OB/GYN II CH 35,36,61. Fetal Echocardiography
questions and answers with solutions
With transvaginal scanning, the fetal heartbeat can be detected at ______ weeks, while detailed
anatomy and screening for defects is done in the _______ trimesters.
4/5 - 2nd & 3rd
About ______ infants are born each year with congenital heart defects.
30,000
Fetal echocardiograms may be done after _____ weeks. With an optimum time of ______
weeks.
14-16, 18-22
What is a fetal echocardiogram?
A targeted sonogram of the fetal heart done by specially trained personal for specific indications
T/F. Details of fetal heart anatomy are better seen as gestation progresses.
True
T/F. Doppler imaging of the fetal heart may be done without any concern about risk of
bioeffects at all.
False
T/F. There is no special training needed for a sonographer to do fetal echocardiograms.
False
If a fetus has severe genetic abnormalities, what is the usual outcome of the pregnancy?
Spontaneous abortion
The __________ system is the first fetal organ system to function.
,cardiovascular
By the end of the _____ week circulation of blood has begun
3rd
Blood formation in the embryo begins in the _______ week
5th
The space between the primitive atria and primitive ventricles is called the _________
(AV) Atrioventricular canal
Endocardial cushions grow to divide the A-V canal into ______ and _______ halves.
Left; right
Truncal cushions are formed by ________ cells that migrate from the ____________
Neurocrest; Hindbrain
Why is it possible for most of the fetal blood to bypass the fetal lungs?
Via the foramen ovale, oxygenation occurs in the placenta & lungs aren't used yet
Fetal Bradycardia:
Heart rate less than 100 bpm
Fetal Tachycardia:
Heart rate greater than 200 bpm
List the FETAL risk factors that are associated with an increase likelihood for congenital heart
defects:
IUGR, Cardiac arrhythmias, abnormal amniocentesis, abnormal amniotic fluid, abnormal heart
rate, hydrops fetalis.
, List the maternal risk factors that are associated with an increased likelihood for congenital
heart defects:
smoking, HTN, diabetic, alcohol, drugs, infection, VSD, family HX of CHD
list the familial risk factors that are associated with an increased likelihood for congenital heart
defects
previous child w/CHD, genetic syndromes with presence of CHD, family HX of CHD
Why would a fetus whose mother has lupus be more likely to have bradycardia?
Due to heart block & percardial effusion caused by the connective tissue disorder
Why is a broad band transducer preferred for fetal echocardiography?
Creates more detailed images
Why would cineloop be useful for fetal cardiography?
Allows images of the heart in a 'frame by frame' analysis
______________ is used to create a tracing of heart motion over time. This is used to evaluate
_______ and ________ motion, opening and closing of __________, and ___________ size.
m-mode, wall, septal, valves, chamber
questions and answers with solutions
With transvaginal scanning, the fetal heartbeat can be detected at ______ weeks, while detailed
anatomy and screening for defects is done in the _______ trimesters.
4/5 - 2nd & 3rd
About ______ infants are born each year with congenital heart defects.
30,000
Fetal echocardiograms may be done after _____ weeks. With an optimum time of ______
weeks.
14-16, 18-22
What is a fetal echocardiogram?
A targeted sonogram of the fetal heart done by specially trained personal for specific indications
T/F. Details of fetal heart anatomy are better seen as gestation progresses.
True
T/F. Doppler imaging of the fetal heart may be done without any concern about risk of
bioeffects at all.
False
T/F. There is no special training needed for a sonographer to do fetal echocardiograms.
False
If a fetus has severe genetic abnormalities, what is the usual outcome of the pregnancy?
Spontaneous abortion
The __________ system is the first fetal organ system to function.
,cardiovascular
By the end of the _____ week circulation of blood has begun
3rd
Blood formation in the embryo begins in the _______ week
5th
The space between the primitive atria and primitive ventricles is called the _________
(AV) Atrioventricular canal
Endocardial cushions grow to divide the A-V canal into ______ and _______ halves.
Left; right
Truncal cushions are formed by ________ cells that migrate from the ____________
Neurocrest; Hindbrain
Why is it possible for most of the fetal blood to bypass the fetal lungs?
Via the foramen ovale, oxygenation occurs in the placenta & lungs aren't used yet
Fetal Bradycardia:
Heart rate less than 100 bpm
Fetal Tachycardia:
Heart rate greater than 200 bpm
List the FETAL risk factors that are associated with an increase likelihood for congenital heart
defects:
IUGR, Cardiac arrhythmias, abnormal amniocentesis, abnormal amniotic fluid, abnormal heart
rate, hydrops fetalis.
, List the maternal risk factors that are associated with an increased likelihood for congenital
heart defects:
smoking, HTN, diabetic, alcohol, drugs, infection, VSD, family HX of CHD
list the familial risk factors that are associated with an increased likelihood for congenital heart
defects
previous child w/CHD, genetic syndromes with presence of CHD, family HX of CHD
Why would a fetus whose mother has lupus be more likely to have bradycardia?
Due to heart block & percardial effusion caused by the connective tissue disorder
Why is a broad band transducer preferred for fetal echocardiography?
Creates more detailed images
Why would cineloop be useful for fetal cardiography?
Allows images of the heart in a 'frame by frame' analysis
______________ is used to create a tracing of heart motion over time. This is used to evaluate
_______ and ________ motion, opening and closing of __________, and ___________ size.
m-mode, wall, septal, valves, chamber
