Lab Quiz: Genetics BIOL 1124 Final Exam Questions And Correct Answers.

Who is Gregor Mendel - Answer Father of genetics, formulated the basic laws of genetics (everything in this quizlet set) using pea plants in his garden alleles - Answer two alternate forms of a gene on chromosomes for each trait in their body cells alleles exist because each person gets 2 copies of every chromosome (homologous pairs) homozygous dominant - Answer Two dominant alleles (AA) homozygous recessive - Answer Two recessive alleles (aa) heterozygous - Answer one dominant and one recessive allele (Aa) genotype - Answer refers to an individual's genes 3 possible genotypes: AA, Aa, or aa we do not know genotype based on appearance! phenotype - Answer refers to an individual's appearance Punnett Square - Answer probability calculator named after the man who first used them, allows you to easily determine the results of a cross between individuals whose genotypes are known monohybrid cross - Answer reproduction between two heterozygous individuals 4 possible zygotes phenotypic ratio is 3:1 (dominant: recessive) genotypic ratio is 1:2:1 (homozygous dominant: heterozygous: homozygous recessive) Law of Segregation - Answer Each organism contains two alleles for each trait, and the alleles segregate during meiosis. Each gamete then contains only one allele for each trait (gene). When fertilization occurs, the new organism has two alleles for each trait, one from each parent. gene keys - Answer letters (A or a) used to represent a gene