NSG 555 - GI/GU Actual Exam Questions With
Reviewed 100% Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!Current Update
(Verified Pass)
1. Oropharyngeal vs esophageal dysphagia - ANSWER Oropharyngeal -
more likely to liquids, often neurologic or muscular. Do a cine-esophagram
2. Esophageal - more likely to solids, often obstructive. Motility disorders often
dysphagia to both (achalasia, scleroderma, esophageal spasm)
3. Do barium swallow followed by manometry, endoscopy, and or pH
monitoring
4. 3 phases of swallowing - ANSWER oral, pharyngeal and esophageal.
5. What cranial nerves are involved in chewing - ANSWER V (trigeminal) VII
(Facial) IX (gloassopharyngeal, XII (hypoglossal)
6. Clinical presentation pharyngeal dysphagia - ANSWER weak/poor
coordination of pharyngeal muscles-->delayed swallowing, failure of airway
protection, regurge, residue in pharynx-->coughing
,7. Meds that contributed to dysphagia - ANSWER Mucosal injury:
fosamax, tetracycline, NSAIDs, KCl, Irone
Dec. lower esophageal sphincter pressure: theophylline, nitrates, CCB, BB, HRT,
anticholinergic
8. Scale for dysphagia - ANSWER EAT-10 Basically asking if there is trouble
swallowing
9. Cranial nerve 1 - ANSWER Olfactory
10. Cranial nerves in order - ANSWER olfactory, optic, oculomotor,
trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal,
vagus, accessory, hypoglossal
11. Cranial nerve IV testing - ANSWER Assess EOM.
12. Testing cranial nerves III, IV, VI - ANSWER oculomotor, abducens,
trochlear: 6 cardinal fields test, assess for nystagmus, check pupils for size
and regularity
13. Testing cranial nerve V - ANSWER trigeminal: clench jaw and pull down
on chin. cotton ball bilaterally on face
14. Testing cranial nerve VII - ANSWER facial nerve: have patient smile,
frown, puff cheeks, raise eyebrows
,15.Testing cranial nerve VIII - ANSWER whispered voice test
16. Testing cranial nerve IX - ANSWER glossopharyngeal: swallow sip of
water
17. Vagus nerve testing - ANSWER (cranial nerve X) swallow, say "ah", gag
reflex
18. Testing cranial nerve XI - ANSWER accessory nerve: examine
sternomastoid and trapezius muscles for equal size. check for equal
strength
19. Testing cranial nerve XII - ANSWER hypoglossal: inspect tongue, note
forward thrust in midline as person protrudes tongue. have pt repeat "light,
tight, dynamite"
20.Diagnostics for dysphagia - ANSWER check Cranial nerves, mental
status,
GOLD STANDARD: swallow study with videofluoroscopy or MBS
21.Differential dx dysphagia - ANSWER if fever, sore throat, neck
stiffness/swelling, obstruction, etc. rule those things out.
If risk of perforation no MBS!
, 22.Management of dysphagia - ANSWER refer to gastroenterology, can be
tx with surgery or dilation. possibly neuro referral if neurogenic.
common in meds: antidepressants, antipsychotics, antidementia meds
ACEI, BB seem to improve swallowing safety/speed, so does capsaicin and
piperine
Change to thickened liquides if needed.
ST for swallow maneuver or postural adjustments
23.gastritis and GI bleed usually caused by - ANSWER H. pylori
Gram negative bacteria
24.NSAIDS cause GI bleeding how? - ANSWER inhibit cyclooxygenease so
decrease the synthesis of prostaglandins
25.bacterial causes of blood diarrhea - ANSWER campylobacter,
salmonella, shigella
26.hematochezia - ANSWER bright red to mahogany colored blood from
rectum
Reviewed 100% Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!Current Update
(Verified Pass)
1. Oropharyngeal vs esophageal dysphagia - ANSWER Oropharyngeal -
more likely to liquids, often neurologic or muscular. Do a cine-esophagram
2. Esophageal - more likely to solids, often obstructive. Motility disorders often
dysphagia to both (achalasia, scleroderma, esophageal spasm)
3. Do barium swallow followed by manometry, endoscopy, and or pH
monitoring
4. 3 phases of swallowing - ANSWER oral, pharyngeal and esophageal.
5. What cranial nerves are involved in chewing - ANSWER V (trigeminal) VII
(Facial) IX (gloassopharyngeal, XII (hypoglossal)
6. Clinical presentation pharyngeal dysphagia - ANSWER weak/poor
coordination of pharyngeal muscles-->delayed swallowing, failure of airway
protection, regurge, residue in pharynx-->coughing
,7. Meds that contributed to dysphagia - ANSWER Mucosal injury:
fosamax, tetracycline, NSAIDs, KCl, Irone
Dec. lower esophageal sphincter pressure: theophylline, nitrates, CCB, BB, HRT,
anticholinergic
8. Scale for dysphagia - ANSWER EAT-10 Basically asking if there is trouble
swallowing
9. Cranial nerve 1 - ANSWER Olfactory
10. Cranial nerves in order - ANSWER olfactory, optic, oculomotor,
trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal,
vagus, accessory, hypoglossal
11. Cranial nerve IV testing - ANSWER Assess EOM.
12. Testing cranial nerves III, IV, VI - ANSWER oculomotor, abducens,
trochlear: 6 cardinal fields test, assess for nystagmus, check pupils for size
and regularity
13. Testing cranial nerve V - ANSWER trigeminal: clench jaw and pull down
on chin. cotton ball bilaterally on face
14. Testing cranial nerve VII - ANSWER facial nerve: have patient smile,
frown, puff cheeks, raise eyebrows
,15.Testing cranial nerve VIII - ANSWER whispered voice test
16. Testing cranial nerve IX - ANSWER glossopharyngeal: swallow sip of
water
17. Vagus nerve testing - ANSWER (cranial nerve X) swallow, say "ah", gag
reflex
18. Testing cranial nerve XI - ANSWER accessory nerve: examine
sternomastoid and trapezius muscles for equal size. check for equal
strength
19. Testing cranial nerve XII - ANSWER hypoglossal: inspect tongue, note
forward thrust in midline as person protrudes tongue. have pt repeat "light,
tight, dynamite"
20.Diagnostics for dysphagia - ANSWER check Cranial nerves, mental
status,
GOLD STANDARD: swallow study with videofluoroscopy or MBS
21.Differential dx dysphagia - ANSWER if fever, sore throat, neck
stiffness/swelling, obstruction, etc. rule those things out.
If risk of perforation no MBS!
, 22.Management of dysphagia - ANSWER refer to gastroenterology, can be
tx with surgery or dilation. possibly neuro referral if neurogenic.
common in meds: antidepressants, antipsychotics, antidementia meds
ACEI, BB seem to improve swallowing safety/speed, so does capsaicin and
piperine
Change to thickened liquides if needed.
ST for swallow maneuver or postural adjustments
23.gastritis and GI bleed usually caused by - ANSWER H. pylori
Gram negative bacteria
24.NSAIDS cause GI bleeding how? - ANSWER inhibit cyclooxygenease so
decrease the synthesis of prostaglandins
25.bacterial causes of blood diarrhea - ANSWER campylobacter,
salmonella, shigella
26.hematochezia - ANSWER bright red to mahogany colored blood from
rectum
