,# 2010 University of South Africa
All rights reserved
Printed and published by the
University of South Africa
Muckleneuk, Pretoria
CMY1501/1/2011±2013
98697471
3B2
CMY102 STYLE
, (iii)
_
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__ Contents
ORIENTATION (v)
THEME 1: WHAT IS CRIMINOLOGY? 1
1.1 What is criminology about? 5
1.2 Schools of thought in criminology 18
THEME 2: CRIME IN SOUTH AFRICA 35
2.1 The classification and measurement of crime 39
2.2 Official and unofficial sources of crime information 54
THEME 3: INDIVIDUALS IN THE CRIME SITUATION 69
3.1 The criminal: a general profile 73
3.2 The criminal: needs and motives for criminal behaviour 88
3.3 Risk factors contributing to criminal behaviour 106
THEME 4: EXPLANATION OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR 129
4.1 Individual-oriented perspectives on the causes of crime 133
4.2 Milieu-related causes of criminal behaviour 163
4.3 Application of theory 183
4.4 Explanation of crime 194
BIBLIOGRAPHY 203
, (iv)
MODULE DIAGRAM
;
INTRODUCTION TO CRIMINOLOGY: CRIME, OFFENDERS AND
CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR
;
THEME 1: WHAT IS CRIMINOLOGY? (CMB NAUDeÂ, REVISED BY
VZ MTSHALI AND FJ HERBIG )
;
THEME 2: CRIME IN SOUTH AFRICA (SJ JOUBERT, REVISED BY
E JOUBERT)
;
THEME 3: INDIVIDUALS IN THE CRIME SITUATION (AE VAN DER
HOVEN, REVISED BY M SCHOEMAN AND N DASTILE)
;
THEME 4: EXPLANATION OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR (AE VAN DER
HOVEN AND SJ JOUBERT, REVISED BY M OVENS)
All rights reserved
Printed and published by the
University of South Africa
Muckleneuk, Pretoria
CMY1501/1/2011±2013
98697471
3B2
CMY102 STYLE
, (iii)
_
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__
_
__
__ Contents
ORIENTATION (v)
THEME 1: WHAT IS CRIMINOLOGY? 1
1.1 What is criminology about? 5
1.2 Schools of thought in criminology 18
THEME 2: CRIME IN SOUTH AFRICA 35
2.1 The classification and measurement of crime 39
2.2 Official and unofficial sources of crime information 54
THEME 3: INDIVIDUALS IN THE CRIME SITUATION 69
3.1 The criminal: a general profile 73
3.2 The criminal: needs and motives for criminal behaviour 88
3.3 Risk factors contributing to criminal behaviour 106
THEME 4: EXPLANATION OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR 129
4.1 Individual-oriented perspectives on the causes of crime 133
4.2 Milieu-related causes of criminal behaviour 163
4.3 Application of theory 183
4.4 Explanation of crime 194
BIBLIOGRAPHY 203
, (iv)
MODULE DIAGRAM
;
INTRODUCTION TO CRIMINOLOGY: CRIME, OFFENDERS AND
CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR
;
THEME 1: WHAT IS CRIMINOLOGY? (CMB NAUDeÂ, REVISED BY
VZ MTSHALI AND FJ HERBIG )
;
THEME 2: CRIME IN SOUTH AFRICA (SJ JOUBERT, REVISED BY
E JOUBERT)
;
THEME 3: INDIVIDUALS IN THE CRIME SITUATION (AE VAN DER
HOVEN, REVISED BY M SCHOEMAN AND N DASTILE)
;
THEME 4: EXPLANATION OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR (AE VAN DER
HOVEN AND SJ JOUBERT, REVISED BY M OVENS)