CNSL 503 Module 3: Sampling, Probability,
and Hypothesis Testing Questions and
Answers
What..is..the..difference..between..a..statistic..and..a..parameter?..-..Correct..Answer-
A..statistic..is..a..descriptive..statistical..result..that..is..generated..from..a..sample,..wh
ereas..a..parameter..is..a..statistical..result..from..a..population.
A..___..sample..is..composed..of..members..that..generally..possess..the..same..charac
teristics..as..those..of..the..population...They..allow..for..accurate..inferences..to..be..
made...-..Correct..Answer-representative..sample
A..___..sample..is..not..representative..of..the..population...It..is..attributed..to..the..re
searcher..and..data..collection..methods,..and..do..not..allow..for..accurate..inference
s..to..be..made...-..Correct..Answer-biased
This..method..of..sampling..is..when..every..member..of..the..population..has..an..equ
al..chance..of..being..selected,..this..increases..the..reliability..of..results...Each..memb
er..is..independent..of..the..others:..selecting..one..member..does..not..increase..or..d
ecrease..the..likelihood..of..another..member..being..selected...-..Correct..Answer-
Random..sampling
This..method..of..sampling..is..when..each..individual..in..the..population..of..size..has..
an..equal..chance..of..being..selected..for..the..sample,..and..relies..on..chance..to..crea
te..a..representative..sample...This..is..NOT..feasible..for..large..populations...-
..Correct..Answer-Simple..random..sampling
, This..method..of..sampling..is..a..type..of..random..sampling..when..populations..can..
be..subdivided..into..groups..called..strata...It..randomly..gathers..data..from..subgrou
ps..within..a..sample...It..is..used..when..researchers..wants..to..compare..outcomes..f
or..different..subgroups..within..a..population..or..to..compare..outcomes..within..su
bgroups..-..Correct..Answer-Stratified..sampling
Two..types..of..stratified..sampling:..-..Correct..Answer-1...Proportional
2...Non-proportional
Proportional..stratified..sampling..produces..a..sample..that..includes..-
..Correct..Answer-similar..proportions..to..the..population
Non-
proportional..stratified..sampling..gathers..equal..sample..sizes..from..each..group..re
gardless..-..Correct..Answer-of..proportional..stability
This..method..of..sampling..divides..a..population..into..subgroups..known..as..cluster
s..and..then..randomly..selects..several..for..the..study...It..is..used..when..participants.
.are..geographically..spread..out..as..it..is..more..efficient..and..cost..effective..-
..Correct..Answer-Cluster..sampling
This..method..of..sampling..involves..establishing..a..rule..for..how..sample..members.
.will..be..selected..(every..10th..person,..etc)..-..Correct..Answer-Systematic..sampling
This..method..of..sampling..does..not..result..in..a..representative..sample..as..it..invol
ves..selecting..individuals..based..on..them..happening..to..be..in..a..certain..place,..thi
s..can..result..in..sampling..bias..-..Correct..Answer-convenience..sampling
and Hypothesis Testing Questions and
Answers
What..is..the..difference..between..a..statistic..and..a..parameter?..-..Correct..Answer-
A..statistic..is..a..descriptive..statistical..result..that..is..generated..from..a..sample,..wh
ereas..a..parameter..is..a..statistical..result..from..a..population.
A..___..sample..is..composed..of..members..that..generally..possess..the..same..charac
teristics..as..those..of..the..population...They..allow..for..accurate..inferences..to..be..
made...-..Correct..Answer-representative..sample
A..___..sample..is..not..representative..of..the..population...It..is..attributed..to..the..re
searcher..and..data..collection..methods,..and..do..not..allow..for..accurate..inference
s..to..be..made...-..Correct..Answer-biased
This..method..of..sampling..is..when..every..member..of..the..population..has..an..equ
al..chance..of..being..selected,..this..increases..the..reliability..of..results...Each..memb
er..is..independent..of..the..others:..selecting..one..member..does..not..increase..or..d
ecrease..the..likelihood..of..another..member..being..selected...-..Correct..Answer-
Random..sampling
This..method..of..sampling..is..when..each..individual..in..the..population..of..size..has..
an..equal..chance..of..being..selected..for..the..sample,..and..relies..on..chance..to..crea
te..a..representative..sample...This..is..NOT..feasible..for..large..populations...-
..Correct..Answer-Simple..random..sampling
, This..method..of..sampling..is..a..type..of..random..sampling..when..populations..can..
be..subdivided..into..groups..called..strata...It..randomly..gathers..data..from..subgrou
ps..within..a..sample...It..is..used..when..researchers..wants..to..compare..outcomes..f
or..different..subgroups..within..a..population..or..to..compare..outcomes..within..su
bgroups..-..Correct..Answer-Stratified..sampling
Two..types..of..stratified..sampling:..-..Correct..Answer-1...Proportional
2...Non-proportional
Proportional..stratified..sampling..produces..a..sample..that..includes..-
..Correct..Answer-similar..proportions..to..the..population
Non-
proportional..stratified..sampling..gathers..equal..sample..sizes..from..each..group..re
gardless..-..Correct..Answer-of..proportional..stability
This..method..of..sampling..divides..a..population..into..subgroups..known..as..cluster
s..and..then..randomly..selects..several..for..the..study...It..is..used..when..participants.
.are..geographically..spread..out..as..it..is..more..efficient..and..cost..effective..-
..Correct..Answer-Cluster..sampling
This..method..of..sampling..involves..establishing..a..rule..for..how..sample..members.
.will..be..selected..(every..10th..person,..etc)..-..Correct..Answer-Systematic..sampling
This..method..of..sampling..does..not..result..in..a..representative..sample..as..it..invol
ves..selecting..individuals..based..on..them..happening..to..be..in..a..certain..place,..thi
s..can..result..in..sampling..bias..-..Correct..Answer-convenience..sampling
