PRAXIS Principles of Learning and Teaching
(Pedagogical Knowledge) section Exam 2025
Questions and Correct answers are in bold. Each
includes rationales.
Question 1
Which of the following best describes constructivist learning theory?
A) Learning is a passive process where students absorb information from the
teacher.
B) Learning occurs through memorization and repetition of facts.
C) Learners actively construct their own understanding and knowledge through
experiences.
D) Learning is driven solely by external rewards and punishments.
Rationale:
Constructivism emphasizes that learners build knowledge by connecting new
information to prior knowledge through active engagement. It is not passive
absorption or purely behaviorist reward/punishment models.
Question 2
,A teacher wants to encourage metacognition among students. Which classroom
activity best supports this goal?
A) Assigning multiple-choice quizzes to check content recall.
B) Having students summarize the main points of a lesson after it ends.
C) Asking students to reflect on how they approached solving a problem and
what strategies worked.
D) Lecturing on the importance of studying hard without further discussion.
Rationale:
Metacognition involves awareness and regulation of one’s own thinking and
learning processes. Reflection on problem-solving strategies helps students
develop metacognitive skills.
Question 3
Which of the following is an example of formative assessment?
A) End-of-unit standardized test.
B) Final course exam.
C) A teacher giving feedback on a draft essay to guide revision.
D) A benchmark test administered at the beginning of the year.
Rationale:
Formative assessments are ongoing and provide feedback to guide instruction
and improve learning, whereas summative assessments (like final exams)
evaluate learning at the end of a unit.
, Question 4
According to Bloom’s Taxonomy, which cognitive skill is at the highest level?
A) Remembering
B) Understanding
C) Applying
D) Creating
Rationale:
Creating is the highest level in Bloom’s revised taxonomy and involves putting
elements together to form a new coherent whole or original product.
Question 5
A student who struggles with decoding words and spelling likely has difficulties
related to which type of learning?
A) Kinesthetic learning
B) Auditory discrimination
C) Phonological processing
D) Visual-spatial processing
Rationale:
Phonological processing refers to the ability to recognize and manipulate sounds
in speech, essential for decoding and spelling.
Question 6
(Pedagogical Knowledge) section Exam 2025
Questions and Correct answers are in bold. Each
includes rationales.
Question 1
Which of the following best describes constructivist learning theory?
A) Learning is a passive process where students absorb information from the
teacher.
B) Learning occurs through memorization and repetition of facts.
C) Learners actively construct their own understanding and knowledge through
experiences.
D) Learning is driven solely by external rewards and punishments.
Rationale:
Constructivism emphasizes that learners build knowledge by connecting new
information to prior knowledge through active engagement. It is not passive
absorption or purely behaviorist reward/punishment models.
Question 2
,A teacher wants to encourage metacognition among students. Which classroom
activity best supports this goal?
A) Assigning multiple-choice quizzes to check content recall.
B) Having students summarize the main points of a lesson after it ends.
C) Asking students to reflect on how they approached solving a problem and
what strategies worked.
D) Lecturing on the importance of studying hard without further discussion.
Rationale:
Metacognition involves awareness and regulation of one’s own thinking and
learning processes. Reflection on problem-solving strategies helps students
develop metacognitive skills.
Question 3
Which of the following is an example of formative assessment?
A) End-of-unit standardized test.
B) Final course exam.
C) A teacher giving feedback on a draft essay to guide revision.
D) A benchmark test administered at the beginning of the year.
Rationale:
Formative assessments are ongoing and provide feedback to guide instruction
and improve learning, whereas summative assessments (like final exams)
evaluate learning at the end of a unit.
, Question 4
According to Bloom’s Taxonomy, which cognitive skill is at the highest level?
A) Remembering
B) Understanding
C) Applying
D) Creating
Rationale:
Creating is the highest level in Bloom’s revised taxonomy and involves putting
elements together to form a new coherent whole or original product.
Question 5
A student who struggles with decoding words and spelling likely has difficulties
related to which type of learning?
A) Kinesthetic learning
B) Auditory discrimination
C) Phonological processing
D) Visual-spatial processing
Rationale:
Phonological processing refers to the ability to recognize and manipulate sounds
in speech, essential for decoding and spelling.
Question 6
