Biology STAAR Review RC #1 UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
prokaryote - CORRECT ANSWER - an organism whose cell lacks a nucleus;
bacteria only
eukaryote - CORRECT ANSWER - organism possessing nucleus: animals, plants, fungi &
protists
homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER - organism regulates internal conditions (stabilizes
health and function) regardless of outside changing conditions; ex: sweating or shivering
chloroplast - CORRECT ANSWER - energy-conversion organelle found in plants;
converts solar energy to chemical energy
mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER - energy-conversion organelle; changes food-energy
into chemical energy
lysosome - CORRECT ANSWER - organelle that digests worn-out, old cell parts &
wastes
vacuole - CORRECT ANSWER - organelle that stores and removes waste; larger in plant
cells
cell membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - phospholipid bilayer that separates what is
outside of the cell from what is inside the cell
endoplasmic reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER - transport of molecules within the cell
, ribosome - CORRECT ANSWER - organelle that makes proteins
Golgi body - CORRECT ANSWER - synthesis of molecules - repackaging proteins for
different uses
virus - CORRECT ANSWER - infectious agent that is unable to grow or reproduce on its
own; non-cellular but has a core of DNA or RNA
lytic infection - CORRECT ANSWER - viral inflection which IMMEDIATELY makes
host sick by destroying cells
lysogenic infection - CORRECT ANSWER - viral DISEASE which remains DORMANT
for a time and causes no symptoms
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) - CORRECT ANSWER - destroys a special white
blood cell known as a Helper T cell & can cause Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
(AIDS)
Influenza - CORRECT ANSWER - viral disease caused by airborne transmission; attacks
respiratory epithelial cells; vaccines lower probability of contracting virus
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) - CORRECT ANSWER - double stranded nucleic acid
found in the nucleus; provides instructions for making protein; provides hereditary information
ribonucleic acid (RNA) - CORRECT ANSWER - single strand nucleic acid made during
transcription to provide template for making proteins at ribosome during translation
interphase - CORRECT ANSWER - longest stage of the cell cycle; growth stage
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
prokaryote - CORRECT ANSWER - an organism whose cell lacks a nucleus;
bacteria only
eukaryote - CORRECT ANSWER - organism possessing nucleus: animals, plants, fungi &
protists
homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER - organism regulates internal conditions (stabilizes
health and function) regardless of outside changing conditions; ex: sweating or shivering
chloroplast - CORRECT ANSWER - energy-conversion organelle found in plants;
converts solar energy to chemical energy
mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER - energy-conversion organelle; changes food-energy
into chemical energy
lysosome - CORRECT ANSWER - organelle that digests worn-out, old cell parts &
wastes
vacuole - CORRECT ANSWER - organelle that stores and removes waste; larger in plant
cells
cell membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - phospholipid bilayer that separates what is
outside of the cell from what is inside the cell
endoplasmic reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER - transport of molecules within the cell
, ribosome - CORRECT ANSWER - organelle that makes proteins
Golgi body - CORRECT ANSWER - synthesis of molecules - repackaging proteins for
different uses
virus - CORRECT ANSWER - infectious agent that is unable to grow or reproduce on its
own; non-cellular but has a core of DNA or RNA
lytic infection - CORRECT ANSWER - viral inflection which IMMEDIATELY makes
host sick by destroying cells
lysogenic infection - CORRECT ANSWER - viral DISEASE which remains DORMANT
for a time and causes no symptoms
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) - CORRECT ANSWER - destroys a special white
blood cell known as a Helper T cell & can cause Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
(AIDS)
Influenza - CORRECT ANSWER - viral disease caused by airborne transmission; attacks
respiratory epithelial cells; vaccines lower probability of contracting virus
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) - CORRECT ANSWER - double stranded nucleic acid
found in the nucleus; provides instructions for making protein; provides hereditary information
ribonucleic acid (RNA) - CORRECT ANSWER - single strand nucleic acid made during
transcription to provide template for making proteins at ribosome during translation
interphase - CORRECT ANSWER - longest stage of the cell cycle; growth stage
