2025 ATI BIO TEAS
Upper respiratory tract consists of -
nose
nasal cavity
mouth
pharynx
larynx
lower respiratory tract consists of -
trachea
lungs
bronchial tree
airway consists of -
nose
nasal cavity
mouth
pharynx
larynx
trachea
bronchi
bronchial network
what is the function of alveoli? -
allows for exchange of gas
the right lung has how many lobes? -
3
left lung has how many lobes? -
2
what is the function of pleural membrane? -
reduces friction when you breath
what are the respiratory muscles? -
diaphragm
intercostal muscles
what are the functions of respiratory system? -
- supply O2 through body
- get rid of CO2
- filters air
- speech
- smell (think chemoreceptors)
- helps maintain homeostasis
1
,Hyper or Hypoventilation: increases blood pH (acidosis) -
Hyperventilation
Hyper or Hypoventilation: decreases blood pH (alkalosis) -
Hypoventilation
Inhalation or Exhalation?
- diaphragm contracts, moves down, increasing chest cavity, pressure decreases
- outside air is under more pressure than air inside lungs -
inhalation
Inhalation of exhalation?
- diaphragm/intercostals relax, chest cavity decreases
- controlled by medulla oblongata -
exhalation
_________________________________ monitors the level of CO2 in blood, signals breathing rate
when levels are too high -
medulla oblongata
circulatory system consists of what 3 major parts? -
- blood
- blood vessels
- heart
___________, this system cleans up excess fluids and proteins, returning them to circulatory system
-
lymph vascular system
name the walls of blood vessels: -
tunica intima
tunica media
tunica adventitia
function of blood: -
- helps maintain internal environment by carrying raw materials
- removes waste
- helps stabilize pH
- hold 5qts of blood
blood is composed of: -
RBC
WBC
platelets
plasma
function of red blood cells: -
transports o2 to cells
2
, how long can RBC live up to? -
4 months
where does RBC form? -
in bone marrow
function of WBC: -
defend against infection
removes wastes
forms platelets for coagulation
name 5 types of WBC -
N.E.M.B.L
neutrophils
eosinophils
monocytes
basophils
lymphocytes
heart is made of what tissue? -
cardiac muscle tissue
this tissue is "self-exciting" -
cardiac muscle tissue
what separates the atrium from ventricle? -
atrioventricular valve
___________________ prevent backflow -
valves
the heart has how many chambers? -
4
what is the function of the sinoatrial node "cardiac pacemaker"? -
- generates electrical signals through purkinje fibers, stimulating contraction to fill R
ventricle with blood
- SA node transmits signal to right ventricle through AV valve (tricuspid)
- R ventricle contracts
- AV valve closes, pulmonary semilunar valve opens
- blood pumped out of arteries to lungs
- blood from lungs fills left atrium
- mitral valve (bicuspid) opens, blood fills ventricle
- mitral valve closes and aortic semilunar valve opens
- left ventricle contracts, blood is pumped out of aorta and to rest of body
circulation: blood to heart -
coronary
3
Upper respiratory tract consists of -
nose
nasal cavity
mouth
pharynx
larynx
lower respiratory tract consists of -
trachea
lungs
bronchial tree
airway consists of -
nose
nasal cavity
mouth
pharynx
larynx
trachea
bronchi
bronchial network
what is the function of alveoli? -
allows for exchange of gas
the right lung has how many lobes? -
3
left lung has how many lobes? -
2
what is the function of pleural membrane? -
reduces friction when you breath
what are the respiratory muscles? -
diaphragm
intercostal muscles
what are the functions of respiratory system? -
- supply O2 through body
- get rid of CO2
- filters air
- speech
- smell (think chemoreceptors)
- helps maintain homeostasis
1
,Hyper or Hypoventilation: increases blood pH (acidosis) -
Hyperventilation
Hyper or Hypoventilation: decreases blood pH (alkalosis) -
Hypoventilation
Inhalation or Exhalation?
- diaphragm contracts, moves down, increasing chest cavity, pressure decreases
- outside air is under more pressure than air inside lungs -
inhalation
Inhalation of exhalation?
- diaphragm/intercostals relax, chest cavity decreases
- controlled by medulla oblongata -
exhalation
_________________________________ monitors the level of CO2 in blood, signals breathing rate
when levels are too high -
medulla oblongata
circulatory system consists of what 3 major parts? -
- blood
- blood vessels
- heart
___________, this system cleans up excess fluids and proteins, returning them to circulatory system
-
lymph vascular system
name the walls of blood vessels: -
tunica intima
tunica media
tunica adventitia
function of blood: -
- helps maintain internal environment by carrying raw materials
- removes waste
- helps stabilize pH
- hold 5qts of blood
blood is composed of: -
RBC
WBC
platelets
plasma
function of red blood cells: -
transports o2 to cells
2
, how long can RBC live up to? -
4 months
where does RBC form? -
in bone marrow
function of WBC: -
defend against infection
removes wastes
forms platelets for coagulation
name 5 types of WBC -
N.E.M.B.L
neutrophils
eosinophils
monocytes
basophils
lymphocytes
heart is made of what tissue? -
cardiac muscle tissue
this tissue is "self-exciting" -
cardiac muscle tissue
what separates the atrium from ventricle? -
atrioventricular valve
___________________ prevent backflow -
valves
the heart has how many chambers? -
4
what is the function of the sinoatrial node "cardiac pacemaker"? -
- generates electrical signals through purkinje fibers, stimulating contraction to fill R
ventricle with blood
- SA node transmits signal to right ventricle through AV valve (tricuspid)
- R ventricle contracts
- AV valve closes, pulmonary semilunar valve opens
- blood pumped out of arteries to lungs
- blood from lungs fills left atrium
- mitral valve (bicuspid) opens, blood fills ventricle
- mitral valve closes and aortic semilunar valve opens
- left ventricle contracts, blood is pumped out of aorta and to rest of body
circulation: blood to heart -
coronary
3
