NR 416 Midterm Exam Questions with
complete Solutions 2025/2026 A+ Verified.
3 main components of EIA
1) Description of the affected environment (existing conditions)
2) Prediction of impacts
3) Impact management
3 main components of EIA: Description of the affected environment
characterized the existing or baseline conditions upon which the proposed project will be
imposed
3 main components of EIA: Prediction of impacts
determination of how the existing conditions of each environmental resource will be changed or
impacted by the implementation of the proposed project
3 main components of EIA: Impact mitigation
measures designed to mitigate the impacts of the proposed project through avoidance,
minimization, reduction, or elimination (over time), rectification, and/or compensation
What is "the environment"?
3 components: Natural, built, and human health
The natural environment
- water: hydrology, water quality, supply
- air supply
- biological: wildlife, plants, habitats
- geology, soils, geologic hazards
- minerals
- visual, scenic, aesthetic resources
The built environment
- traffic/transportation
,- noise
- historical/cultural resources
- agriculture
- land use conflicts
- recreation
- population/housing
- utilities/public services
Human health environment
- damage from natural disasters
- risk of exposure to hazardous materials, wastes, and/or activities
- risk of contracting diseases
Land use permitting process: Property rights
What does it take to develop a project on a piece of land that I own?
*Physical nature of property*:
- soil, water, air, minerals, trees, etc.
*Use development*
*Social relationships*:
- right to sell
- right to access/enter
- right to give it away
Land use permitting process: Private applicant
1) Applicant and applicant team
a. project proponent
b. environment consultant
c. architect
d. engineer
2) Lead agency
3) Responsible agencies
, 4) Trustee agencies
5) The public
6) State clearinghouse
7) Lead agency decisionmakers
8) The courts
9) Resource agencies (federal/state/regional)
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
- signed into law January 1, 1970
- stands in stark contrast to other 70s/80s environmental legislation
Purposes: (short, simple, and comprehensive)
1. To declare a national policy which will encourage productive and enjoyable harmony between
man and his environment
2. To promote efforts which will prevent or eliminate damage to the environment and biosphere
and stimulate the health and welfare of man
3. To enrich the understanding of the ecological systems and natural resources important to the
nation
4. To establish the Council on Environmental Quality
*Require environmental impact analysis*
The Perfect Storm
By the 1960s the full effects of the industrial revolution and the post war, post depression
engineering boom were making themselves known
- quality of life issues
- climate of social activism
- major environmental disasters
- scientific advances
complete Solutions 2025/2026 A+ Verified.
3 main components of EIA
1) Description of the affected environment (existing conditions)
2) Prediction of impacts
3) Impact management
3 main components of EIA: Description of the affected environment
characterized the existing or baseline conditions upon which the proposed project will be
imposed
3 main components of EIA: Prediction of impacts
determination of how the existing conditions of each environmental resource will be changed or
impacted by the implementation of the proposed project
3 main components of EIA: Impact mitigation
measures designed to mitigate the impacts of the proposed project through avoidance,
minimization, reduction, or elimination (over time), rectification, and/or compensation
What is "the environment"?
3 components: Natural, built, and human health
The natural environment
- water: hydrology, water quality, supply
- air supply
- biological: wildlife, plants, habitats
- geology, soils, geologic hazards
- minerals
- visual, scenic, aesthetic resources
The built environment
- traffic/transportation
,- noise
- historical/cultural resources
- agriculture
- land use conflicts
- recreation
- population/housing
- utilities/public services
Human health environment
- damage from natural disasters
- risk of exposure to hazardous materials, wastes, and/or activities
- risk of contracting diseases
Land use permitting process: Property rights
What does it take to develop a project on a piece of land that I own?
*Physical nature of property*:
- soil, water, air, minerals, trees, etc.
*Use development*
*Social relationships*:
- right to sell
- right to access/enter
- right to give it away
Land use permitting process: Private applicant
1) Applicant and applicant team
a. project proponent
b. environment consultant
c. architect
d. engineer
2) Lead agency
3) Responsible agencies
, 4) Trustee agencies
5) The public
6) State clearinghouse
7) Lead agency decisionmakers
8) The courts
9) Resource agencies (federal/state/regional)
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
- signed into law January 1, 1970
- stands in stark contrast to other 70s/80s environmental legislation
Purposes: (short, simple, and comprehensive)
1. To declare a national policy which will encourage productive and enjoyable harmony between
man and his environment
2. To promote efforts which will prevent or eliminate damage to the environment and biosphere
and stimulate the health and welfare of man
3. To enrich the understanding of the ecological systems and natural resources important to the
nation
4. To establish the Council on Environmental Quality
*Require environmental impact analysis*
The Perfect Storm
By the 1960s the full effects of the industrial revolution and the post war, post depression
engineering boom were making themselves known
- quality of life issues
- climate of social activism
- major environmental disasters
- scientific advances
