lOMoARcPSD|26582732
ATI MATERNAL NEWBORN NURSING STUDY GUIDE 2025
Contraception
Barrier methods
- Condoms
- Diaphragms – must be refitted for every 2 years by a provider or if you have
gained more than 15lbs or have had a full term pregnancy or a 2 nd term abortion,
you must also use spermicide with every act of sex, must remain in place for 6
hours after sex
Oral birth control
- Hormonal methods, nuva ring, patch, etc. Are contraceptive methods that have
side effects very similar to all they include; chest pain, sob, leg pain, ha,
vision problems, could mean potential blood clot or stroke, of pe, or htn.
Smokers are at higher risk. Women who smoke are not recommended to take
Oral birth control.
Contraindications include: history of blood clots, stroke, cardiac problems, or
estrogen related cancer, or if you are a smoker
***what if i miss a dose?--> the nurse should instruct the pt that if there was only 1
dose missed, take asap, if 2-3 doses missed, go by the manufactures’ instructions.
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****effectiveness decreases when taking anticonvulsants and abx.****
(any medications that affect liver enzymes).
Depo provera (injectable progestins) – can cause decrease in bone density,
loss in calcium mineral, will need adequate calcium and vitamin d to protect
bones.
Should only be used as a long term method of birth method.
Iud’s – intrauterine devices
• Can increase risk for pelvic inflammatory disease, and uterine perforation,
and will increase risk of ectopic pregnancy.
• Look for change in string length, foul smelling discharge, painful intercourse,
fever, chills, etc
Female sterilization (bilateral tubal litigation salpingectomy)
Surgical procedure: consisting of severance and/ or burning or blocking the
fallopian to prevent fertilization.
Risk of ectopic pregnancy if pregnancy occurs.
Infertility – inability to conceive after trying for at least 12 months (1yr)
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-work up will be done after that, will start with male (usual 40% of time issue is
with them)
-test on female, any test that has dye ensure no shellfish allergy or iodine.
Nursing interventions:
• Any medications that are used to treat infertility may increase the risk of
multiple births by more than 25%.
• Mothers who are less than 16 years old and older than 35 years old.
Pregnancy signs-3 signs
1. Presumptive – can be explained by a reason other than pregnancy
a. Amenorrhea
b. Fatigue
c. N/v
d. Urinary frequency
e. Linea nigra
f. Cholasma (mask of pregnancy)
g. Breast changes
h. Uterine enlargement
2. Probable – signs can caused by physiological factors other than
pregnancy.
a. Abdominal enlargement
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b. Cervical changes
c. Hegar’s sign: softening of lower uterus
d. Goodell’s sign: softening of cervical tip
e. Chadwick’s sign: deepened violet bluish color of vaginal mucosa
secondary to increased vascularity of the area.
f. Braxton hicks contractions
g. Positive pregnancy test.
3. Positive – very distinct, fetal heart tones, or fetus on us, feel movement
Nageles rule – tells you when your due date is based on last menstrual cycle (just
Add 9 months and 1 week)
Gtpal
Gravidity - # of times woman has been pregnant including current pregnancy
Term births - # of pregnancies that have gone to 38wks or more
Preterm births - # of pregnancies that have gone before 38wks
Abortions or miscarriages - # of
Living children - # of
Weight gain and nutrition during pregnancy
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
ATI MATERNAL NEWBORN NURSING STUDY GUIDE 2025
Contraception
Barrier methods
- Condoms
- Diaphragms – must be refitted for every 2 years by a provider or if you have
gained more than 15lbs or have had a full term pregnancy or a 2 nd term abortion,
you must also use spermicide with every act of sex, must remain in place for 6
hours after sex
Oral birth control
- Hormonal methods, nuva ring, patch, etc. Are contraceptive methods that have
side effects very similar to all they include; chest pain, sob, leg pain, ha,
vision problems, could mean potential blood clot or stroke, of pe, or htn.
Smokers are at higher risk. Women who smoke are not recommended to take
Oral birth control.
Contraindications include: history of blood clots, stroke, cardiac problems, or
estrogen related cancer, or if you are a smoker
***what if i miss a dose?--> the nurse should instruct the pt that if there was only 1
dose missed, take asap, if 2-3 doses missed, go by the manufactures’ instructions.
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
****effectiveness decreases when taking anticonvulsants and abx.****
(any medications that affect liver enzymes).
Depo provera (injectable progestins) – can cause decrease in bone density,
loss in calcium mineral, will need adequate calcium and vitamin d to protect
bones.
Should only be used as a long term method of birth method.
Iud’s – intrauterine devices
• Can increase risk for pelvic inflammatory disease, and uterine perforation,
and will increase risk of ectopic pregnancy.
• Look for change in string length, foul smelling discharge, painful intercourse,
fever, chills, etc
Female sterilization (bilateral tubal litigation salpingectomy)
Surgical procedure: consisting of severance and/ or burning or blocking the
fallopian to prevent fertilization.
Risk of ectopic pregnancy if pregnancy occurs.
Infertility – inability to conceive after trying for at least 12 months (1yr)
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
-work up will be done after that, will start with male (usual 40% of time issue is
with them)
-test on female, any test that has dye ensure no shellfish allergy or iodine.
Nursing interventions:
• Any medications that are used to treat infertility may increase the risk of
multiple births by more than 25%.
• Mothers who are less than 16 years old and older than 35 years old.
Pregnancy signs-3 signs
1. Presumptive – can be explained by a reason other than pregnancy
a. Amenorrhea
b. Fatigue
c. N/v
d. Urinary frequency
e. Linea nigra
f. Cholasma (mask of pregnancy)
g. Breast changes
h. Uterine enlargement
2. Probable – signs can caused by physiological factors other than
pregnancy.
a. Abdominal enlargement
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
b. Cervical changes
c. Hegar’s sign: softening of lower uterus
d. Goodell’s sign: softening of cervical tip
e. Chadwick’s sign: deepened violet bluish color of vaginal mucosa
secondary to increased vascularity of the area.
f. Braxton hicks contractions
g. Positive pregnancy test.
3. Positive – very distinct, fetal heart tones, or fetus on us, feel movement
Nageles rule – tells you when your due date is based on last menstrual cycle (just
Add 9 months and 1 week)
Gtpal
Gravidity - # of times woman has been pregnant including current pregnancy
Term births - # of pregnancies that have gone to 38wks or more
Preterm births - # of pregnancies that have gone before 38wks
Abortions or miscarriages - # of
Living children - # of
Weight gain and nutrition during pregnancy
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
