Nutrition Final Exam
Why might a person eat when they are not physically hungry?
They are experiencing weight loss
They are in the presence of unpalatable food
They are over-exercising
They are experiencing stress *** They are experiencing stress
Which of these signals the brain to stop eating?
Routine or time of day
Production of the hormone ghrelin
Activation of stretch receptors
Movement of the esophagus *** Activation of stretch receptors
What is the primary function of the stomach?
Digest carbohydrates
Hold food
Create lipase
Move food via peristalsis *** Hold food
___ is a measurement of the amount of energy in food.
Carbohydrate
Glycemic index
Lipid profile
Calorie *** Calorie
,What is considered a source of calories coming into the body?
Thermic effect of food
Physical activity
Basal metabolic rate
Digestible energy *** Digestible energy
A friend of yours is trying to lose his "freshman 15." In order for that to occur, he must achieve what
state?
Energy balance
Positive energy balance
Negative energy balance *** Negative energy balance
Which GI tract organ functions primarily to move food in one direction via peristalsis? *** Esophagus
If a person is in positive energy balance, how does their calorie intake compare to calorie expenditure?
*** Calorie intake is greater than calorie expenditure.
Which of the following most correctly describes how food moves through the gastrointestinal tract? ***
Stomach to duodenum to jejunum to ileum
Hyperglycemia over long periods of time (like with uncontrolled diabetes) causes damage to what type
of tissue?
Muscle
Fat
Bone
Blood vessels *** Blood vessels
,What causes lactose intolerance?
Excess intake of milk/dairy products
Low production of hormones
Inadequate production of lactase
Autoimmune destruction of small intestine cells *** Inadequate production of lactase
Carbohydrates are stored in the human body as:
Monosaccharides
Phospholipids
Glycogen
Insulin *** Glycogen
How does insulin change blood glucose levels?
a) Insulin helps to raise blood glucose when we are fasting.
b) Insulin triggers the cell to open glucose transporters in the membrane.
c) Insulin signals the small intestine to reduce production of digestive enzymes.
d) Insulin binds to glucose and allows it to be broken down (oxidized) for energy. *** b
What is the signal for the pancreas to produce insulin?
Increasing blood glucose levels
, Increased production of pancreatic amylase
The hormone ghrelin, produced during eating
Movement of food into the colon *** Increasing blood glucose levels
Which of these foods has a high amount of carbohydrate?
Olive oil
Grapes
Ground pork
Eggs *** Grapes
Overconsumption of carbohydrate causes what effect?
Hyperglycemia (excess glucose in the bloodstream)
Increased risk of type 2 diabetes
Storage of excess energy as fat
Glycogen breakdown *** Storage of excess energy as fat
Which of these is a macronutrient?
Ethanol
Electrolytes
Phytochemicals
Water-soluble vitamins *** Ethanol
Why might a person eat when they are not physically hungry?
They are experiencing weight loss
They are in the presence of unpalatable food
They are over-exercising
They are experiencing stress *** They are experiencing stress
Which of these signals the brain to stop eating?
Routine or time of day
Production of the hormone ghrelin
Activation of stretch receptors
Movement of the esophagus *** Activation of stretch receptors
What is the primary function of the stomach?
Digest carbohydrates
Hold food
Create lipase
Move food via peristalsis *** Hold food
___ is a measurement of the amount of energy in food.
Carbohydrate
Glycemic index
Lipid profile
Calorie *** Calorie
,What is considered a source of calories coming into the body?
Thermic effect of food
Physical activity
Basal metabolic rate
Digestible energy *** Digestible energy
A friend of yours is trying to lose his "freshman 15." In order for that to occur, he must achieve what
state?
Energy balance
Positive energy balance
Negative energy balance *** Negative energy balance
Which GI tract organ functions primarily to move food in one direction via peristalsis? *** Esophagus
If a person is in positive energy balance, how does their calorie intake compare to calorie expenditure?
*** Calorie intake is greater than calorie expenditure.
Which of the following most correctly describes how food moves through the gastrointestinal tract? ***
Stomach to duodenum to jejunum to ileum
Hyperglycemia over long periods of time (like with uncontrolled diabetes) causes damage to what type
of tissue?
Muscle
Fat
Bone
Blood vessels *** Blood vessels
,What causes lactose intolerance?
Excess intake of milk/dairy products
Low production of hormones
Inadequate production of lactase
Autoimmune destruction of small intestine cells *** Inadequate production of lactase
Carbohydrates are stored in the human body as:
Monosaccharides
Phospholipids
Glycogen
Insulin *** Glycogen
How does insulin change blood glucose levels?
a) Insulin helps to raise blood glucose when we are fasting.
b) Insulin triggers the cell to open glucose transporters in the membrane.
c) Insulin signals the small intestine to reduce production of digestive enzymes.
d) Insulin binds to glucose and allows it to be broken down (oxidized) for energy. *** b
What is the signal for the pancreas to produce insulin?
Increasing blood glucose levels
, Increased production of pancreatic amylase
The hormone ghrelin, produced during eating
Movement of food into the colon *** Increasing blood glucose levels
Which of these foods has a high amount of carbohydrate?
Olive oil
Grapes
Ground pork
Eggs *** Grapes
Overconsumption of carbohydrate causes what effect?
Hyperglycemia (excess glucose in the bloodstream)
Increased risk of type 2 diabetes
Storage of excess energy as fat
Glycogen breakdown *** Storage of excess energy as fat
Which of these is a macronutrient?
Ethanol
Electrolytes
Phytochemicals
Water-soluble vitamins *** Ethanol
