Ricci Chapter 3 - Test Bank - 4th Edition Exam Questions And Answers

1. When describing the menstrual cycle to a group of young women, the nurse explains that estrogen levels are highest during which phase of the endometrial cycle? A. menstrual B. proliferative C. secretory D. ischemic - ANS Answer: B Rationale: Estrogen levels are the highest during the proliferative phase of the endometrial cycle, when the endometrial glands enlarge in response to increasing amounts of estrogen. Progesterone is the predominant hormone of the secretory phase. Levels of estrogen and progesterone drop sharply during the ischemic phase and fall during the menstrual phase. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Anatomy and Physiology of the Reproductive System Cognitive Level: Understand Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Reference: p. 104 2. After teaching a group of adolescent girls about female reproductive development, the nurse determines that teaching was successful when the girls state that menarche is defined as a woman's first: A. sexual experience. B. full hormonal cycle. C. menstrual period. D. sign of breast development. - ANS Answer: C Rationale: Menarche is defined as the establishment of menstruation. It does not refer to the woman's first sexual experience, full hormonal cycle, or sign of breast development. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Anatomy and Physiology of the Reproductive System Cognitive Level: Analyze Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Reference: p. 104 3. A client with a 28-day cycle reports that she ovulated on May 10. When would the nurse expect the client's next menses to begin? A. May 24 B. May 26 C. May 30 D. June 1 - ANS Answer: A Rationale: For a woman with a 28-day cycle, ovulation typically occurs on day 14. Therefore, her next menses would begin 14 days later, on May 24. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Anatomy and Physiology of the Reproductive System Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Reference: p. 102 4. The nurse is assessing a 13-year-old girl. Which event would the nurse expect to have occurred first? A. evidence of pubic hair B. development of breast buds C. onset of menses D. growth spurt - ANS Answer: B Rationale: Pubertal events preceding the first menses have an orderly progression beginning with the development of breast buds, followed by the appearance of pubic hair, then axillary hair, then a growth spurt. Menses typically occurs about 2 years after the start of breast development. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter 3: Anatomy and Physiology of the Reproductive System Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Reference: p. 104 5. The nurse is preparing an outline for a class on the physiology of the male sexual response. Which event would the nurse identify as occurring first? A. sperm emission B. penile vasodilation C. psychological release D. ejaculation - ANS Answer: B Rationale: With sexual stimulation, the arteries leading to the penis dilate and increase blood flow into erectile tissue. Blood accumulates, causing the penis to swell and elongate. Sperm emission (movement of sperm from the testes and fluid from the accessory glands) occurs with orgasm. Orgasm results in a pleasurable feeling of physiologic and psychological release. Ejaculation results in the discharge of semen from the urethra. 6. A woman comes to the clinic reporting that she has little sexual desire. As part of the client's evaluation, the nurse would anticipate the need to evaluate which hormone level? A. progesterone B. estrogen C. gonadotropin-releasing hormone D. testosterone - ANS Answer: D Rationale: Testosterone is thought to be the hormone of sexual desire in women. Thus, an evaluation of this level would be done. Progesterone is often called the hormone of pregnancy because of its calming effect (reduction in uterine contractions) on the uterus, allowing pregnancy to be maintained. Estrogen is the predominant hormone at the end of the follicular phase. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone induces the release of FSH and LH to assist with ovulation. 7. A school nurse who is teaching a health course at the local high school is presenting information on human development and sexuality. When talking about the role of hormones in sexual development, which hormone does the nurse teach the class is the most important for developing and maintaining the female reproductive organs? A. estrogen B. progesterone C. androgens D. follicle-stimulating hormone - ANS Answer: A Rationale: Estrogens are responsible for developing and maintaining the female reproductive organs. Progesterone is the most important hormone for conditioning the endometrium in preparation for implantation of the fertilized ovum. Androgens, secreted by the ovaries in small amounts, are involved in the early development of the follicle and affect the female libido. Follicle-stimulating hormone is responsible for stimulating the ovaries to secrete estrogen. 8. After explaining the function of the seminal vesicles to a class, the instructor determines the need for additional teaching when the students identify which action as a function of the seminal vesicles? A. nourishes the sperm B. reduces sperm motility C. aids sperm to reach the ovum D. prevents sperm destruction by female antibodies - ANS Answer: B Rationale: The seminal vesicles are a pair of glands that produce fluid with various substances that function to (1) nourish sperm, (2) enhance sperm motility by enzymatically liquefying ejaculated semen (3) stimulate contraction of the uterus to help the sperm reach the ovum, and (4) resist sperm destruction by female antibodies. 9. The nurse is reviewing the process of oocyte maturation and ovulation with a client. What occurs during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle that the nurse should include in the teaching session? A. Under the influence of follicle-stimulating hormone, several follicles begin to ripen, and the ovum with each begins to mature. B. The empty ruptured graafian follicle becomes the corpus luteum, and it begins to secrete progesterone and estrogen. C. About day 14, a surge of hormones cause the ovum to burst through the ovary. D. The uterus prepares for implantation of an ovum. - ANS Answer: A Rationale: The follicular phase lasts from about day 4 to about day 14. During this time, under the influence of follicle-stimulating hormone, several follicles begin to ripen and the ovum within each begins to mature. About day 14, a surge of hormones causes the ovum to burst through the ovary; this act is called ovulation. During the luteal phase, the empty, ruptured graafian follicle becomes the corpus luteum, and it begins to secrete progesterone and estrogen. The endometrium of the uterus has a similar cycle. It is called the uterine cycle or endometrial cycle. This process prepares the uterus for implantation of an ovum (egg). 10. The nurse is reviewing the process of egg maturation and ovulation with a client. What occurs during ovulation in the ovarian cycle that the nurse should include in the teaching session with the client? A. Under the influence of follicle-stimulating hormone, several follicles begin to ripen, and the ovum with each begins to mature. B. The empty ruptured cavity in the ovary becomes the corpus luteum and begins to secrete progesterone and estrogen. C. About day 14, a surge of hormones cause the ovum to burst through the ovary. D. The uterus is prepared for implantation of an ovum. - ANS Answer: C Rationale: The follicular phase lasts from about day 4 to about day 14. During this time, under the influence of FSH, several follicles begin to ripen, and the ovum within each begins to mature. About day 14, a surge of hormones causes the ovum to burst through the ovary. This act is called ovulation. During the luteal phase, the empty, ruptured graafian follicle becomes the corpus luteum and begins to secrete progesterone and estrogen. The endometrium of the uterus has a similar cycle. It is called the uterine cycle or endometrial cycle. This process prepares the uterus for implantation of an ovum (egg).