ATI Fundamentals Proctored Exam 2024 – 2025 |
Practice Questions, Answers, and Study Guide for
Nursing Students
1. Legal Issue – Negligence
Question:
A nurse is collaborating with a risk management team about potential legal issues
involving client care. Which of the following situations is an example of negligence?
A. A nurse administers a medication without first identifying the client.
B. An assistive personnel discusses client care in the facility cafeteria with visitors
present.
C. A nurse begins a blood transfusion without obtaining consent. ✅
D. An assistive personnel prevents a client from leaving the facility.
Rationale:
C is correct. Starting a blood transfusion without informed consent is a breach of duty
and a clear example of negligence because it violates the client’s legal and ethical rights
to autonomy and informed decision-making.
2. Informed Consent – Language Barrier
Question:
A nurse is preparing to obtain informed consent from a client who speaks a different
language. What action should the nurse take?
A. Request that an assistive personnel interpret the information for the client.
B. Use proper medical terms when giving information to the client.
C. Offer written information in the client's language. ✅
D. Avoid using gestures when speaking to the client.
Rationale:
C is correct. Providing written information in the client’s language ensures
comprehension and supports informed consent. Using untrained personnel or gestures
may lead to miscommunication.
3. Insomnia – Bedtime Care
,Question:
A nurse is planning care for a client who reports insomnia. Which action should the
nurse perform shortly before bedtime?
A. Provide a late supper. ✅
B. Offer a wet washcloth for the client to wash her face.
C. Perform range-of-motion exercises.
D. Prepare hot cocoa or tea for the client.
Rationale:
A is correct. A light bedtime snack helps promote sleep by preventing hunger-related
wakefulness. Caffeine (often found in cocoa or tea) should be avoided.
4. IV Insertion – Vein Dilation
Question:
Which action should a nurse take to help dilate the vein before inserting a peripheral IV
catheter?
A. Stroke the skin near the vein in an upward position.
B. Dangle the client’s arm over the edge of the bed. ✅
C. Apply a cool compress to the vein for 10 minutes.
D. Instruct the client to flex their arm with the hand open.
Rationale:
B is correct. Letting the arm dangle increases venous pressure and promotes vein
dilation, making IV access easier.
5. Suctioning – Tracheostomy
Question:
When suctioning a client's tracheostomy tube, what action should the nurse take?
A. Apply intermittent suction during catheter insertion. ✅
B. Suction the client's airway for 20 seconds with each pass.
C. Hyperoxygenate the client manually for 30 to 60 seconds after suctioning.
D. Decrease suction pressure to 150 mm Hg if the oxygen saturation drops.
Rationale:
A is correct. Suction should only be applied while withdrawing the catheter to prevent
tissue trauma. Suctioning should not exceed 10–15 seconds per pass.
6. Seizure – Safety First
,Question:
A nurse enters a room and observes a client having a seizure while sitting in a chair.
What should the nurse do first?
A. Move items in the room away from the client.
B. Turn the client onto their side.
C. Help the client lie on the floor. ✅
D. Loosen the client’s clothing.
Rationale:
C is correct. Helping the client to the floor prevents injury from falling. Once the client
is safe, other supportive measures can follow.
7. Weber Test – Conduction Deafness
Question:
When performing Weber’s test for conduction deafness, what action should the nurse
take?
A. Move a vibrating tuning fork in front of the client’s ear canals.
B. Place the base of a vibrating tuning fork on the client's mastoid process.
C. Place the base of a vibrating tuning fork on the top of the client's head. ✅
D. Count how many seconds a client can hear a tuning fork after it has been struck.
Rationale:
C is correct. The Weber test involves placing a vibrating tuning fork on the midline of the
head to assess lateralization of sound, which can help identify conduction vs.
sensorineural hearing loss.
A nurse is obtaining informed consent from a client who is scheduled for surgery. The
client states, "I don't want to go through with the procedure." Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
a. Discuss alternative treatments with the client
b. Explain to the client the risks involved with not having the procedure
c. Express approval of the client's decision to not have the procedure
d. Document the client's decision in the medical record - - correct ans- -D. Document
the clients decision in the medical record
, A nurse is providing teaching to a client about reducing the adverse effects of
immobility. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding
of the teaching?
a. " I will have my partner help me change position every 4 hours"
b. " I will remove my antiembolic stockings while I am in bed"
c." I will hold my breath when rising from a sitting position"
d." I will perform ankle and knee exercises everyhour." - - correct ans- -D. I will perform
ankle and knee exercises every hour
A nurse is preparing a client who has terminal cancer for discharge. Which of the
following questions should the nurse ask when assessing the client's psychosocial
history?
a. " What medications are you currently taking?"
b." Are you experiencing any Pain?"
c. " Have any of your relatives been diagnosed with cancer?"
d. " What Techniques do you use to cope with stress? - - correct ans- -D. What
techniques do you use to cope with stress?
A nurse is performing a skin assessment on an older adult client. Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect?
a. Thickened outer layer of skin
b. Increased skin elasticity
c. Reduced sweat production
d. Increased Production of oils - - correct ans- -c. Reduced sweat production
A nurse is caring for a client who begins to cry after receiving a diagnosis of cancer.
Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
a. " I would get a second opinion if I were you."
b " it might seem bad now, but things will get better."
c " it must be difficult for you to receive this kind of news."
Practice Questions, Answers, and Study Guide for
Nursing Students
1. Legal Issue – Negligence
Question:
A nurse is collaborating with a risk management team about potential legal issues
involving client care. Which of the following situations is an example of negligence?
A. A nurse administers a medication without first identifying the client.
B. An assistive personnel discusses client care in the facility cafeteria with visitors
present.
C. A nurse begins a blood transfusion without obtaining consent. ✅
D. An assistive personnel prevents a client from leaving the facility.
Rationale:
C is correct. Starting a blood transfusion without informed consent is a breach of duty
and a clear example of negligence because it violates the client’s legal and ethical rights
to autonomy and informed decision-making.
2. Informed Consent – Language Barrier
Question:
A nurse is preparing to obtain informed consent from a client who speaks a different
language. What action should the nurse take?
A. Request that an assistive personnel interpret the information for the client.
B. Use proper medical terms when giving information to the client.
C. Offer written information in the client's language. ✅
D. Avoid using gestures when speaking to the client.
Rationale:
C is correct. Providing written information in the client’s language ensures
comprehension and supports informed consent. Using untrained personnel or gestures
may lead to miscommunication.
3. Insomnia – Bedtime Care
,Question:
A nurse is planning care for a client who reports insomnia. Which action should the
nurse perform shortly before bedtime?
A. Provide a late supper. ✅
B. Offer a wet washcloth for the client to wash her face.
C. Perform range-of-motion exercises.
D. Prepare hot cocoa or tea for the client.
Rationale:
A is correct. A light bedtime snack helps promote sleep by preventing hunger-related
wakefulness. Caffeine (often found in cocoa or tea) should be avoided.
4. IV Insertion – Vein Dilation
Question:
Which action should a nurse take to help dilate the vein before inserting a peripheral IV
catheter?
A. Stroke the skin near the vein in an upward position.
B. Dangle the client’s arm over the edge of the bed. ✅
C. Apply a cool compress to the vein for 10 minutes.
D. Instruct the client to flex their arm with the hand open.
Rationale:
B is correct. Letting the arm dangle increases venous pressure and promotes vein
dilation, making IV access easier.
5. Suctioning – Tracheostomy
Question:
When suctioning a client's tracheostomy tube, what action should the nurse take?
A. Apply intermittent suction during catheter insertion. ✅
B. Suction the client's airway for 20 seconds with each pass.
C. Hyperoxygenate the client manually for 30 to 60 seconds after suctioning.
D. Decrease suction pressure to 150 mm Hg if the oxygen saturation drops.
Rationale:
A is correct. Suction should only be applied while withdrawing the catheter to prevent
tissue trauma. Suctioning should not exceed 10–15 seconds per pass.
6. Seizure – Safety First
,Question:
A nurse enters a room and observes a client having a seizure while sitting in a chair.
What should the nurse do first?
A. Move items in the room away from the client.
B. Turn the client onto their side.
C. Help the client lie on the floor. ✅
D. Loosen the client’s clothing.
Rationale:
C is correct. Helping the client to the floor prevents injury from falling. Once the client
is safe, other supportive measures can follow.
7. Weber Test – Conduction Deafness
Question:
When performing Weber’s test for conduction deafness, what action should the nurse
take?
A. Move a vibrating tuning fork in front of the client’s ear canals.
B. Place the base of a vibrating tuning fork on the client's mastoid process.
C. Place the base of a vibrating tuning fork on the top of the client's head. ✅
D. Count how many seconds a client can hear a tuning fork after it has been struck.
Rationale:
C is correct. The Weber test involves placing a vibrating tuning fork on the midline of the
head to assess lateralization of sound, which can help identify conduction vs.
sensorineural hearing loss.
A nurse is obtaining informed consent from a client who is scheduled for surgery. The
client states, "I don't want to go through with the procedure." Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
a. Discuss alternative treatments with the client
b. Explain to the client the risks involved with not having the procedure
c. Express approval of the client's decision to not have the procedure
d. Document the client's decision in the medical record - - correct ans- -D. Document
the clients decision in the medical record
, A nurse is providing teaching to a client about reducing the adverse effects of
immobility. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding
of the teaching?
a. " I will have my partner help me change position every 4 hours"
b. " I will remove my antiembolic stockings while I am in bed"
c." I will hold my breath when rising from a sitting position"
d." I will perform ankle and knee exercises everyhour." - - correct ans- -D. I will perform
ankle and knee exercises every hour
A nurse is preparing a client who has terminal cancer for discharge. Which of the
following questions should the nurse ask when assessing the client's psychosocial
history?
a. " What medications are you currently taking?"
b." Are you experiencing any Pain?"
c. " Have any of your relatives been diagnosed with cancer?"
d. " What Techniques do you use to cope with stress? - - correct ans- -D. What
techniques do you use to cope with stress?
A nurse is performing a skin assessment on an older adult client. Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect?
a. Thickened outer layer of skin
b. Increased skin elasticity
c. Reduced sweat production
d. Increased Production of oils - - correct ans- -c. Reduced sweat production
A nurse is caring for a client who begins to cry after receiving a diagnosis of cancer.
Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
a. " I would get a second opinion if I were you."
b " it might seem bad now, but things will get better."
c " it must be difficult for you to receive this kind of news."
