Nutrition(All answered)
Objectives correct answersDiscuss components of a nutritional assessment .
Identify risk factors for poor nutritional status.
Identify barriers to adequate nutrition.
Develop nursing diagnosis that correctly identify nutritional problems that may be treated by
independent nursing interventions.
Describe nursing interventions to help clients achieve nutritional goals.
Identify appropriate foods for selected special diets.
Describe appropriate nursing care for clients who are NPO.
Importance of Nutrition correct answersEssential for normal growth & development
Tissue maintenance & repair
Cellular metabolism & organ function
Factors influencing nutrition correct answersPatients' values, beliefs, and attitudes about food
Environmental factors/ lifestyle
Developmental needs
Culture/religion
Disease or health conditions
Nutritional Assessment correct answersUse professional standards to assess & maintain
nutritional status such as the USDA MyPlate dietary guidelines & Healthy People 2020 nutrition
objectives.
Other professional standards include:
The American Heart Association (AHA)
The American Diabetes Association (ADA)
The American Cancer Society (ACS)
The American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN)
Assess factors that influence patients' nutrition by obtaining health history
Physical examination should include physical signs of nutritional status
Ask patients food preferences, values regarding nutrition, & their expectations
Assessment tools include:
24- Hour Recall
Food Diaries/ Calorie Counts
Food Frequency Record
Risk Factors for Poor Nutritional Status correct answersPresence of chronic illnesses
Age-related gastrointestinal changes
Social-cultural factors
Adverse effects of medications
Cognitive impairments
, environmental factors correct answers33% adults overweight
*34% adults obese
*6% extremely obese (BMI ≥ 40)
*17% 6-11 years old obese
*17.6% adolescents overweight
Barriers to Adequate Nutrition: Dysphagia correct answersCauses
Obstructive: Mass, cancer, trauma, stricture
Neurogenic: Stroke, Parkinson's, Neuromuscular diseases
Myogenic: aging, muscular dystrophy,
Warning signs?
Screening: Bedside swallowing assessment , Acute Stoke Dysphagia screen
Speech pathologist referral
Complications of Dysphagia ?
Aspiration pneumonia, dehydration, weight loss, and
decreased nutritional status.
Silent Aspiration correct answersOften dysphagia shows no overt signs such as coughing.
Silent aspiration occurs in patients with neurological
problems that have decreased sensation.
Counts for 40-70% of aspiration in stroke patients.
Nursing Diagnosis correct answersImbalanced nutrition less/more than body requirements
related to:
lack of appetite or interest in food
recent, significant weight loss/gain
Risk for imbalanced nutrition related to:
impaired swallowing
feeding self-care deficit
Nursing Interventions: Stimulating Appetite correct answersHelp patients understand factors that
can affect appetite
Provide a comfortable environment , free of odors; offer smaller more
frequent meals
Provide oral hygiene to remove unpleasant tastes
Nurse and/or RD can help select foods that reduce altered taste sensations
or nausea
Medications may need to be changed or consult with physician to stimulate
appetite with certain
Objectives correct answersDiscuss components of a nutritional assessment .
Identify risk factors for poor nutritional status.
Identify barriers to adequate nutrition.
Develop nursing diagnosis that correctly identify nutritional problems that may be treated by
independent nursing interventions.
Describe nursing interventions to help clients achieve nutritional goals.
Identify appropriate foods for selected special diets.
Describe appropriate nursing care for clients who are NPO.
Importance of Nutrition correct answersEssential for normal growth & development
Tissue maintenance & repair
Cellular metabolism & organ function
Factors influencing nutrition correct answersPatients' values, beliefs, and attitudes about food
Environmental factors/ lifestyle
Developmental needs
Culture/religion
Disease or health conditions
Nutritional Assessment correct answersUse professional standards to assess & maintain
nutritional status such as the USDA MyPlate dietary guidelines & Healthy People 2020 nutrition
objectives.
Other professional standards include:
The American Heart Association (AHA)
The American Diabetes Association (ADA)
The American Cancer Society (ACS)
The American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN)
Assess factors that influence patients' nutrition by obtaining health history
Physical examination should include physical signs of nutritional status
Ask patients food preferences, values regarding nutrition, & their expectations
Assessment tools include:
24- Hour Recall
Food Diaries/ Calorie Counts
Food Frequency Record
Risk Factors for Poor Nutritional Status correct answersPresence of chronic illnesses
Age-related gastrointestinal changes
Social-cultural factors
Adverse effects of medications
Cognitive impairments
, environmental factors correct answers33% adults overweight
*34% adults obese
*6% extremely obese (BMI ≥ 40)
*17% 6-11 years old obese
*17.6% adolescents overweight
Barriers to Adequate Nutrition: Dysphagia correct answersCauses
Obstructive: Mass, cancer, trauma, stricture
Neurogenic: Stroke, Parkinson's, Neuromuscular diseases
Myogenic: aging, muscular dystrophy,
Warning signs?
Screening: Bedside swallowing assessment , Acute Stoke Dysphagia screen
Speech pathologist referral
Complications of Dysphagia ?
Aspiration pneumonia, dehydration, weight loss, and
decreased nutritional status.
Silent Aspiration correct answersOften dysphagia shows no overt signs such as coughing.
Silent aspiration occurs in patients with neurological
problems that have decreased sensation.
Counts for 40-70% of aspiration in stroke patients.
Nursing Diagnosis correct answersImbalanced nutrition less/more than body requirements
related to:
lack of appetite or interest in food
recent, significant weight loss/gain
Risk for imbalanced nutrition related to:
impaired swallowing
feeding self-care deficit
Nursing Interventions: Stimulating Appetite correct answersHelp patients understand factors that
can affect appetite
Provide a comfortable environment , free of odors; offer smaller more
frequent meals
Provide oral hygiene to remove unpleasant tastes
Nurse and/or RD can help select foods that reduce altered taste sensations
or nausea
Medications may need to be changed or consult with physician to stimulate
appetite with certain
