ANATOMY NBME-CLINICAL CORRELATES
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What is a boxer's fracture? - correct answer Neck of the metacarpal bones are fractured in fistfights
Typically, fractures of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals in professional boxers
Fractures of 5th and sometimes 4th metacarpals in unskilled fighters
What is Mallet/Baseball Finger? - correct answer Due to DIP joint forced into hyperflexion
Ex: When baseball is miscaught or a finger is jammed into a base pad
Causes avulsion of the attachment of the extensor digitorum tendon to the base of the distal phalynx-->
person can't extend the DIP joint
What are the rotator cuff muscles and what do they do? - correct answer SITS
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis
Support the shoulder joint by forming a musculotendinous rotator cuff around it
Reinforced joint on all sides EXCEPT inferiorly
Dislocation most
,Dislocation of the humerus is most likely to occur in what direction? - correct answer Inferiorly
No support down there!
What muscles play a role in ABduction of the upper limb? - correct answer Supraspinatus m (innervated
by suprascapular n): Initiates Abduction up to 15*
Deltoid m (innervated by axillary n): Abducts to horizontal position 15*-110*
Trapezius (innervated by accessory n) and Serratus Anterior (innervated by long thoracic n): Raises arm
above horizontal 110*-180*
What is subacromial bursitis? - correct answer Inflammation of the subacromial bursa due to calcific
supraspinatus tendinitis
Causes a painful arc of abduction
Subacromial bursitis shares the same symptoms as what? - correct answer Inflammation of trauma of
Supraspinatus tendon
(Causes painful arc of abduction)
What is student's elbow? - correct answer AKA Subcutaneous Olecranon Bursitis
Olecranon bursa separated the olecranon from the skin.
Repeated excessive pressure and friction may cause bursa to be inflammed
,What is tennis elbow/lateral epicondylitis? - correct answer Due to repeated flexion and extension of
wrist (backhand anyone?)
Results in the strain of the common EXTENSOR tendon and inflammation of the lateral epicaondyle
Pain is felt over the lateral epicondyle and radiates down to posterior aspect of forearm
Pain is felt when opening a door or lifting a glass
What muscles are affected in tennis elbow/lateral epicondylitis? - correct answer Extensor Carpi Radialis
Longus & Brevis
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Digiti Minimi
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
What is medial epicondylitis/golfer's elbow? - correct answer AKA Golfer's Elbow
Inflammation of the common FLEXOR tendon where it originates on the medial epicondyle of the
humerus
What muscles are affected in medial epicondylitis? - correct answer Pronator Teres
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Palmaris Longus
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
What arteries contrbute to the anastomoses around the scapula? - correct answer Blockage of the
subclavian or axillary artery can be bypassed by anastamoses between branches of the Thyrocervical
and Subscapular arteries:
Transverse cervical
Suprascapular
, Subscapular
Circumflex scapular
From lateral to medial: what contents reside in the cubital fossa? - correct answer TAM
Biceps Brachii Tendon
Brachial Artery
Median Nerve
What are the subcutaneous structures that reside in the cubital fossa (lateral to medial)? - correct
answer Cephalic Vein
Median Cubital Vein (joins cephalic with basilic---this is where you get blood from)
Basilic Vein
Where are venipunctures done? Why? - correct answer Median Cubital Vein
It overlies the bicipital aponeurosis which protects the deep structures
This vein is not accompanied by nerves
What is carpal tunnel syndrome? - correct answer Results from a lesion that reduces the size of the
carpal tunnel (infection. fluid retention, dislocation of lunate bone)
Median nerve is most affected
Results in:
-Pins and needles of the lateral 3.5 digits (because 1/2 LOAF)
-Palm sensation is NOT affected because superficial palmar cutaneous branch passes superficial to the
tunnel
-Apehand deformity= absence of opposition o thumb
What muscles attach to the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints? How do you test the FDP? -
correct answer FDS flexes PIP
Questions with 100% Correct Answers Graded
A+ Latest Versions 2025 Top Rated A+
What is a boxer's fracture? - correct answer Neck of the metacarpal bones are fractured in fistfights
Typically, fractures of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals in professional boxers
Fractures of 5th and sometimes 4th metacarpals in unskilled fighters
What is Mallet/Baseball Finger? - correct answer Due to DIP joint forced into hyperflexion
Ex: When baseball is miscaught or a finger is jammed into a base pad
Causes avulsion of the attachment of the extensor digitorum tendon to the base of the distal phalynx-->
person can't extend the DIP joint
What are the rotator cuff muscles and what do they do? - correct answer SITS
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis
Support the shoulder joint by forming a musculotendinous rotator cuff around it
Reinforced joint on all sides EXCEPT inferiorly
Dislocation most
,Dislocation of the humerus is most likely to occur in what direction? - correct answer Inferiorly
No support down there!
What muscles play a role in ABduction of the upper limb? - correct answer Supraspinatus m (innervated
by suprascapular n): Initiates Abduction up to 15*
Deltoid m (innervated by axillary n): Abducts to horizontal position 15*-110*
Trapezius (innervated by accessory n) and Serratus Anterior (innervated by long thoracic n): Raises arm
above horizontal 110*-180*
What is subacromial bursitis? - correct answer Inflammation of the subacromial bursa due to calcific
supraspinatus tendinitis
Causes a painful arc of abduction
Subacromial bursitis shares the same symptoms as what? - correct answer Inflammation of trauma of
Supraspinatus tendon
(Causes painful arc of abduction)
What is student's elbow? - correct answer AKA Subcutaneous Olecranon Bursitis
Olecranon bursa separated the olecranon from the skin.
Repeated excessive pressure and friction may cause bursa to be inflammed
,What is tennis elbow/lateral epicondylitis? - correct answer Due to repeated flexion and extension of
wrist (backhand anyone?)
Results in the strain of the common EXTENSOR tendon and inflammation of the lateral epicaondyle
Pain is felt over the lateral epicondyle and radiates down to posterior aspect of forearm
Pain is felt when opening a door or lifting a glass
What muscles are affected in tennis elbow/lateral epicondylitis? - correct answer Extensor Carpi Radialis
Longus & Brevis
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Digiti Minimi
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
What is medial epicondylitis/golfer's elbow? - correct answer AKA Golfer's Elbow
Inflammation of the common FLEXOR tendon where it originates on the medial epicondyle of the
humerus
What muscles are affected in medial epicondylitis? - correct answer Pronator Teres
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Palmaris Longus
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
What arteries contrbute to the anastomoses around the scapula? - correct answer Blockage of the
subclavian or axillary artery can be bypassed by anastamoses between branches of the Thyrocervical
and Subscapular arteries:
Transverse cervical
Suprascapular
, Subscapular
Circumflex scapular
From lateral to medial: what contents reside in the cubital fossa? - correct answer TAM
Biceps Brachii Tendon
Brachial Artery
Median Nerve
What are the subcutaneous structures that reside in the cubital fossa (lateral to medial)? - correct
answer Cephalic Vein
Median Cubital Vein (joins cephalic with basilic---this is where you get blood from)
Basilic Vein
Where are venipunctures done? Why? - correct answer Median Cubital Vein
It overlies the bicipital aponeurosis which protects the deep structures
This vein is not accompanied by nerves
What is carpal tunnel syndrome? - correct answer Results from a lesion that reduces the size of the
carpal tunnel (infection. fluid retention, dislocation of lunate bone)
Median nerve is most affected
Results in:
-Pins and needles of the lateral 3.5 digits (because 1/2 LOAF)
-Palm sensation is NOT affected because superficial palmar cutaneous branch passes superficial to the
tunnel
-Apehand deformity= absence of opposition o thumb
What muscles attach to the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints? How do you test the FDP? -
correct answer FDS flexes PIP
