lOMoARcPSD|26582732
FUNDAMENTALS FINAL EXAM
PRACTICE QUESTIONS 2025
question 1
a nurse is caring for a client receiving iv therapy in the left forearm and notices that the site is
red, swollen, and warm. which of the following actions should the nurse perform first? a.
insert an iv catheter in the opposite extremity.
B. discontinue the existing iv infusion.
C. apply warm, moist compresses to the site.
D. elevate the extremity.
question 2
a nurse is emptying a client’s urinal when she notices the urine is dark amber, cloudy, and has
an unpleasant odor. the nurse should identify that these findings are likely to be the result of
which of the following? a. urinary tract infection
B. urinary incontinence
C. urinary frequency
D. urinary retention
question 3
a nurse is preparing to administer a bolus enteral feeding to a client who has a
gastrostomy tube. which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. measure
stomach contents.
B. flush the tube with water.
C. elevate the head of the bed.
D. return gastric content into the gastrostomy tube.
question 4
a nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (tpn) via an infusion
pump. when collecting data about the client receiving this therapy, which of the following
factors should the nurse monitor?
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A. iv insertion site
B. height of the iv pole
C. the client's oral intake
D. manifestations of hypoglycemia
question 5
a nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. for which of the following clinical
manifestations should the nurse monitor? (select all that apply.)
A. shallow respirations
B. cardiac dysrhythmias
C. flushing
D. hyperactive reflexes
E. abdominal pain
question 6
a nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching for a client who requires home oxygen therapy.
which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client
needs further teaching?
A. "i will be able to tell how much oxygen i’m getting by looking at the flowmeter."
B. "i should call my doctor if i find it harder to concentrate."
C. "i will make sure my visitors smoke outside."
D. "i will wear synthetic clothing and woolen socks when using my oxygen."
question 7
a client is receiving oxygen therapy via a nasal cannula. when the client asks the nurse why he
needs to have oxygen tubing in his nose, which of the following explanations about the
cannula should the nurse give him?
A. “it delivers a specific concentration of oxygen constantly.”
B. “it delivers the highest concentration of oxygen possible.”
C. “it delivers the low concentration of oxygen you need.”
D. “it allows you to remove it for a while when it gets uncomfortable.”
question 8
a client receives the wrong medication in error. the nurse who made the medication error
should do which of the following first? a. call the client’s provider.
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B. observe the client.
C. notify the nurse manager.
D. complete an incident report.
question 9
the family of a client who has died unexpectedly arrives immediately after the death. which
of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. ask the family to return after the staff cleans the body.
B. perform postmortem care so that the body is prepared for the funeral home.
C. have a clergy member present when the family first sees the client.
D. allow the family to view the body privately.
question 10
a nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. the client’s oxygen saturation is 85%. which
of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. increase the client’s oral fluid intake.
B. initiate humidification therapy.
C. encourage the client to cough and deep breathe.
D. raise the head of the bed.
question 11
a nurse is collecting data from a client who has respiratory insufficiency. which of the
following findings should the nurse identify as an early sign of inadequate oxygenation?
A. diaphoresis
B. retractions
C. cyanosis
D. restlessness
question 12
a nurse is caring for a client who has a clostridium difficile infection. which of the following
cleansing agents should the nurse use for hand hygiene?
A. chlorhexidine
B. povidine-iodine
C. soap and water
D. alcohol-based antiseptic
question 13
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FUNDAMENTALS FINAL EXAM
PRACTICE QUESTIONS 2025
question 1
a nurse is caring for a client receiving iv therapy in the left forearm and notices that the site is
red, swollen, and warm. which of the following actions should the nurse perform first? a.
insert an iv catheter in the opposite extremity.
B. discontinue the existing iv infusion.
C. apply warm, moist compresses to the site.
D. elevate the extremity.
question 2
a nurse is emptying a client’s urinal when she notices the urine is dark amber, cloudy, and has
an unpleasant odor. the nurse should identify that these findings are likely to be the result of
which of the following? a. urinary tract infection
B. urinary incontinence
C. urinary frequency
D. urinary retention
question 3
a nurse is preparing to administer a bolus enteral feeding to a client who has a
gastrostomy tube. which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. measure
stomach contents.
B. flush the tube with water.
C. elevate the head of the bed.
D. return gastric content into the gastrostomy tube.
question 4
a nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (tpn) via an infusion
pump. when collecting data about the client receiving this therapy, which of the following
factors should the nurse monitor?
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, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
A. iv insertion site
B. height of the iv pole
C. the client's oral intake
D. manifestations of hypoglycemia
question 5
a nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. for which of the following clinical
manifestations should the nurse monitor? (select all that apply.)
A. shallow respirations
B. cardiac dysrhythmias
C. flushing
D. hyperactive reflexes
E. abdominal pain
question 6
a nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching for a client who requires home oxygen therapy.
which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client
needs further teaching?
A. "i will be able to tell how much oxygen i’m getting by looking at the flowmeter."
B. "i should call my doctor if i find it harder to concentrate."
C. "i will make sure my visitors smoke outside."
D. "i will wear synthetic clothing and woolen socks when using my oxygen."
question 7
a client is receiving oxygen therapy via a nasal cannula. when the client asks the nurse why he
needs to have oxygen tubing in his nose, which of the following explanations about the
cannula should the nurse give him?
A. “it delivers a specific concentration of oxygen constantly.”
B. “it delivers the highest concentration of oxygen possible.”
C. “it delivers the low concentration of oxygen you need.”
D. “it allows you to remove it for a while when it gets uncomfortable.”
question 8
a client receives the wrong medication in error. the nurse who made the medication error
should do which of the following first? a. call the client’s provider.
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, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
B. observe the client.
C. notify the nurse manager.
D. complete an incident report.
question 9
the family of a client who has died unexpectedly arrives immediately after the death. which
of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. ask the family to return after the staff cleans the body.
B. perform postmortem care so that the body is prepared for the funeral home.
C. have a clergy member present when the family first sees the client.
D. allow the family to view the body privately.
question 10
a nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. the client’s oxygen saturation is 85%. which
of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. increase the client’s oral fluid intake.
B. initiate humidification therapy.
C. encourage the client to cough and deep breathe.
D. raise the head of the bed.
question 11
a nurse is collecting data from a client who has respiratory insufficiency. which of the
following findings should the nurse identify as an early sign of inadequate oxygenation?
A. diaphoresis
B. retractions
C. cyanosis
D. restlessness
question 12
a nurse is caring for a client who has a clostridium difficile infection. which of the following
cleansing agents should the nurse use for hand hygiene?
A. chlorhexidine
B. povidine-iodine
C. soap and water
D. alcohol-based antiseptic
question 13
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