NU 545 CH 7 2025/2026 TEST BANK
WITH 130 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS RATED A+
Cathelicidins - ANSWER-Family of antimicrobial peptides that in humans has one
member.
Defensins - ANSWER-antimicrobial peptides that inhibit microbial growth
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) - ANSWER-soluble acute-phase protein in the blood
that binds to mannose residues on pathogen surfaces and, when bound, activates
the complement system by the lectin pathway
Resistin-like molecule beta - ANSWER-Found in intestinal goblet cells, where it
appears to protect against helminth infections.
Bactericidal/permeability-inducing protein (BPI) - ANSWER-Stored in neutrophils
and intestinal epithelium. Reacts with lipopolysaccharide on the surface of gram-
negative bacteria, resulting in bacterial lysis.
Antimicrobial lectins - ANSWER-Lectin (carbohydrate binding protein) family with
activity against Gram+ bacteria; C-type lectins
,inflammatory response - ANSWER-nonspecific defense reaction to tissue damage
caused by injury or infection
acute inflammatory response - ANSWER-series of cellular changes that bring
blood to the site of an injury or infection.
1)vasodilation
2)increased vascular permeability
3)diapedesis
Diapedesis - ANSWER-Passage of white blood cells through intact vessel walls into
tissue
3 plasma protein systems - ANSWER-complement, clotting, kinin
proenzyme - ANSWER-an inactive precursor of an enzyme
complement system - ANSWER-A group of about 30 blood proteins that may
amplify the inflammatory response, enhance phagocytosis, or directly lyse
extracellular pathogens.
3 pathways of complement system - ANSWER-classical, alternative, lectin
, classical pathway - ANSWER-activated by antibodies bound to antigen, which
interact with complement system. Begins with activation of complement protein
C1
lectin pathway - ANSWER-mannose-binding lectin binds to pathogen surface. It is
antibody independent.
Anaphylaxotoxins - ANSWER-they induce rapid mast cell de granulation and
release of histamine, causing vasodilation and increased capillary permeability.
Occur early in inflammation, close to the inflammatory site.
complement cascade - ANSWER-a precise sequence of events, usually triggered
by antigen-antibody complexes, in which each component of the complement
system is activated in turn
antigen-antibody complex - ANSWER-the complex formed when an antibody
binds to an antigen.
alternative pathway - ANSWER-activated by gram negative bacteria and fungal
cell wall polysaccharides
C3 convertase - ANSWER-the enzyme complex that catalyzes a crucial step in
complement activation—the deposition of large numbers of C3 molecules on a
cell's surface, which tags the cell for removal by phagocytes or starts the assembly
of the membrane attach complex.
WITH 130 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS RATED A+
Cathelicidins - ANSWER-Family of antimicrobial peptides that in humans has one
member.
Defensins - ANSWER-antimicrobial peptides that inhibit microbial growth
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) - ANSWER-soluble acute-phase protein in the blood
that binds to mannose residues on pathogen surfaces and, when bound, activates
the complement system by the lectin pathway
Resistin-like molecule beta - ANSWER-Found in intestinal goblet cells, where it
appears to protect against helminth infections.
Bactericidal/permeability-inducing protein (BPI) - ANSWER-Stored in neutrophils
and intestinal epithelium. Reacts with lipopolysaccharide on the surface of gram-
negative bacteria, resulting in bacterial lysis.
Antimicrobial lectins - ANSWER-Lectin (carbohydrate binding protein) family with
activity against Gram+ bacteria; C-type lectins
,inflammatory response - ANSWER-nonspecific defense reaction to tissue damage
caused by injury or infection
acute inflammatory response - ANSWER-series of cellular changes that bring
blood to the site of an injury or infection.
1)vasodilation
2)increased vascular permeability
3)diapedesis
Diapedesis - ANSWER-Passage of white blood cells through intact vessel walls into
tissue
3 plasma protein systems - ANSWER-complement, clotting, kinin
proenzyme - ANSWER-an inactive precursor of an enzyme
complement system - ANSWER-A group of about 30 blood proteins that may
amplify the inflammatory response, enhance phagocytosis, or directly lyse
extracellular pathogens.
3 pathways of complement system - ANSWER-classical, alternative, lectin
, classical pathway - ANSWER-activated by antibodies bound to antigen, which
interact with complement system. Begins with activation of complement protein
C1
lectin pathway - ANSWER-mannose-binding lectin binds to pathogen surface. It is
antibody independent.
Anaphylaxotoxins - ANSWER-they induce rapid mast cell de granulation and
release of histamine, causing vasodilation and increased capillary permeability.
Occur early in inflammation, close to the inflammatory site.
complement cascade - ANSWER-a precise sequence of events, usually triggered
by antigen-antibody complexes, in which each component of the complement
system is activated in turn
antigen-antibody complex - ANSWER-the complex formed when an antibody
binds to an antigen.
alternative pathway - ANSWER-activated by gram negative bacteria and fungal
cell wall polysaccharides
C3 convertase - ANSWER-the enzyme complex that catalyzes a crucial step in
complement activation—the deposition of large numbers of C3 molecules on a
cell's surface, which tags the cell for removal by phagocytes or starts the assembly
of the membrane attach complex.
