Fundamentals of Nursing: Oxygenation

Fundamentals of Nursing:
Oxygenation

, Respiration - CORRECT ANSWERS-exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during
cellular metabolism

3 Steps of the process of oxygenation: - CORRECT ANSWERS-1. Ventilation
2. Perfusion
3. Diffusion

(1) Ventilation - CORRECT ANSWERS-process of moving gases into and out of lungs

The Major inspiratory muscle of respiration is the ________________. - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Diaphragm

(2) Perfusion - CORRECT ANSWERS-the ability of the cardiovascular system to pump
oxygenated blood to the tissues and return deoxygenated blood to the lungs

(3) Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS-the process of exchange of respiratory gases in
the alveoli and capillaries

Work of Breathing (WOB) - CORRECT ANSWERS-the effort required to expand and
contract the lungs

The amount of energy expended on breathing depends on: (3) - CORRECT
ANSWERS-- rate and depth of breathing
- the ease in which the lungs can be expanded (compliance)
- airway resistance

Inspiration - CORRECT ANSWERS-active process, stimulated by chemical receptors in
the aorta

Expiration - CORRECT ANSWERS-passive process that depends on the elastic recoil
properties of the lungs, requiring little or no muscle work

Surfactant - CORRECT ANSWERS-a chemical produced in the lungs to maintain the
surface tension of the alveoli and keep them from collapsing.

Patients with advanced _________________ lose the elastic recoil of the lungs and
thorax. - CORRECT ANSWERS-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Atelectasis - CORRECT ANSWERS-a collapse of the alveoli that prevents normal
exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Compliance - CORRECT ANSWERS-the ability of lungs to distend or expand in
response to increased intra-alveolar pressure