BIO 202L Exam 1 Clinical Assessment Guide 2025 | Accurate Answers | Exam Ready

BIO202L Exam 1 Clinical Assessment Guide 2025 |
Accurate Answers | Exam Ready
What is an endocrine gland? - a ductless gland that secretes a substance (a hormone)
into the bloodstream

Where are endocrine glands located? - all throughout the body: the hypothalamus,
pineal gland, pituitary gland, parathyroid glands, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, heart, thymus,
adipose tissue, digestive tract, kidneys, gonads, and pancreatic islets.

What is the primary type of tissue that makes up an endocrine gland? - Epithelial tissue

What do endocrine glands do? - Endocrine glands secrete hormones that regulate sleep,
body temperature, hunger, and stress management. Help keep the body in homeostasis

How does the role of the endocrine system work within other systems? - The endocrine
system and nervous system work together to control and coordinate our body processes

Hormones have to attach to a cell by using a receptor, only affects cell that has that specific
receptor

How do hormones affect other tissues? - Hormones circulate through the bloodstream
and bind to specific receptors on target tissues

What has to occur at the target tissue for the hormones activity to be carried out? - The
target tissue must have the appropriate receptor for the hormone to attach to

How does the hypothalamus know when to secrete on of its hormones? - When the body
is out of homeostasis, the hypothalamus gets a signal to start secreting specific hormones to
bring the body back to equilibrium.

What hormones does the hypothalamus secrete? - Growth hormone releasing hormone
(GH-RH), Growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GH-IH), Thyrotropin (thyroid) releasing hormone
(TRH), Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), Prolactin releasing hormone (PRH), Prolactin
inhibiting hormone (PIH)

What hormones does the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) secrete? - Growth
hormone (GH), Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH),
Luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Prolactin (PRL), Melanocyte
stimulating hormone (MSH)

, What hormones does the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) secrete? - Oxytocin,
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

What hormones does the thyroid secrete? - Thyroid hormone (T3, T4), Calcitonin

What hormones does the parathyroid secrete? - Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

What is the thymus gland? - A gland in the upper chest - large in children, small in adults
- that produces hormones that stimulate the growth of the other lymphatic tissues and that
screens T lymphocytes for immunocompetence

What hormones does the pancreas secrete? - Insulin and Glucagon

What hormones does the adrenal cortex secrete? - Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone),
Glucocorticoids (cortisol), Androgens

What hormones does the adrenal medulla secrete? - Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

What hormones do the testes secrete? - Testosterone

What hormones do the ovaries secrete? - Estrogen

What hormones does the heart secrete? - Artial natriuretic peptide (ANP), Brain
natriuretic peptide (BNP)

What hormones does the stomach secrete? - Gastrin

What hormones does the duodenum of the small intestine secrete? - Secretin

What hormones does the small intestine secrete? - Cholecystokinin (CCK)

What hormones does adipose tissue secrete? - Leptin

What hormones does the kidney secrete? - Erythropoietin (EPO)

What is a target tissue for a hormone? - A target tissue is a tissue that a hormone is made
to influence, this target tissue must have the correct receptor in order for the hormone to
attach and work.

What is the target tissue for Growth hormone releasing hormone (GH-RH)? - Anterior
pituitary

What is the target tissue for Growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GH-IH)? - Anterior
pituitary