LT PROMOTIONAL TEST STUDY GUIDE
EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is "The Communication Failure Guideline"? - ANS Unable to contact MCEP of all types
of communications were attempted unsuccessfully
Radio reports are still required for what? - ANS 1) all emergent pt transports; any code 3 to
ED 2) STEMI, Sepsis, and Trauma/Burns 3) Pt that require additional staff due to aggressive
actions, jails, detention centers, in custody or any suicidal/homicidal pts 4) Active labor with
imminent delivery, post-delivery or contractions less than 2 minutes apart or any pt pregnant
with active abd pain/cramping or vaginal bleeding greater or less than 20 weeks 5) all bannered
MCI pts
Does a pt meeting ED triage criteria need a radio report? - ANS No, should take EMS pts prior
to stable walk-in pts
Radio reports should be limited to how many seconds? - ANS 30 seconds for majority of pts
Non-priority pts still need a radio report for what reason? - ANS Allow the ED enough time
for bed placement
What are the Routine requirements for radio reports? - ANS 1) Age and gender 2) CC/MOI 3)
current status (stable/unstable 4) ETA 5) vital signs and tx rendered
1|P a g e C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 2 5 T H E B R I G H T A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
, May a nurse practitioner or PA allowed to give on line medical direction? - ANS No, nor May
they dictate care on scene
Who has the final decision, hospital destination MD or EMS Consortium MD? -
ANS Consortium physician but Hospital MCEP terminate cardiac arrest
Any pt with a CPAP should be transported to what kind of facility? - ANS Core facility
What is the CCT and what do they do? - ANS Critical Care Team and they rendezvous for life-
saving interventions. May be cancelled by Paramedic in charge or IC
When may resuscitation efforts be withheld? - ANS 1) rigormortis or livermortis 2) obvious
external exsanguination 3) decapitation or burned beyond recognition 4) massive opening or
penetrating trauma to the head or chest with obvious organ obstruction 5) body decomposition
6) extended down time w/ cold skin 6) DNR
What if the family does not have a DNR? - ANS BLS, obtain consensus from family, and
contact MCEP for early termination
What forms must the family have to discontinue CPR? - ANS DNR or MIST (New Mexico
Medical Orders for Scope of Treatment"
What can be forms of an alternative DNR? - ANS "Living Will", or "Advanced Directive" will
be followed, will be administered, and judged appropriate by the Paramedic
How long is expected for the complete turnover at the hospital? - ANS 20 minutes of ED
arrival or when EMS run report is complete
2|P a g e C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 2 5 T H E B R I G H T A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
, Transport unit personnel will maintain charge of pt care at the hospital until what 4 steps are
accomplished? - ANS 1) Arrival at the hospital 2) Pt unloading 3) Moving Pt from transport
unit stretcher to hospital stretcher 4) Verbal turnover report to designated hospital personnel
Who may assume responsibility for the care, transfer, and maintenance of lines and tubes
deemed necessary at the hospital? - ANS Emergency Medicine Physician/NP/PA
How do you request a helicopter? - ANS Through Albuquerque Base
What is EMTALA? - ANS Applies to an individual comes to the hospital ER and a request is
made on the individuals behalf for examination or treatment of a medical condition
What is HCFA? - ANS "Comes to the hospitals ER" to mean the individual is on the hospitals
premises or in an ambulance owned by the hospital
All hospitals must remain open to receive pts UNLESS the hospital is what? - ANS On "Black
Divert"
What does "Black Divert" include? - ANS 1) Critical Infrastructure Failure (facility
mechanical/electrical supply failure, loss of critical imaging capabilities or treatment capabilities
2) Building structure or safety compromise (fire, active shooter, building collapse, flood)
For minors to make a decision regarding healthcare, they must be emancipated and how old? -
ANS 16 years old and be 1) married 2) divorced 3) active military 4) Legally declared
emancipated in a court of law
Does pregnancy in and of itself emancipate a minor? - ANS No, Contact MCEP and Err on the
side of transport versus cancellation
3|P a g e C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 2 5 T H E B R I G H T A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
, When a minor over the age of 16 is evaluated and is refusing further care, what should be
done? - ANS The pt can sign the liability release form as acknowledgment of evaluation and
refusal but the minor must be left in a safe environment. Utilize law enforcement and MCEP
Who may take responsibility if they assumed responsibility for the child and sign the liability
release? - ANS Specific caretakers, including a non-minor sibling or non-guardian family
member, a school bus driver, or an adult group leader (church, scouts, etc.)
Can a emancipated minor make decisions for her minor child? - ANS Yes, unless a minor
mother is not making a decision in the best interest of the child, utilize the EMS Act, MCEP, or
law enforcement. An exception is children 14-18 who have been sexually assaulted. These pts
can consent for treatment and can request parents not be contacted
What 5 things can increase mortality in traumatic brain injuries? - ANS Hypothermia,
hypotension, hypoxia, hypocapnia, and hypoglycemia
Why should you not hyperventilate a pt with TBI/head trauma? - ANS Lowers the CO2 and
causes Vasoconstriction leading to increased ICP
Which pt would you want to hyperventilate? - ANS Pts ONLY with evidence of herniation.
Short term option only used for severe head injury typically GCS less that or equal to 8 or
unresponsive
If ALS medic and fire/rescue personnel arrive on scene simultaneously, who will take
responsibility of directing pt care? - ANS Fire department medic with their equipment
Who should be notified immediately if an exposure has occurred? - ANS BC and exposure
guidelines be implemented
What is involuntary emergency transport? - ANS Good faith judgement that the person in
capable of making an informed decision about his/her own safety and is likely to suffer
disability or death
4|P a g e C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 2 5 T H E B R I G H T A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is "The Communication Failure Guideline"? - ANS Unable to contact MCEP of all types
of communications were attempted unsuccessfully
Radio reports are still required for what? - ANS 1) all emergent pt transports; any code 3 to
ED 2) STEMI, Sepsis, and Trauma/Burns 3) Pt that require additional staff due to aggressive
actions, jails, detention centers, in custody or any suicidal/homicidal pts 4) Active labor with
imminent delivery, post-delivery or contractions less than 2 minutes apart or any pt pregnant
with active abd pain/cramping or vaginal bleeding greater or less than 20 weeks 5) all bannered
MCI pts
Does a pt meeting ED triage criteria need a radio report? - ANS No, should take EMS pts prior
to stable walk-in pts
Radio reports should be limited to how many seconds? - ANS 30 seconds for majority of pts
Non-priority pts still need a radio report for what reason? - ANS Allow the ED enough time
for bed placement
What are the Routine requirements for radio reports? - ANS 1) Age and gender 2) CC/MOI 3)
current status (stable/unstable 4) ETA 5) vital signs and tx rendered
1|P a g e C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 2 5 T H E B R I G H T A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
, May a nurse practitioner or PA allowed to give on line medical direction? - ANS No, nor May
they dictate care on scene
Who has the final decision, hospital destination MD or EMS Consortium MD? -
ANS Consortium physician but Hospital MCEP terminate cardiac arrest
Any pt with a CPAP should be transported to what kind of facility? - ANS Core facility
What is the CCT and what do they do? - ANS Critical Care Team and they rendezvous for life-
saving interventions. May be cancelled by Paramedic in charge or IC
When may resuscitation efforts be withheld? - ANS 1) rigormortis or livermortis 2) obvious
external exsanguination 3) decapitation or burned beyond recognition 4) massive opening or
penetrating trauma to the head or chest with obvious organ obstruction 5) body decomposition
6) extended down time w/ cold skin 6) DNR
What if the family does not have a DNR? - ANS BLS, obtain consensus from family, and
contact MCEP for early termination
What forms must the family have to discontinue CPR? - ANS DNR or MIST (New Mexico
Medical Orders for Scope of Treatment"
What can be forms of an alternative DNR? - ANS "Living Will", or "Advanced Directive" will
be followed, will be administered, and judged appropriate by the Paramedic
How long is expected for the complete turnover at the hospital? - ANS 20 minutes of ED
arrival or when EMS run report is complete
2|P a g e C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 2 5 T H E B R I G H T A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
, Transport unit personnel will maintain charge of pt care at the hospital until what 4 steps are
accomplished? - ANS 1) Arrival at the hospital 2) Pt unloading 3) Moving Pt from transport
unit stretcher to hospital stretcher 4) Verbal turnover report to designated hospital personnel
Who may assume responsibility for the care, transfer, and maintenance of lines and tubes
deemed necessary at the hospital? - ANS Emergency Medicine Physician/NP/PA
How do you request a helicopter? - ANS Through Albuquerque Base
What is EMTALA? - ANS Applies to an individual comes to the hospital ER and a request is
made on the individuals behalf for examination or treatment of a medical condition
What is HCFA? - ANS "Comes to the hospitals ER" to mean the individual is on the hospitals
premises or in an ambulance owned by the hospital
All hospitals must remain open to receive pts UNLESS the hospital is what? - ANS On "Black
Divert"
What does "Black Divert" include? - ANS 1) Critical Infrastructure Failure (facility
mechanical/electrical supply failure, loss of critical imaging capabilities or treatment capabilities
2) Building structure or safety compromise (fire, active shooter, building collapse, flood)
For minors to make a decision regarding healthcare, they must be emancipated and how old? -
ANS 16 years old and be 1) married 2) divorced 3) active military 4) Legally declared
emancipated in a court of law
Does pregnancy in and of itself emancipate a minor? - ANS No, Contact MCEP and Err on the
side of transport versus cancellation
3|P a g e C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 2 5 T H E B R I G H T A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
, When a minor over the age of 16 is evaluated and is refusing further care, what should be
done? - ANS The pt can sign the liability release form as acknowledgment of evaluation and
refusal but the minor must be left in a safe environment. Utilize law enforcement and MCEP
Who may take responsibility if they assumed responsibility for the child and sign the liability
release? - ANS Specific caretakers, including a non-minor sibling or non-guardian family
member, a school bus driver, or an adult group leader (church, scouts, etc.)
Can a emancipated minor make decisions for her minor child? - ANS Yes, unless a minor
mother is not making a decision in the best interest of the child, utilize the EMS Act, MCEP, or
law enforcement. An exception is children 14-18 who have been sexually assaulted. These pts
can consent for treatment and can request parents not be contacted
What 5 things can increase mortality in traumatic brain injuries? - ANS Hypothermia,
hypotension, hypoxia, hypocapnia, and hypoglycemia
Why should you not hyperventilate a pt with TBI/head trauma? - ANS Lowers the CO2 and
causes Vasoconstriction leading to increased ICP
Which pt would you want to hyperventilate? - ANS Pts ONLY with evidence of herniation.
Short term option only used for severe head injury typically GCS less that or equal to 8 or
unresponsive
If ALS medic and fire/rescue personnel arrive on scene simultaneously, who will take
responsibility of directing pt care? - ANS Fire department medic with their equipment
Who should be notified immediately if an exposure has occurred? - ANS BC and exposure
guidelines be implemented
What is involuntary emergency transport? - ANS Good faith judgement that the person in
capable of making an informed decision about his/her own safety and is likely to suffer
disability or death
4|P a g e C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 2 5 T H E B R I G H T A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
