BIO 152 Exam 1 with accurate detailed
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solutions
Which feature is required for a molecule to be considered biological? - Correct
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answer ✔- it must have a carbon backbone
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- it must contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
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Composition of cells - Correct answer ✔- Nucleus (DNA - genetic information)
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- Membrane (compartmentalization)
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-Protein and RNA | |
- Abilities to reproduce
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- Cytoplasm (cytosol)
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- Carbon
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- Water
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Why is carbon highly verstile? - Correct answer ✔Carbon can form four bonds
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because of a unpaired electron on each side of it.
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Which of the following correctly identifies the four major classes of biological
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molecules? - Correct answer ✔Proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids
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Monomer of a carbohydrate - Correct answer ✔glucose (monosaccharide)
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,macromolecules of carbohydrates - Correct answer ✔disaccharide (sucrose) | | | | | | |
polysaccharide (amylose starch) | |
Functions of Carbohydrates - Correct answer ✔1) Stored Energy: such as starch
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in plants and glycogen in animals
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2) High Energy Molecules: such as glucose to drive production of ATP
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3) Structural support: Such as chitin, the major structural molecule in the shell
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of a beetle
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What are lipids often referred to as? - Correct answer ✔fats and oils
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Overall structure of lipids - Correct answer ✔- varies but often neutral or mostly
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neutral molecules dominated by hydrocarbons
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- hydrocarbon tails (fatty acids) can be saturated with hydrogens or unsaturated
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Saturated fatty acids - Correct answer ✔consists of triglycerides whose carbon
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carbon chains consist of carbon-carbon SINGLE bonds
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form straight chains - easier to pack together tight - more likely to be a solid at
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room temp |
, maximum # bonds between C-H | | | |
Unsaturated fatty acids - Correct answer ✔consists of triglycerides whose
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carbon chains contain one or more carbon-carbon DOUBLE bonds
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form kinked chains - difficult to pack in tight - more likely to be a liquid at room
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temp
|
less than maximum # bonds between C-H
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Triglycerides - Correct answer ✔storage form of energy for lipids
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3 tails
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Phospholipids - Correct answer ✔main molecule used to build cell membranes
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Structure of Cholesterol and other steroids - Correct answer ✔four distinct C-H
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rings with an unique side chain. Overall neutral and hydrophobic, but can have
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regions that are amphipathic like the phospholipids.
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Function of Cholesterol and other steroids - Correct answer ✔contribute to
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properties of cell membranes, including fluidity and permeability. Some also
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modified into communication/signaling molecules.
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solutions
Which feature is required for a molecule to be considered biological? - Correct
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
answer ✔- it must have a carbon backbone
| | | | | | |
- it must contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
| | | | | | |
Composition of cells - Correct answer ✔- Nucleus (DNA - genetic information)
| | | | | | | | | | |
- Membrane (compartmentalization)
| |
-Protein and RNA | |
- Abilities to reproduce
| | |
- Cytoplasm (cytosol)
| |
- Carbon
| |
- Water
|
Why is carbon highly verstile? - Correct answer ✔Carbon can form four bonds
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
because of a unpaired electron on each side of it.
| | | | | | | | |
Which of the following correctly identifies the four major classes of biological
| | | | | | | | | | | |
molecules? - Correct answer ✔Proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids
| | | | | | | | |
Monomer of a carbohydrate - Correct answer ✔glucose (monosaccharide)
| | | | | | | |
,macromolecules of carbohydrates - Correct answer ✔disaccharide (sucrose) | | | | | | |
polysaccharide (amylose starch) | |
Functions of Carbohydrates - Correct answer ✔1) Stored Energy: such as starch
| | | | | | | | | | | |
in plants and glycogen in animals
| | | | |
2) High Energy Molecules: such as glucose to drive production of ATP
| | | | | | | | | | |
3) Structural support: Such as chitin, the major structural molecule in the shell
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
of a beetle
| |
What are lipids often referred to as? - Correct answer ✔fats and oils
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Overall structure of lipids - Correct answer ✔- varies but often neutral or mostly
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
neutral molecules dominated by hydrocarbons
| | | | |
- hydrocarbon tails (fatty acids) can be saturated with hydrogens or unsaturated
| | | | | | | | | | |
Saturated fatty acids - Correct answer ✔consists of triglycerides whose carbon
| | | | | | | | | | |
carbon chains consist of carbon-carbon SINGLE bonds
| | | | | |
form straight chains - easier to pack together tight - more likely to be a solid at
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
room temp |
, maximum # bonds between C-H | | | |
Unsaturated fatty acids - Correct answer ✔consists of triglycerides whose
| | | | | | | | | |
carbon chains contain one or more carbon-carbon DOUBLE bonds
| | | | | | | |
form kinked chains - difficult to pack in tight - more likely to be a liquid at room
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
temp
|
less than maximum # bonds between C-H
| | | | | |
Triglycerides - Correct answer ✔storage form of energy for lipids
| | | | | | | | |
3 tails
|
Phospholipids - Correct answer ✔main molecule used to build cell membranes
| | | | | | | | | |
Structure of Cholesterol and other steroids - Correct answer ✔four distinct C-H
| | | | | | | | | | | |
rings with an unique side chain. Overall neutral and hydrophobic, but can have
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
regions that are amphipathic like the phospholipids.
| | | | | |
Function of Cholesterol and other steroids - Correct answer ✔contribute to
| | | | | | | | | | |
properties of cell membranes, including fluidity and permeability. Some also
| | | | | | | | | |
modified into communication/signaling molecules.
| | |
