CWRU EMAE 260 FINAL EXAM
Name three attributes that you are designing for. - ANSWERS-Design for
manufacturing
Design for assembly
Design for the environment
Name the 7 principles of Universal Design - ANSWERS-Equitable in Use
(provide the same mean of use for all users)
Flexibility in Use (accommodate a wide range of individual preferences and
abilities)
Simple and Intuitive (design is easy to understand)
Perceptible Information (communicates necessary information)
Tolerance for Error (minimize hazards)
Low Physical Effort (can be used efficiently with minimum fatigue)
Size and Space for Approach and Use (appropriate size and space. )
6 Categories of Fish-bone (Cause & Effect) Diagram - ANSWERS-People
Method
Measurement
Machine
Environment
Material
Standards, Specifications, and Codes - ANSWERS-•Standard: set of technical
definitions and guidelines that function as instructions
,•Specification: an explicit set of requirements to be satisfied by a material,
design, product, or service
•Code: standard adopted by one or more governmental bodies and is
enforceable by law, or when it has been incorporated into a business contract
Ductile Brittle Transition Temperature (DBTT) - ANSWERS-Used to
understand when a failure may occur due to weather or temperature conditions.
To prevent critical failure.
Testing method: Impact testing.
Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic material - ANSWERS-Intrinsic: properties inherent to the
material that cannot be altered. Ex: density, thermal conductivity, modulus.
Extrinsic: properties inherent to the material that can be altered through
processing or heat treatment. Ex: yield strength, corrosion rate, hardness.
Fatigue Failure - ANSWERS-Condition:
+ many cycles
+ temperature fluctuation
+ high stress
+ strain hardening
Three stages: initiation, propagation, failure.
Stress strain curve - ANSWERS-Properties: modulus, yield strength, ultimate
tensile strength, fracture strength, toughness.
2 that are most commonly used in design are:
+ Yield strength, to know when product fails
, + Modulus, to calculate strain, elongation.
Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) - ANSWERS-Three conditions that produce
SCC:
+ Susceptible material
+ An environment that cause SCC
+ Sufficient tensile stress to produce SCC
Define manufacturing. Example of primary vs. secondary manufacturing -
ANSWERS-Manufacturing is the process of adding value to a material by
changing its shape or combining it with other material.
Primary industries cultivate and exploit natural resources: agriculture,
mining,....
Secondary industries convert the output of primary to consumer and capital
goods: fabrication, machining,....
Process operation vs. Assembly operation - ANSWERS-Process: changing
shape of a material. Milling, forging, ...
Assembly: combining 2 pre-shaped objects. fastening, welding, ....
Finished goods vs. Manufactured items - ANSWERS-Finished goods (or final
products) perform a function and are ready for service
Manufactured items (materials, components, and/or supplies) are used in the
production of finished goods
Definition of Hazard - ANSWERS-the potential for human, property, or
environmental damage; an unsafe condition that can reasonably be expected to
result in failure or injury
Name three attributes that you are designing for. - ANSWERS-Design for
manufacturing
Design for assembly
Design for the environment
Name the 7 principles of Universal Design - ANSWERS-Equitable in Use
(provide the same mean of use for all users)
Flexibility in Use (accommodate a wide range of individual preferences and
abilities)
Simple and Intuitive (design is easy to understand)
Perceptible Information (communicates necessary information)
Tolerance for Error (minimize hazards)
Low Physical Effort (can be used efficiently with minimum fatigue)
Size and Space for Approach and Use (appropriate size and space. )
6 Categories of Fish-bone (Cause & Effect) Diagram - ANSWERS-People
Method
Measurement
Machine
Environment
Material
Standards, Specifications, and Codes - ANSWERS-•Standard: set of technical
definitions and guidelines that function as instructions
,•Specification: an explicit set of requirements to be satisfied by a material,
design, product, or service
•Code: standard adopted by one or more governmental bodies and is
enforceable by law, or when it has been incorporated into a business contract
Ductile Brittle Transition Temperature (DBTT) - ANSWERS-Used to
understand when a failure may occur due to weather or temperature conditions.
To prevent critical failure.
Testing method: Impact testing.
Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic material - ANSWERS-Intrinsic: properties inherent to the
material that cannot be altered. Ex: density, thermal conductivity, modulus.
Extrinsic: properties inherent to the material that can be altered through
processing or heat treatment. Ex: yield strength, corrosion rate, hardness.
Fatigue Failure - ANSWERS-Condition:
+ many cycles
+ temperature fluctuation
+ high stress
+ strain hardening
Three stages: initiation, propagation, failure.
Stress strain curve - ANSWERS-Properties: modulus, yield strength, ultimate
tensile strength, fracture strength, toughness.
2 that are most commonly used in design are:
+ Yield strength, to know when product fails
, + Modulus, to calculate strain, elongation.
Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) - ANSWERS-Three conditions that produce
SCC:
+ Susceptible material
+ An environment that cause SCC
+ Sufficient tensile stress to produce SCC
Define manufacturing. Example of primary vs. secondary manufacturing -
ANSWERS-Manufacturing is the process of adding value to a material by
changing its shape or combining it with other material.
Primary industries cultivate and exploit natural resources: agriculture,
mining,....
Secondary industries convert the output of primary to consumer and capital
goods: fabrication, machining,....
Process operation vs. Assembly operation - ANSWERS-Process: changing
shape of a material. Milling, forging, ...
Assembly: combining 2 pre-shaped objects. fastening, welding, ....
Finished goods vs. Manufactured items - ANSWERS-Finished goods (or final
products) perform a function and are ready for service
Manufactured items (materials, components, and/or supplies) are used in the
production of finished goods
Definition of Hazard - ANSWERS-the potential for human, property, or
environmental damage; an unsafe condition that can reasonably be expected to
result in failure or injury
