WCU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAMS SCRIPT 2025/2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔Uncontrolled massive bleeding causes what type of shock? - ✔✔Hypovolemic
✔✔Which is a modifiable risk factor for prevention of atherosclerosis? - ✔✔Smoking
✔✔Which term is used to describe the deficiency in circulating platelets? -
✔✔Thrombocytopenia
✔✔Necrosis is the result of cellular injury that does not allow for cellular adaptation
because it is which of the following? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔-Too severe
-Too prolonged
-A result of a disrupted blood supply
✔✔Which is a major determinant of diastolic blood pressure? - ✔✔Vascular resistance
✔✔Which type of hypersensitivity response is mediated by T cells? -
✔✔Hypersensitivity type IV
✔✔Which type of cellular adaptation is most likely to occur as the result of chronic
ischemia to a region? - ✔✔Atrophy
✔✔Which statement is true regarding asthma? - ✔✔Airway inflammation
✔✔Which clinical manifestation differentiates myocardial infarction (MI) from angina
pectoris? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔-Radiating chest pain
-ST-segment changes on the ECG
-Elevated serum levels of troponin
✔✔Which cell is from myeloid lineage? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔-Platelets
-Monocytes
-Granulocytes
✔✔Signs and symptoms of a disease first occur during the - ✔✔Prodromal period
✔✔Which describes a pathologic manifestation of neurogenic shock? - ✔✔Loss of
sympathetic activation of arteriolar smooth muscle
✔✔Which condition occurs in the presence of cellular damage? - ✔✔Sodium and water
move into the cell.
,✔✔Which statement is true about disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)? - ✔✔It
is both a bleeding and clotting disorder.
✔✔It is true that acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) is - ✔✔Primarily diagnosed in children
✔✔Which term means the cause of the disease ? - ✔✔Etiology
✔✔Which condition may result in chronic pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular
hypertrophy, and right-sided heart failure? - ✔✔Mitral Valve Stenosis
✔✔In muscle hypertrophy, the hypertrophied cells increase in - ✔✔Size
✔✔Which statement is true regarding cystic fibrosis? - ✔✔It is the most common
genetic disease in the United States.
✔✔A patient with heart failure reports awakening intermittently with shortness of breath.
Which terms appropriately describe this clinical manifestation? - ✔✔Paroxysmal
nocturnal
✔✔The condition associated with hypoxemia as a result of lung disease or living at high
altitudes is called - ✔✔Secondary polycythemia
✔✔Risk factors for the development of high blood pressure are which of the following?
(Select all that apply.) - ✔✔-Age
-Race
-Diet
-Weight
✔✔Which term is used to describe the histologic characterization of tumor cells? -
✔✔Grading
✔✔Which statement regarding chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a true statement? -
✔✔Affected persons carry philadelphia chromosome
✔✔Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by which of the following? (Select
all that apply.) - ✔✔-Elevated granulocyte count
-Abdominal discomfort
-Weight loss
✔✔Which term best describes a condition that presents with the symptoms of
petechiae, easy bruising, bleeding gums, occult hematuria, or retinal hemorrhages? -
✔✔Thrombocytopenia
, ✔✔What gene is associated with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)? - ✔✔BCR/ABL
✔✔Clinical manifestations of hypocalcemia include which of the following? (Select all
that apply.) - ✔✔-Positive trousseau sign
-Positive chvostek sign
-Hyperactive reflexes
-Muscle twitching
-Paresthesias
✔✔A skin assessment of the legs of a client diagnosed with chronic venous
insufficiency would show which of the following? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔-Reddish
pigmented areas
-Reports of legs cramping
-Edema increasing as the day progresses
-An ulcer on the ankle of the affected leg
✔✔When a patient receives bone marrow from a closely matched relative, it is referred
to as what type of transplant? - ✔✔Allogenic
✔✔High blood pressure can be treated with lifestyle modification related to which of the
following? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔-Decreased sodium intake
-Relaxation techniques
-Weight management
-Exercise
✔✔The role of the circulatory system is to do which of the following? (Select all that
apply.) - ✔✔-Transport O2 and nutrients throughout the body
-Remove waste products found within the body
✔✔What stage is defined by "fight or flight"? - ✔✔Alarm
✔✔Which best defines systolic blood pressure? - ✔✔Occurs during ventricular
contraction.
✔✔Which hormone is responsible for lactation and interferes with ovulation? -
✔✔Prolactin
✔✔What is the underlying problem common among all types of shock? - ✔✔Inadequate
cellular oxygenation
✔✔The primary cause of sudden cardiac death is usually due to - ✔✔Ventricular
dysrhythmia
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔Uncontrolled massive bleeding causes what type of shock? - ✔✔Hypovolemic
✔✔Which is a modifiable risk factor for prevention of atherosclerosis? - ✔✔Smoking
✔✔Which term is used to describe the deficiency in circulating platelets? -
✔✔Thrombocytopenia
✔✔Necrosis is the result of cellular injury that does not allow for cellular adaptation
because it is which of the following? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔-Too severe
-Too prolonged
-A result of a disrupted blood supply
✔✔Which is a major determinant of diastolic blood pressure? - ✔✔Vascular resistance
✔✔Which type of hypersensitivity response is mediated by T cells? -
✔✔Hypersensitivity type IV
✔✔Which type of cellular adaptation is most likely to occur as the result of chronic
ischemia to a region? - ✔✔Atrophy
✔✔Which statement is true regarding asthma? - ✔✔Airway inflammation
✔✔Which clinical manifestation differentiates myocardial infarction (MI) from angina
pectoris? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔-Radiating chest pain
-ST-segment changes on the ECG
-Elevated serum levels of troponin
✔✔Which cell is from myeloid lineage? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔-Platelets
-Monocytes
-Granulocytes
✔✔Signs and symptoms of a disease first occur during the - ✔✔Prodromal period
✔✔Which describes a pathologic manifestation of neurogenic shock? - ✔✔Loss of
sympathetic activation of arteriolar smooth muscle
✔✔Which condition occurs in the presence of cellular damage? - ✔✔Sodium and water
move into the cell.
,✔✔Which statement is true about disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)? - ✔✔It
is both a bleeding and clotting disorder.
✔✔It is true that acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) is - ✔✔Primarily diagnosed in children
✔✔Which term means the cause of the disease ? - ✔✔Etiology
✔✔Which condition may result in chronic pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular
hypertrophy, and right-sided heart failure? - ✔✔Mitral Valve Stenosis
✔✔In muscle hypertrophy, the hypertrophied cells increase in - ✔✔Size
✔✔Which statement is true regarding cystic fibrosis? - ✔✔It is the most common
genetic disease in the United States.
✔✔A patient with heart failure reports awakening intermittently with shortness of breath.
Which terms appropriately describe this clinical manifestation? - ✔✔Paroxysmal
nocturnal
✔✔The condition associated with hypoxemia as a result of lung disease or living at high
altitudes is called - ✔✔Secondary polycythemia
✔✔Risk factors for the development of high blood pressure are which of the following?
(Select all that apply.) - ✔✔-Age
-Race
-Diet
-Weight
✔✔Which term is used to describe the histologic characterization of tumor cells? -
✔✔Grading
✔✔Which statement regarding chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a true statement? -
✔✔Affected persons carry philadelphia chromosome
✔✔Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by which of the following? (Select
all that apply.) - ✔✔-Elevated granulocyte count
-Abdominal discomfort
-Weight loss
✔✔Which term best describes a condition that presents with the symptoms of
petechiae, easy bruising, bleeding gums, occult hematuria, or retinal hemorrhages? -
✔✔Thrombocytopenia
, ✔✔What gene is associated with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)? - ✔✔BCR/ABL
✔✔Clinical manifestations of hypocalcemia include which of the following? (Select all
that apply.) - ✔✔-Positive trousseau sign
-Positive chvostek sign
-Hyperactive reflexes
-Muscle twitching
-Paresthesias
✔✔A skin assessment of the legs of a client diagnosed with chronic venous
insufficiency would show which of the following? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔-Reddish
pigmented areas
-Reports of legs cramping
-Edema increasing as the day progresses
-An ulcer on the ankle of the affected leg
✔✔When a patient receives bone marrow from a closely matched relative, it is referred
to as what type of transplant? - ✔✔Allogenic
✔✔High blood pressure can be treated with lifestyle modification related to which of the
following? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔-Decreased sodium intake
-Relaxation techniques
-Weight management
-Exercise
✔✔The role of the circulatory system is to do which of the following? (Select all that
apply.) - ✔✔-Transport O2 and nutrients throughout the body
-Remove waste products found within the body
✔✔What stage is defined by "fight or flight"? - ✔✔Alarm
✔✔Which best defines systolic blood pressure? - ✔✔Occurs during ventricular
contraction.
✔✔Which hormone is responsible for lactation and interferes with ovulation? -
✔✔Prolactin
✔✔What is the underlying problem common among all types of shock? - ✔✔Inadequate
cellular oxygenation
✔✔The primary cause of sudden cardiac death is usually due to - ✔✔Ventricular
dysrhythmia
