Praxis II: PLT (K-6) - Students as Learners Questions and Answers Latest Version Already Passed

Praxis II: PLT (K-6) - Students as Learners Questions and Answers Latest Version Already Passed What is the term for a student’s belief in their ability to succeed in specific tasks? Self-efficacy What is the process by which children learn behaviors by watching others? Observational learning What kind of motivation comes from within a student rather than from rewards? Intrinsic motivation What is it called when a teacher adjusts instruction based on a student’s current level of understanding? Differentiated instruction What theory supports the idea that children build knowledge through active engagement and exploration? 2 Constructivism Which developmental psychologist is best known for the stages of cognitive development? Jean Piaget Which psychologist proposed the Zone of Proximal Development? Lev Vygotsky What do we call the range between what a learner can do independently and what they can do with support? Zone of Proximal Development What strategy involves guiding students through learning tasks and gradually reducing assistance? Scaffolding What is the process of reflecting on one’s own thinking and learning? Metacognition 3 Which type of memory holds information for a few seconds, such as a phone number just heard? Short-term memory Which approach to learning involves connecting new information to existing knowledge? Schema activation What is a common sign that a student is in the concrete operational stage of development? Ability to understand conservation What is the term for development that includes physical growth and fine motor skills? Psychomotor development What is the term for a student's ability to control their emotions and behavior in different settings? Self-regulation What learning theory focuses on the influence of environment and reinforcement on behavior? 4 Behaviorism What is the primary focus of humanistic learning theory? The whole child and personal growth What term describes a student's understanding of right and wrong as they develop? Moral development What do we call it when a student uses prior experience to understand new material? Transfer of learning What is an example of extrinsic motivation in the classroom? Receiving a reward for completing homework What do we call it when a teacher helps students set personal learning goals? Goal setting