Bio 1124 Unit 3 Midterm Exam Questions
With Solved Solutions 2025.
1. What are the four steps in animal food processing? - Answer Ingestion, digestion,
absorption, egestion (defecate poo)
2. How do animals acquire food energy from their environment? - Answer eating plants-
herbivore, animals- carnivore, both- omnivore
3. What does food do for an animal like you, exactly? - Answer energy, essential nutrients,
building block of molecules
4. What are the categories of essential nutrients? - Answer 20 Amino acids (9 essential), fatty
acids (omega 3 and 6 essential fatty acids), vitamins(water-constantly eatin and fat soluble-
stored in fat, a d e k ), minerals
5. What is a vitamin? - Answer Organic nutrients the serve as coenzyme for many metabolic
and biosynthetic reactions
What is a mineral? - Answer Inorganic ions required by animals for normal functioning of cells
6. Why are some amino acids and fatty acids 'essential'? - Answer they come from food, your
body requires them for life (9 essential, 11 non essential)
7. What is micronutrient malnutrition and what are a few effects of this? - Answer Rash,
nausea, mental disorders, anemia, GI, weight issues, nervous system issues, Scurvy, Rickets,
muscle atrophy
1. What is energy and what are the two main forms of energy? - Answer Kinetic -movement
and potential- structure or location
2. What is metabolism? (What sorts of reactions are included?) - Answer all chemical reactions
within an organism/cells (anabolic -endogonic and catabolic -exergonic)
, 5. What other law we discussed says that the food you eat will not be converted 100% into
energy available to you? - Answer 2nd law of thermo dynamics, entropy- systems tent to
become disorganized over time,
**2nd law of thermo dynamics, entropy- systems tent to become disorganized over time, -
Answer To increase the internal energy of the system, entropy (disorder). / Example from the
board in class: How does this law account for there being fewer predators than prey animals in
ecosystems?
Pg 123
7. Energy changes in chemical reactions can be measured in Gibbs Energy, symbolized by 'G'.
What is the change (delta) G value for a reaction that gives off heat? - Answer Symbol
indicates change. Gives off heat is exergonic (out), -, spontaneous
8. What is the G value (+,-) if the reaction requires energy in order to occur? What molecule is
most likely to provide this needed energy? - Answer ATP pay for Endergonic (anabolic) (in)+,
not spontaneous
9. What are the terms for these two kinds of G relationships? - Answer Exergonic, endergonic
10. Do enzymes (reduces energy to get reaction going) change the G value (-,+) of reactions? -
Answer no
11. What category of molecule is an enzyme? - Answer Proteins, sometimes RNA
12. What is the name for the location on an enzyme where reactants attach? - Answer Active
site
13. What is the name for the location on an enzyme where reactants attach? Active site. What's
the proper name for its reactant(s)? - Answer substrate
14. When connected, reactants and their enzyme change shaped (what's this called?) - Answer
induced fit (lowers activation energy)
With Solved Solutions 2025.
1. What are the four steps in animal food processing? - Answer Ingestion, digestion,
absorption, egestion (defecate poo)
2. How do animals acquire food energy from their environment? - Answer eating plants-
herbivore, animals- carnivore, both- omnivore
3. What does food do for an animal like you, exactly? - Answer energy, essential nutrients,
building block of molecules
4. What are the categories of essential nutrients? - Answer 20 Amino acids (9 essential), fatty
acids (omega 3 and 6 essential fatty acids), vitamins(water-constantly eatin and fat soluble-
stored in fat, a d e k ), minerals
5. What is a vitamin? - Answer Organic nutrients the serve as coenzyme for many metabolic
and biosynthetic reactions
What is a mineral? - Answer Inorganic ions required by animals for normal functioning of cells
6. Why are some amino acids and fatty acids 'essential'? - Answer they come from food, your
body requires them for life (9 essential, 11 non essential)
7. What is micronutrient malnutrition and what are a few effects of this? - Answer Rash,
nausea, mental disorders, anemia, GI, weight issues, nervous system issues, Scurvy, Rickets,
muscle atrophy
1. What is energy and what are the two main forms of energy? - Answer Kinetic -movement
and potential- structure or location
2. What is metabolism? (What sorts of reactions are included?) - Answer all chemical reactions
within an organism/cells (anabolic -endogonic and catabolic -exergonic)
, 5. What other law we discussed says that the food you eat will not be converted 100% into
energy available to you? - Answer 2nd law of thermo dynamics, entropy- systems tent to
become disorganized over time,
**2nd law of thermo dynamics, entropy- systems tent to become disorganized over time, -
Answer To increase the internal energy of the system, entropy (disorder). / Example from the
board in class: How does this law account for there being fewer predators than prey animals in
ecosystems?
Pg 123
7. Energy changes in chemical reactions can be measured in Gibbs Energy, symbolized by 'G'.
What is the change (delta) G value for a reaction that gives off heat? - Answer Symbol
indicates change. Gives off heat is exergonic (out), -, spontaneous
8. What is the G value (+,-) if the reaction requires energy in order to occur? What molecule is
most likely to provide this needed energy? - Answer ATP pay for Endergonic (anabolic) (in)+,
not spontaneous
9. What are the terms for these two kinds of G relationships? - Answer Exergonic, endergonic
10. Do enzymes (reduces energy to get reaction going) change the G value (-,+) of reactions? -
Answer no
11. What category of molecule is an enzyme? - Answer Proteins, sometimes RNA
12. What is the name for the location on an enzyme where reactants attach? - Answer Active
site
13. What is the name for the location on an enzyme where reactants attach? Active site. What's
the proper name for its reactant(s)? - Answer substrate
14. When connected, reactants and their enzyme change shaped (what's this called?) - Answer
induced fit (lowers activation energy)
