Complete Test Bank for Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology: Essentials for Clinical Practice 1st Edition by Nancy Tkacs ISBN:9780826177070| Complete Guide A+

Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for C
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linical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs Test Bank -
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Questions with Answer Key At the end of Every Chapter,
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All Updated
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,Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICA
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L PRACTICE
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1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include:
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A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.


2.
The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated b
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y momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes loca
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lized:
A) bleeding.

B) congestion.

C) pale skin.
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D) coolness.


3.
The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement
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wof leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early
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in great numbers?
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A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes

C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets

4.
The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the
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winitial step in the process?
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A) Engulfment

,B) Intracellular killing 2w




C) Antigen margination 2w




D) Recognition and adherence 2w 2w




5.
Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased ca
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pillary permeability and pain?
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A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide 2w




6.
Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which
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of the following exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells?
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A) Serous
B) Fibrinous

C) Suppurative
D) Membranous


7. The acute-
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phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onset of inf
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lammation and includes: 2w 2w




A) fever and lethargy.
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B) decreased C-reactive protein.
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C) positive nitrogen balance.
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D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
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8.
In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characteriz
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ed by which of the following phenomena?
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A) Profuse fibrinous exudation
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, B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
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C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis 2w 2w 2w




D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages 2w 2w 2w




9. Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin- 2w 2w


1) and the presence of bacteria in the blood lead to the release of endog
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enous pyrogens that:
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A) stabilize thermal control in the brain.
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B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia.
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C) block viral replication in cells.
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D) inhibit prostaglandin release.
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10
An older adult patient has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attemp
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ted
.
to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflam
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mation in the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following e
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vents will occur during the vascular stage of the patients inflammation?
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A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces
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B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium 2w 2w 2w 2w 2w




D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris 2w 2w 2w




11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
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. experiencing chronic inflammation? 2w 2w




A) A patient who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
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B) A patient who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
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C) A patient who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection
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D) A patient who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
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12 Which of the following core body temperatures is within normal range?
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.