S-130: Wildland Firefighter Training Exam Questions And Answers

-task (what is to be done?) -purpose (why is it to be done?) -end state (how should it look when done?) - ANS What are the (3) main parts to a briefing? Incident Action Plan (IAP) - ANS the who, what, why, where, when, and how of the incident; formally documents incident objectives and reflects tactics to complete those objectives each operational period (typically 12 hours) -incident objectives -organization assignment list -division assignment -incident radio communication plan -medical plan -traffic plan -safety plan -incident map - ANS What does the IAP consist of? division= geographic area being covered group= function (e.g. wildland, ems) -both have a leader/supervisor and common communications - ANS What is the difference between a division and a group? shift briefing - ANS briefing held usually 2x a day that discusses what needs to be done individually and as a team; gives people a chance to ask questions and know their task for the day -What was planned? -What actually happened? -Why did it happen? -What can we do next time? - ANS What are the (4) questions that should be asked in the after action review (AAR)? arduous pack test - ANS 3 mile hike with 45-lb pack in 45 minutes (walk, no running); required by anyone going to the westerns states to engage in fire yearly moderate field test - ANS 2 mile hike with 25-lb pack in 30 minutes; required for all Florida Forestry Firefighters and some western fire specialty positions yearly light walk test - ANS 1 mile hike in 16 minutes with no pack; office type personnel with some field work yearly -profuse sweating and clammy skin -dry mouth; vomitting -headache; dizziness -muscle cramps; weakness -increased thirst -rapid/weak pulse -low urine volume -mental status change - ANS What are signs of dehydration? -helmet and chinstrap (with a neck protecting shroud) -eye protection -hearing protection -nomex shirt (no synthetic clothing underneath) -nomex pants -all leather gloves (or NFPA approved) -fire shelter and line pack/web gear -leather boots (no zipper type): 8" or higher with lug melt resistant sole -flashlight and helmet light (highly recommended) -water/sports drink (out west, enough for the whole day) - ANS What is the mandatory PPE on the fireline? -boots must be a minimum of 8 inches high -boots must be leather lace up style -boots must have a lug style melt-resistant sole - ANS What (3) mandatory criteria must be met according to the wildland fire boot standard? -line gear (for the fire)= a backpack meant to carry enough gear to sustain a firefighter with all that is needed for 12-16 hour operational period -personal gear (for when back at camp)=a larger bag meant to carry all necessary gear to sustain a firefighter for a 14-30 day assignment 65 lbs/6500lbs - ANS What is the difference between line gear and personal gear? crew member - ANS a basic resource used in the control and containment of any fire under the supervision of a leader hand crews - ANS a number of individuals that have been organized and trained and are supervised principally for operational assignments on an incident type I hand crew (e.g. hotshots, helitack, smokejumpers) - ANS an interagency national resource funded by fire management; standard handline production rates are higher and the physical training and conditioning expectations are much higher; full time organized crews type 2IA hand crew - ANS local agency resources used mainly for suppression responsibilities on the land for which that agency manages; can be made available to respond to incidents nationally; some are full time by can also be formed by using experienced personnel from various other resources to meet the required minimum standards given a short notice type 2 hand crews - ANS can be federal, state, local government, or a privately contracted organization; unlike type 1 and type 2IA crews, these crews generally have much lower standards to maintain; not required to be a full time organized crew but only fight fire as a crew when requested type 3 hand crews - ANS may often be a camp crew; assembly of tents, helping logistics with food, water, and ice; **generally do not fight fire** engine crew - ANS a resource that includes an engine of a specific type; the type specifies tank capacity, pump rating, hose capacity, and number of personnel; may be government or private contract -mobile attack -hose lays -support of firing operations -structure protection -suppression using both water and hand tools - ANS What are the primary uses of an engine crew? helitack crew - ANS a crew of firefighters specially trained and certified in the tactical and logistical use of helicopters for fire suppression -IA small fires -transport crews and equipment for IA fires -rappel operations -bucket drops - ANS What are the primary uses of a helitack crew? chain of command - ANS a series of management positions in order of authority crew member--squad boss--assistant supervisor--supervisor - ANS hand crew chain of command: the supervisory ratio of 3 to 7 with 5-to-1 being optimum (maintains SA, promotes safety, enhances communication, and helps maintain operational tempo) - ANS What is span of control? 1-3=fire behavior 4-6=fireline safety 7-9=organizational control 10=overall intent - ANS What are the (4) themes of the 10 standard FFing orders? -relatively small fires or deceptively quiet areas of large fires -in relatively light fuels (grasses, herbs, light brush) -unexpected shifts in wind direction or wind speed -fire responds to topographic conditions and runs uphill -#5 (not in report): suppression tools (e.g. helicopters; air tankers) can adversely modify fire behavior--flare ups -also often a failure in communications - ANS What are the (4) major common denominators of fire behavior on fatal and fatal fires? LACES (lookouts, awareness/anchor point, communications, escape routes, safety zones) - ANS the minimum level of hazard control that must be in place to engage a fire - ANS **all communications should be clearly understood and repeated back to ensure understanding**--you should never be on a fire with no communications -should always be known to all and marked ahead of time -more than one should be used when possible -always consider the terrain of the escape route and adjust escape time accordingly -update the escape routes as the event progresses - ANS escape route considerations: safety zone - ANS a place you, your crew, and your equipment can go to be safe -a fire shelter is no replacement for a safety zone -should be big enough for you, your crew, and all your equipment to be out of harms way -more than one is okay -should be clearly marked through their proper escape routes and known to all - ANS safety zone considerations: -prevention (#1) -detection -suppression - ANS What are the (3) main priorities in wildland firefighting?