PHARMACOLOGY CMS PROCTORED EXAM
2025 | ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+ | VERIFIED
ANSWERS | LATEST EXAM
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has venous
thrombosis and a prescription for warfarin. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------Carry a medical alert ID card
A client who is taking warfarin is at increased risk for bleeding. In the
case of an emergency, any medical personnel must be aware of the
client's medication history.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for meperidine 500
mg PO q 4 to 6 hr to manage pain. Which of the following actions should
the nurse take? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Contact the
provider for clarification of the prescription
The nurse should call the provider and request clarification of the
prescription. This dose is significantly outside the recommended
range of 50 mg every 3 to 4 hours, not to exceed 600 mg within 24
hours. Only the provider can clarify this prescription.
A nurse is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed with Addison's
disease and has been placed on long-term mineralocorticoid therapy with
fludrocortisone. Which of the following pieces of information should the
nurse provide when explaining the purpose of this therapy? ---------
CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Mineralocorticoids maintain electrolyte
and fluid balance.
,Mineralocorticoids (specifically aldosterone) are necessary for the
regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance (particularly for sodium,
potassium, and water). Addison's disease results in a deficiency of
cortisol and aldosterone production and requires supplementation
with glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. Fludrocortisone is the
only mineralocorticoid available.
A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer involving the lumbar vertebrae
and has been prescribed gabapentin. Which of the following therapeutic
effects should the nurse identify for the client when taking this medication?
---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Reduced cramping, aching, and
burning neuropathic pain
The nurse should identify that gabapentin is administered to treat
neuropathic pain that is sharp and darting. The medication can also
decrease cramping, aching, and burning pain and suppress
spontaneous neuronal firing that causes pain.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data for a client who is receiving
clozapine for schizophrenia. The nurse should identify which of the
following findings as a potential adverse effect of the medication? ---------
CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Absolute neutrophil count 1,200 mm^3
The nurse should identify that an absolute neutrophil count of
1,200/mm^3 is less than the expected reference range of 2,500 to
8,000/mm^3. An adverse effect of clozapine can include
agranulocytosis, which is a life-threatening conditioning in which
WBCs (including neutrophils) are severely decreased.
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking diphenhydramine for allergies.
The client reports, "I feel sleepy during the day." Which of the following
responses should the nurse make? ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------------
---"You should try antihistamines with non-sedative effects."
,The nurse should tell the client to try second-generation
antihistamines that have no sedative effect, as these are large
molecules with low lipid solubility that cannot cross the blood-brain
barrier. Diphenhydramine is a first-generation antihistamine and has a
common adverse effect of sedation.
A nurse is assessing a client who has AIDS and is taking zidovudine.
Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the
provider? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Decreased hemoglobin
The nurse should apply the safety and risk-reduction priority-setting
framework, which assigns priority to the factor or situation posing the
greatest safety risk to the client. When there are several risks to client
safety, the one posing the greatest threat is the highest priority. The
nurse should use Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the ABC priority
setting framework, and/or nursing knowledge to identify which risk
poses the greatest threat to the client. Therefore, the priority finding
for the nurse to report to the provider is a decreased hemoglobin
level. Zidovudine can cause severe anemia and neutropenia from
bone marrow suppression, resulting in hematologic toxicity.
A nurse is preparing to administer timolol eye drops to a client who has
primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Prior to administering the
medication, the nurse should recognize that which of the following
conditions in the client's medical history is a contraindication to receiving
this medication? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Asthma
The nurse should identify that asthma is a contraindication to
receiving timolol. Timolol is a beta-blocker that can cause blocking of
the beta2-receptors, causing bronchospasm. A client who has a
history of asthma is a candidate for an alternate medication to treat
this condition such as betaxolol.
, A nurse is caring for a male client who has been taking cimetidine for the
treatment of a duodenal ulcer. Which of the following manifestations related
to the medication should the nurse report to the provider? ---------
CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Emesis that looks like coffee grounds
The nurse should identify that coffee-ground emesis is a
manifestation of a gastrointestinal bleed as a result of the duodenal
ulcer and can indicate that treatment with cimetidine has been
ineffective. Therefore, the nurse should report this finding to the
provider immediately.
A nurse is teaching a client who has osteoporosis and a new prescription
for alendronate. Which of the following client statements indicates that the
teaching was effective? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------"I will sit
upright for 30 minutes after taking the medication."
The nurse should instruct the client to sit upright or stand for at least
30 minutes after taking the medication to prevent esophagitis.
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of a dinoprostone vaginal insert
pouch to stimulate labor. Which of the following statements should the
nurse include in the teaching? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------
"Lie on your back for at least 2 hours without getting up."
The client should remain supine for at least 2 hours after the
dinoprostone vaginal pouch is inserted to allow a slow release of the
medication from the pouch to stimulate labor.
A nurse is teaching a client who is about to start taking propylthiouracil to
treat hyperthyroidism. Which of the following statements should the nurse
identify as an indication that the teaching has been effective? ---------
CORRECT ANSWER-----------------"I will need laboratory tests to check my
liver function."
2025 | ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+ | VERIFIED
ANSWERS | LATEST EXAM
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has venous
thrombosis and a prescription for warfarin. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------Carry a medical alert ID card
A client who is taking warfarin is at increased risk for bleeding. In the
case of an emergency, any medical personnel must be aware of the
client's medication history.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for meperidine 500
mg PO q 4 to 6 hr to manage pain. Which of the following actions should
the nurse take? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Contact the
provider for clarification of the prescription
The nurse should call the provider and request clarification of the
prescription. This dose is significantly outside the recommended
range of 50 mg every 3 to 4 hours, not to exceed 600 mg within 24
hours. Only the provider can clarify this prescription.
A nurse is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed with Addison's
disease and has been placed on long-term mineralocorticoid therapy with
fludrocortisone. Which of the following pieces of information should the
nurse provide when explaining the purpose of this therapy? ---------
CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Mineralocorticoids maintain electrolyte
and fluid balance.
,Mineralocorticoids (specifically aldosterone) are necessary for the
regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance (particularly for sodium,
potassium, and water). Addison's disease results in a deficiency of
cortisol and aldosterone production and requires supplementation
with glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. Fludrocortisone is the
only mineralocorticoid available.
A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer involving the lumbar vertebrae
and has been prescribed gabapentin. Which of the following therapeutic
effects should the nurse identify for the client when taking this medication?
---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Reduced cramping, aching, and
burning neuropathic pain
The nurse should identify that gabapentin is administered to treat
neuropathic pain that is sharp and darting. The medication can also
decrease cramping, aching, and burning pain and suppress
spontaneous neuronal firing that causes pain.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data for a client who is receiving
clozapine for schizophrenia. The nurse should identify which of the
following findings as a potential adverse effect of the medication? ---------
CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Absolute neutrophil count 1,200 mm^3
The nurse should identify that an absolute neutrophil count of
1,200/mm^3 is less than the expected reference range of 2,500 to
8,000/mm^3. An adverse effect of clozapine can include
agranulocytosis, which is a life-threatening conditioning in which
WBCs (including neutrophils) are severely decreased.
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking diphenhydramine for allergies.
The client reports, "I feel sleepy during the day." Which of the following
responses should the nurse make? ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------------
---"You should try antihistamines with non-sedative effects."
,The nurse should tell the client to try second-generation
antihistamines that have no sedative effect, as these are large
molecules with low lipid solubility that cannot cross the blood-brain
barrier. Diphenhydramine is a first-generation antihistamine and has a
common adverse effect of sedation.
A nurse is assessing a client who has AIDS and is taking zidovudine.
Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the
provider? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Decreased hemoglobin
The nurse should apply the safety and risk-reduction priority-setting
framework, which assigns priority to the factor or situation posing the
greatest safety risk to the client. When there are several risks to client
safety, the one posing the greatest threat is the highest priority. The
nurse should use Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the ABC priority
setting framework, and/or nursing knowledge to identify which risk
poses the greatest threat to the client. Therefore, the priority finding
for the nurse to report to the provider is a decreased hemoglobin
level. Zidovudine can cause severe anemia and neutropenia from
bone marrow suppression, resulting in hematologic toxicity.
A nurse is preparing to administer timolol eye drops to a client who has
primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Prior to administering the
medication, the nurse should recognize that which of the following
conditions in the client's medical history is a contraindication to receiving
this medication? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Asthma
The nurse should identify that asthma is a contraindication to
receiving timolol. Timolol is a beta-blocker that can cause blocking of
the beta2-receptors, causing bronchospasm. A client who has a
history of asthma is a candidate for an alternate medication to treat
this condition such as betaxolol.
, A nurse is caring for a male client who has been taking cimetidine for the
treatment of a duodenal ulcer. Which of the following manifestations related
to the medication should the nurse report to the provider? ---------
CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Emesis that looks like coffee grounds
The nurse should identify that coffee-ground emesis is a
manifestation of a gastrointestinal bleed as a result of the duodenal
ulcer and can indicate that treatment with cimetidine has been
ineffective. Therefore, the nurse should report this finding to the
provider immediately.
A nurse is teaching a client who has osteoporosis and a new prescription
for alendronate. Which of the following client statements indicates that the
teaching was effective? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------"I will sit
upright for 30 minutes after taking the medication."
The nurse should instruct the client to sit upright or stand for at least
30 minutes after taking the medication to prevent esophagitis.
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of a dinoprostone vaginal insert
pouch to stimulate labor. Which of the following statements should the
nurse include in the teaching? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------
"Lie on your back for at least 2 hours without getting up."
The client should remain supine for at least 2 hours after the
dinoprostone vaginal pouch is inserted to allow a slow release of the
medication from the pouch to stimulate labor.
A nurse is teaching a client who is about to start taking propylthiouracil to
treat hyperthyroidism. Which of the following statements should the nurse
identify as an indication that the teaching has been effective? ---------
CORRECT ANSWER-----------------"I will need laboratory tests to check my
liver function."
