron to or a
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
hydrogen atom removes an electron from a substrate (a group of
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
atoms or molecule)—the net result is a substrate that has had a
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
partial or complete loss of a negatively charge particle, an
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
electron. Two partially charged atoms or groups of atoms, one
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
positively charged and the other negatively charged, now exist
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
, Free radical (Oxidant) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔any atom or group
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
of atoms that has an unpaired electron. Because electrons
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
typically function in pairs, these are very prone to binding to other
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
substrates in an effort to regain this paired status. When this
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
happens in the human body, there is potential for a great deal of
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
damage.
Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔produce 4 calories of \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
energy per gram. Found in foods as monosaccharides,
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Sources include fruits, \| \| \| \| \| \|
vegetables, pasta, and rice which consist of simple sugars and \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
starches
Protein - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔produce 4 calories of energy per
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
gram. Sources include meats and milk. Composed of 8
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
essential(provided by the diet) and 12 nonessential(synthesized \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
by the body) amino acids. Perform many functions including
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
building cells and tissues, forming blood and enzymes, and
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
fighting infection. \|
means primary, and no organism can live, and almost no biological
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
process can take place, without it
\| \| \| \| \| \|
Lipids - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔produce 9 calories of energy per
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
gram. Organic compounds that do not readily dissolve in water;
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
based on their solubility, they are classified into triglycerides
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
(more commonly known as fats), phospholipids, and sterols
\| \| \| \| \| \| \|
Incomplete protein - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔proteins that are \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
lacking one or more of the essential amino acids
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
\| \| \| \| \|
Wellness exam questions with \| \| \| \|
answers
Nutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔provides the body with the
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
nutrients it needs to perform its daily tasks
\| \| \| \| \| \| \|
Undernutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔implies that the \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
individual is not getting enough nutrients. This can occur even if
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
the person is consuming more than enough calories
\| \| \| \| \| \| \|
Malnutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔an imbalance of proper
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
nutrients
Anorexia nervosa - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔literally means loss of
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
appetite, but this is a misnomer: A person with this is hungry, but
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
denies the hunger because of an irrational fear of becoming fat.
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
Self-starvation, food preoccupation and rituals, compulsive \| \| \| \| \| \|
exercising, and often an absence of menstrual cycles in women.
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
Untreated, can be fatal. \| \| \|
Bulimia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔characterized by recurring
\| \| \| \| \| \| \|
periods of binge eating, during which large amounts of food are
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
consumed in a short period of time followed by purging (through
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
self-induced vomiting, abuse of laxatives and/or diuretics) or
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
periods of fasting
\| \|
,Binge eating disorder (BED) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔episodes of
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
binge eating characterized by eating rapidly, eating large
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
amounts of food even when not feeling hungry, and feeling guilty
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
or depressed after overeating.
\| \| \|
Obesity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔15 to 20 percent above normal
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
weight. Poor dietary patterns; include increased intake of sugars
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
in sweetened soft drinks, foods, and meals of high energy, low
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
nutrient density, and large portion sizes. At risk for serious health
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
problems such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart disease,
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
stroke, and some types of cancer.
\| \| \| \| \|
Minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔inorganic material. Form body
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
parts (teeth and bones), maintain acid-base neutrality, regulate
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
nerve impulses, osmotic pressure, and electrolyte balance
\| \| \| \| \| \|
Major minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔needed by the body:
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
• calcium—milk, cheese, sardines, salmon, green vegetables
\| \| \| \| \| \|
• phosphorus—milk, cheese, lean meat
\| \| \| \|
• potassium—oranges, bananas, dried fruits
\| \| \| \|
• sulfur—eggs, poultry, fish
\| \| \|
• sodium—table salt, beef, eggs, cheese
\| \| \| \| \|
• chloride—table salt, meat
\| \| \|
• magnesium—green vegetables, whole grains
\| \| \| \|
,Trace minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔required in lesser
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
amounts, and include iron, zinc, selenium, magnesium, copper,
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
iodine, fluorine, chromium, molybdenum, and manganese
\| \| \| \| \|
HDL cholesterol (high density lipoproteins) - CORRECT ANSWERS
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
✔✔protect the body against heart disease. Often called "good"\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
cholesterol.
LDL cholesterol (low density lipoproteins) - CORRECT ANSWERS
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
✔✔most cholesterol in the blood is of this type. Often referred to
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
as the bad cholesterol. high levels in the blood increases the risk
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
of fatty deposits forming in the arteries, which in turn increases
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
the risk of a heart attack
\| \| \| \| \|
Lipoproteins - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔large molecules of fat and \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
protein in the bloodstream; how cholesterol is transported
\| \| \| \| \| \| \|
Antioxidants - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔slow the aging process. \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
Reduce cellular damage by binding with free radicals produced
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
during oxidation reactions
\| \|
Oxidation reactions - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the energy-yielding
\| \| \| \| \| \| \|
reactions in which either an oxygen atom adds an electron to or a
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
hydrogen atom removes an electron from a substrate (a group of
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
atoms or molecule)—the net result is a substrate that has had a
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
partial or complete loss of a negatively charge particle, an
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
electron. Two partially charged atoms or groups of atoms, one
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
positively charged and the other negatively charged, now exist
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
, Free radical (Oxidant) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔any atom or group
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
of atoms that has an unpaired electron. Because electrons
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
typically function in pairs, these are very prone to binding to other
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
substrates in an effort to regain this paired status. When this
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
happens in the human body, there is potential for a great deal of
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
damage.
Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔produce 4 calories of \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
energy per gram. Found in foods as monosaccharides,
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Sources include fruits, \| \| \| \| \| \|
vegetables, pasta, and rice which consist of simple sugars and \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
starches
Protein - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔produce 4 calories of energy per
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
gram. Sources include meats and milk. Composed of 8
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
essential(provided by the diet) and 12 nonessential(synthesized \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
by the body) amino acids. Perform many functions including
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
building cells and tissues, forming blood and enzymes, and
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
fighting infection. \|
means primary, and no organism can live, and almost no biological
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
process can take place, without it
\| \| \| \| \| \|
Lipids - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔produce 9 calories of energy per
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
gram. Organic compounds that do not readily dissolve in water;
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
based on their solubility, they are classified into triglycerides
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
(more commonly known as fats), phospholipids, and sterols
\| \| \| \| \| \| \|
Incomplete protein - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔proteins that are \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
lacking one or more of the essential amino acids
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
