MS 1 final USAHS Exam ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
When a joint is referred to as ____________, it means the motion at that joint is limited.
There are many factors that can contribute to restricted motion, such as pain,
musculotendinous unit dysfunction, bony block, postural malalignment, and effusion. -
CORRECT ANSWER hypomobile
A ________________ refers to the adaptive shortening of the soft tissue structures that
surround a joint. This causes limited passive and active range of motion. - CORRECT
ANSWER contracture
______________ contracture: the adaptive shortening of the musculotendinous unit and a
significant loss of ROM without a specific muscle pathology. These types of contractures can
typically be resolved by stretching exercises within a short period of time. - CORRECT
ANSWER Myostatic
_______________ contracture: This can be caused by hypertonicity due to a central nervous
system lesion, such as a spinal cord injury or traumatic brain injury. It can also be caused by
muscle guarding or spasm. - CORRECT ANSWER Pseudomyostatic
______________ and _____________ contracture: This can result from adhesions, effusion,
osteophytes, or other intra-articular pathology. - CORRECT ANSWER Arthrogenic
and periarticular
__________ contracture and irreversible contracture: This can result from fibrous changes
within the connective tissue of muscle that cause soft tissue structures to adhere to other
structures. When normal muscle and connective tissue is replaced by large amounts of
fibrotic tissue, such as scar tissue, soft tissue extensibility may not be able to be regained
through even surgical interventions. If a fibrotic contracture goes untreated for a long period
of time, it may become irreversible. - CORRECT ANSWER Fibrotic
_______________ - stretching of a joint well beyond its normal length of muscle and the
ROM of the joint and surrounding soft tissues - can lead to hypermobility - CORRECT
ANSWER Overstretching
, _____________ - excessive mobility that can cause detrimental joint instability if the
supporting structures of the muscle control of the joint cannot keep it in stable position during
activities - this may lead to an increased risk of injuries - CORRECT
ANSWER Hypermobility
__________ is the ability of the tissue or structure to permanently change its shape or
lengthen in the presence of a load. - CORRECT ANSWER Plasticity
Structures are stiffer at ________ speeds of force application, prevent adequate viscous
deformation and lengthening to take place thus the structure is stiffer and will snap more
readily. It can also be thought of as the ratio of stress ( force) to strain ( elongation) within the
elastic material. - CORRECT ANSWER Hgih
___________ is an important aspect of injury prevention and rehab. A certain amount of
muscle length is necessary for optimal length-tension relationships during normal activities of
daily living. Changes in these relationships may increase the risk of injury. - CORRECT
ANSWER Flexibility (reduced flexibility has been associated with a greater risk of LE
musculotendinous injuries in sports. Additionally, flexibility is an important component of
rehab because limited ROM may limit a patient's ability to perform functional activities like
descending stairs or performing a basic sit-to-stand.)
What are the six main components of the stress strain curve? - CORRECT
ANSWER toe region, elastic region, elastic limit, plastic region, necking, failure
The ________ region is where most of our daily functional activities occur within the stress-
strain curve. This region is where the connective tissue is slightly wavy due to the matrix
being at rest and as minimal amounts of stress occurs in the tissue it causes it to straighten out
and aligning the fibers. - CORRECT ANSWER Toe
____________ region is where creep can occur due to the increase in the stress and strain in
the tissue due to increase in strain in the tissues and the water that releases after prolonged
stress. In this region there is a correlation between stress and strain on the connective tissue.
For example, muscle tissue has a smaller rise in strain compared to bone due to the lack of
stiffness compared to the bone which has high stiffness allowing more strain than the muscle.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
When a joint is referred to as ____________, it means the motion at that joint is limited.
There are many factors that can contribute to restricted motion, such as pain,
musculotendinous unit dysfunction, bony block, postural malalignment, and effusion. -
CORRECT ANSWER hypomobile
A ________________ refers to the adaptive shortening of the soft tissue structures that
surround a joint. This causes limited passive and active range of motion. - CORRECT
ANSWER contracture
______________ contracture: the adaptive shortening of the musculotendinous unit and a
significant loss of ROM without a specific muscle pathology. These types of contractures can
typically be resolved by stretching exercises within a short period of time. - CORRECT
ANSWER Myostatic
_______________ contracture: This can be caused by hypertonicity due to a central nervous
system lesion, such as a spinal cord injury or traumatic brain injury. It can also be caused by
muscle guarding or spasm. - CORRECT ANSWER Pseudomyostatic
______________ and _____________ contracture: This can result from adhesions, effusion,
osteophytes, or other intra-articular pathology. - CORRECT ANSWER Arthrogenic
and periarticular
__________ contracture and irreversible contracture: This can result from fibrous changes
within the connective tissue of muscle that cause soft tissue structures to adhere to other
structures. When normal muscle and connective tissue is replaced by large amounts of
fibrotic tissue, such as scar tissue, soft tissue extensibility may not be able to be regained
through even surgical interventions. If a fibrotic contracture goes untreated for a long period
of time, it may become irreversible. - CORRECT ANSWER Fibrotic
_______________ - stretching of a joint well beyond its normal length of muscle and the
ROM of the joint and surrounding soft tissues - can lead to hypermobility - CORRECT
ANSWER Overstretching
, _____________ - excessive mobility that can cause detrimental joint instability if the
supporting structures of the muscle control of the joint cannot keep it in stable position during
activities - this may lead to an increased risk of injuries - CORRECT
ANSWER Hypermobility
__________ is the ability of the tissue or structure to permanently change its shape or
lengthen in the presence of a load. - CORRECT ANSWER Plasticity
Structures are stiffer at ________ speeds of force application, prevent adequate viscous
deformation and lengthening to take place thus the structure is stiffer and will snap more
readily. It can also be thought of as the ratio of stress ( force) to strain ( elongation) within the
elastic material. - CORRECT ANSWER Hgih
___________ is an important aspect of injury prevention and rehab. A certain amount of
muscle length is necessary for optimal length-tension relationships during normal activities of
daily living. Changes in these relationships may increase the risk of injury. - CORRECT
ANSWER Flexibility (reduced flexibility has been associated with a greater risk of LE
musculotendinous injuries in sports. Additionally, flexibility is an important component of
rehab because limited ROM may limit a patient's ability to perform functional activities like
descending stairs or performing a basic sit-to-stand.)
What are the six main components of the stress strain curve? - CORRECT
ANSWER toe region, elastic region, elastic limit, plastic region, necking, failure
The ________ region is where most of our daily functional activities occur within the stress-
strain curve. This region is where the connective tissue is slightly wavy due to the matrix
being at rest and as minimal amounts of stress occurs in the tissue it causes it to straighten out
and aligning the fibers. - CORRECT ANSWER Toe
____________ region is where creep can occur due to the increase in the stress and strain in
the tissue due to increase in strain in the tissues and the water that releases after prolonged
stress. In this region there is a correlation between stress and strain on the connective tissue.
For example, muscle tissue has a smaller rise in strain compared to bone due to the lack of
stiffness compared to the bone which has high stiffness allowing more strain than the muscle.
