, Chapter 01: The Evolution of Professional Nursing Cherry & Jacob: Contemporary
Nursing: Issues, Trends, and Management, 7th Edition
MULTIPLEyCHOICE
1. ClarayBartonyisyknownyfor:
a.
becomingytheyfirstyblackypublicyhealthynurse.
b.
establishingytheyHenryyStreetySettlement.
c.
foundingytheyAmericanyRedyCross.
d.
publicizingytheyinadequaciesyofyhospital-basedynursingyschools.
ANS:y C
TheyAmericanyRedyCross,yfoundedybyyClarayBartonyiny1882,yassistedyinyeffortsytoycontinueypub
licyhealthynursing.
DIF: Knowledge REF:y y p.y11
2. Studentsyareyassignedytoywriteytoytheirystateyleadersyaboutyanyissueyaffectingytheirycommunity.y
Oneystudentywritesyaboutytheyneedyamongyruralycommunityyforygreateryaccessytoyacuteycareyser
vices.yWhichyofytheyfollowingypiecesyofylegislationyshouldytheystudentyuseyasyayreference?
a.
SocialySecurityyAct
b.
Hill-BurtonyAct
c.
Sheppard-Townery Act
d.
U.S.yCivilyServiceyAct
ANS:y B
TheypurposeyofytheyHill-
BurtonyActywasytoyprovideyfundingytoyconstructyhospitalsyandytoyhelpystatesyinyplanyforyotheryhe
althycareyfacilitiesyinyaccordanceywithytheyneedsyofycommunities.
DIF: Knowledge REF:y y p.y13
3. TheypracticeyofypublicyhealthynursingyandytheyHenryyStreetySettlementyareycreditedyto:
a.
MaryyBreckenridge.
b.
MaryySeacole.
c.
ClarayBarton.
d.
LillianyWald.
ANS:y D
LillianyWald,yaypioneeryinypublicyhealthynursing,yisybestyknownyforytheydevelopmentyandyestablishme
ntyofytheyHenryyStreetySettlement.
DIF: Knowledge REF:y y p.y6
4. Occupationalyhealthynursingyfeaturesybeliefsysimilarytoythoseyofywhichyearlyynursingypioneer?
a.
LillianyWald
b.
FlorenceyNightingale
c.
ClarayBarton
d.
MaryySeacole
ANS:y A
, LillianyWaldydevelopedytheyfirstynursingyserviceyforyoccupationalyhealth.
DIF: Comprehension REF:y y p.y10
5. Whatyhistoricalyeventyfirstyledytoytheyrecognitionyofytheycontributionyofyblacksytoynursing?
a.
FlorenceyNightingale’syacceptanceyofyblackynursesyintoytheyfirstynursingyschool
b.
TheycontributionsyofyblackynursesyatytheyPennsylvaniayHospital,ytheyfirstyhospitalyiny
America
c.
MaryySeacole’syeffortsytoycareyforysoldiersyduringytheyCrimeanyWar
d.
Theyworkydoneybyywivesyofywealthyyblackynoblesywhoycarriedyfoodyandymedicineyf
romyhouseytoyhouseyduringytheyMiddleyAges
ANS:y C
AlthoughyNightingale’syschoolyrefusedySeacole,ysheywasyableytoymakeyaydifferenceyinytheyCrim
eanyWaryandylaterywasyrecognizedyforyheryefforts.
DIF: Comprehension REF:y y pp.y8-9
6. WorldyWaryIycontributedytoytheyadvancementyofyhealthycareyby:
a.
increasingytheynumberyofyprivateycareyhospitalsyandydecreasingytheyroleyofypublicy
healthyservices.
b.
employingyaylargeynumberyofyciviliansytoyprovideycareytoyreturningysoldiersythroughyt
heyRedyCross.
c.
introducingyspecialistsyinynursingysuchyasynurseyanesthetists.
d.
increasingytheynumberyofycommunityyhealthynurses.
ANS:y C
WorldyWaryIyofferedynursesyaychanceytoyenteryintoynewyfieldsyofyspecialization,yasyisyseenyinytheyexa
mpleyofynurseyanesthetists,ywhoybecameypartyofysurgicalyteamsyatytheyfrontylines.
DIF: Comprehension REF:y y p.y11
7. TheyprimaryypurposeyofytheySocialySecurityyActyofy1935ywasyto:
a.
increaseyresearchythatyfocusedyonyminorityygroups.
b.
provideymedicalycareyforychemicallyyimpairedypersons.
c.
ensureyhealthycareyforyolderyadultsythroughyaynationalyinsuranceysystem.
d.
decreaseytheypublic’syfinancialyburdenybyylimitingyservicesyofferedybyylocalyhealthy
departments.
ANS:y C
Byyprovidingyhealthyinsuranceyforyolderyadults,ytheySocialySecurityyActyofy1935ysetytheyprecede
ntyforytheypassageyofytheyMedicareyandyMedicaidyActsythatyfollowedyiny1965,ybutytheyactyalsoypr
ovidedymaternalyandychildywelfareyservices,yrehabilitationyforytheymentallyyandyphysicallyychall
enged,ymedicalycareyforyblindyindividualsyandycrippledychildren,yandyunemploymentybenefits.
DIF: Comprehension REF:y y p.y12
8. Ayclientyasksytheynurse,y“CanyyouyexplainyMedicare,yanyamendmentytoytheySocialySecurityy
Act?”yTheynurseyrespondsythatyMedicare:
a.
ledytoymanyyhospitalyclosings,yalongywithyaydecreaseyinyacuteycareyhospital–
basedynursingycare.
, b.
providedymedicalyinsuranceytoythoseyyoungeryadultsyorychildrenywhoywereynoty
eligibleyforyprivateyinsuranceybecauseyofycatastrophicyillnessesysuchyasycancer.
c.
providedypreventiveycareyforywomen,yinfants,yandychildren.
d.
ensuredythatyindividualsyagesy65yandyolderyandythoseywithyend-
stageyrenalydiseaseyorypermanentydisabilitiesyhadyhealthycareyinsurance.
ANS:y D
TheyMedicareyprogramyprovidesyhospitalyinsurance,yPartyA,yandymedicalyinsurance,yPartyB,ytoy
allypeopleyagesy65yandyolderywhoyareyeligibleytoyreceiveySocialySecurityybenefits;ypeopleywithyt
otal,ypermanentydisabilities;yandypeopleywithyend-stageyrenalydisease.
DIF:y y Comprehension REF:y y p.y14
9. Aycomparisonyofynursingyinythey1980sytoynursingyinythey1990syrevealsythat:
a.
inythey1990synursingyexperiencedyaysignificantyreductionyoccurredyinypreventabley
diseasesycausedybyyunsafe/unhealthyylifestyles.
b.
tuberculosisywasytheyprimaryyconcernyforynursingyinythey1980s,ywhereasytheyAIDSy
epidemicyemergedyandywasyitsyfocusyduringythey1990s.
c.
aydecreaseyinyambulatoryyservicesyinythey1980sypromptedyanyincreaseyinypublicy
healthynursesyinythey1990s.
d.
theydemandyforyadvancedypracticeynursesyincreasedyinythey1980syandythey1990syasyayr
esultyofytheyeconomyyandyconcernyaboutytheyhealthyofytheynation.
ANS:y D
Theynumbersyofyadvancedynurseypractitionersyincreasedyasyevidenceyofytheirycost-
effectivenessyasyprovidersyofyprimaryyandypreventiveyhealthycareybecameyestablished.
DIF:y y Comprehension REF:y y pp.y16-17
10. Whichystatementyaccuratelyydescribesytheyhistoricalyperspectiveyofynursingypractice?
a.
Nursingyhasyexistedytoymeetytheyneedsyofypopulations,yindividuals,yandyaggregatesyb
yyprovidingycareythatyisydeterminedybyytheyneedsyandybeliefsyofysocietyyinydifferentyhi
storicalycontexts.
b.
Asymenybeganytoybecomeyinterestedyinynursing,yitychangedyintoyayrespectedy
professionybasedyonyscientificyfactyratherythanysuperstition.
c.
Nursingyhasyhistoricallyyacceptedyindividualsyfromyallysocialyandyethnicy
backgrounds.
d.
TheyUnitedyStatesyhasyledytheywayythroughoutyhistoryytoyadvanceynursingyandy
healthycareybyyprovidingytheyfirstyhospitalyandymedicalyschool.
ANS:y A
Nursingyhasyexistedysinceybiblicalytimesytoyaddressyneedsyrangingyfromycontagiousydiseasesyinye
arlyytimesytoyhealthypreventionyinytheypresentytime,ywithycareybasedyonyhealthyneedsyandybeliefsy
ofytheytime.
DIF: Comprehension REF:y y p.y3y|pp.y18-19
11. Theyuseyofyherbsyhasybecomeyaypopularyalternativeytoyprescriptionydrugsyinytoday’syhealthycarey
milieu.yDuringywhichyotheryhistoricalyperiodsydidyhealthypracticesyfocusyonytheyuseyofyherbs?
a.
PrehistoricytimesyandytheyMiddleyAges
b.
CivilyWaryperiodyandyWorldyWaryI
Nursing: Issues, Trends, and Management, 7th Edition
MULTIPLEyCHOICE
1. ClarayBartonyisyknownyfor:
a.
becomingytheyfirstyblackypublicyhealthynurse.
b.
establishingytheyHenryyStreetySettlement.
c.
foundingytheyAmericanyRedyCross.
d.
publicizingytheyinadequaciesyofyhospital-basedynursingyschools.
ANS:y C
TheyAmericanyRedyCross,yfoundedybyyClarayBartonyiny1882,yassistedyinyeffortsytoycontinueypub
licyhealthynursing.
DIF: Knowledge REF:y y p.y11
2. Studentsyareyassignedytoywriteytoytheirystateyleadersyaboutyanyissueyaffectingytheirycommunity.y
Oneystudentywritesyaboutytheyneedyamongyruralycommunityyforygreateryaccessytoyacuteycareyser
vices.yWhichyofytheyfollowingypiecesyofylegislationyshouldytheystudentyuseyasyayreference?
a.
SocialySecurityyAct
b.
Hill-BurtonyAct
c.
Sheppard-Townery Act
d.
U.S.yCivilyServiceyAct
ANS:y B
TheypurposeyofytheyHill-
BurtonyActywasytoyprovideyfundingytoyconstructyhospitalsyandytoyhelpystatesyinyplanyforyotheryhe
althycareyfacilitiesyinyaccordanceywithytheyneedsyofycommunities.
DIF: Knowledge REF:y y p.y13
3. TheypracticeyofypublicyhealthynursingyandytheyHenryyStreetySettlementyareycreditedyto:
a.
MaryyBreckenridge.
b.
MaryySeacole.
c.
ClarayBarton.
d.
LillianyWald.
ANS:y D
LillianyWald,yaypioneeryinypublicyhealthynursing,yisybestyknownyforytheydevelopmentyandyestablishme
ntyofytheyHenryyStreetySettlement.
DIF: Knowledge REF:y y p.y6
4. Occupationalyhealthynursingyfeaturesybeliefsysimilarytoythoseyofywhichyearlyynursingypioneer?
a.
LillianyWald
b.
FlorenceyNightingale
c.
ClarayBarton
d.
MaryySeacole
ANS:y A
, LillianyWaldydevelopedytheyfirstynursingyserviceyforyoccupationalyhealth.
DIF: Comprehension REF:y y p.y10
5. Whatyhistoricalyeventyfirstyledytoytheyrecognitionyofytheycontributionyofyblacksytoynursing?
a.
FlorenceyNightingale’syacceptanceyofyblackynursesyintoytheyfirstynursingyschool
b.
TheycontributionsyofyblackynursesyatytheyPennsylvaniayHospital,ytheyfirstyhospitalyiny
America
c.
MaryySeacole’syeffortsytoycareyforysoldiersyduringytheyCrimeanyWar
d.
Theyworkydoneybyywivesyofywealthyyblackynoblesywhoycarriedyfoodyandymedicineyf
romyhouseytoyhouseyduringytheyMiddleyAges
ANS:y C
AlthoughyNightingale’syschoolyrefusedySeacole,ysheywasyableytoymakeyaydifferenceyinytheyCrim
eanyWaryandylaterywasyrecognizedyforyheryefforts.
DIF: Comprehension REF:y y pp.y8-9
6. WorldyWaryIycontributedytoytheyadvancementyofyhealthycareyby:
a.
increasingytheynumberyofyprivateycareyhospitalsyandydecreasingytheyroleyofypublicy
healthyservices.
b.
employingyaylargeynumberyofyciviliansytoyprovideycareytoyreturningysoldiersythroughyt
heyRedyCross.
c.
introducingyspecialistsyinynursingysuchyasynurseyanesthetists.
d.
increasingytheynumberyofycommunityyhealthynurses.
ANS:y C
WorldyWaryIyofferedynursesyaychanceytoyenteryintoynewyfieldsyofyspecialization,yasyisyseenyinytheyexa
mpleyofynurseyanesthetists,ywhoybecameypartyofysurgicalyteamsyatytheyfrontylines.
DIF: Comprehension REF:y y p.y11
7. TheyprimaryypurposeyofytheySocialySecurityyActyofy1935ywasyto:
a.
increaseyresearchythatyfocusedyonyminorityygroups.
b.
provideymedicalycareyforychemicallyyimpairedypersons.
c.
ensureyhealthycareyforyolderyadultsythroughyaynationalyinsuranceysystem.
d.
decreaseytheypublic’syfinancialyburdenybyylimitingyservicesyofferedybyylocalyhealthy
departments.
ANS:y C
Byyprovidingyhealthyinsuranceyforyolderyadults,ytheySocialySecurityyActyofy1935ysetytheyprecede
ntyforytheypassageyofytheyMedicareyandyMedicaidyActsythatyfollowedyiny1965,ybutytheyactyalsoypr
ovidedymaternalyandychildywelfareyservices,yrehabilitationyforytheymentallyyandyphysicallyychall
enged,ymedicalycareyforyblindyindividualsyandycrippledychildren,yandyunemploymentybenefits.
DIF: Comprehension REF:y y p.y12
8. Ayclientyasksytheynurse,y“CanyyouyexplainyMedicare,yanyamendmentytoytheySocialySecurityy
Act?”yTheynurseyrespondsythatyMedicare:
a.
ledytoymanyyhospitalyclosings,yalongywithyaydecreaseyinyacuteycareyhospital–
basedynursingycare.
, b.
providedymedicalyinsuranceytoythoseyyoungeryadultsyorychildrenywhoywereynoty
eligibleyforyprivateyinsuranceybecauseyofycatastrophicyillnessesysuchyasycancer.
c.
providedypreventiveycareyforywomen,yinfants,yandychildren.
d.
ensuredythatyindividualsyagesy65yandyolderyandythoseywithyend-
stageyrenalydiseaseyorypermanentydisabilitiesyhadyhealthycareyinsurance.
ANS:y D
TheyMedicareyprogramyprovidesyhospitalyinsurance,yPartyA,yandymedicalyinsurance,yPartyB,ytoy
allypeopleyagesy65yandyolderywhoyareyeligibleytoyreceiveySocialySecurityybenefits;ypeopleywithyt
otal,ypermanentydisabilities;yandypeopleywithyend-stageyrenalydisease.
DIF:y y Comprehension REF:y y p.y14
9. Aycomparisonyofynursingyinythey1980sytoynursingyinythey1990syrevealsythat:
a.
inythey1990synursingyexperiencedyaysignificantyreductionyoccurredyinypreventabley
diseasesycausedybyyunsafe/unhealthyylifestyles.
b.
tuberculosisywasytheyprimaryyconcernyforynursingyinythey1980s,ywhereasytheyAIDSy
epidemicyemergedyandywasyitsyfocusyduringythey1990s.
c.
aydecreaseyinyambulatoryyservicesyinythey1980sypromptedyanyincreaseyinypublicy
healthynursesyinythey1990s.
d.
theydemandyforyadvancedypracticeynursesyincreasedyinythey1980syandythey1990syasyayr
esultyofytheyeconomyyandyconcernyaboutytheyhealthyofytheynation.
ANS:y D
Theynumbersyofyadvancedynurseypractitionersyincreasedyasyevidenceyofytheirycost-
effectivenessyasyprovidersyofyprimaryyandypreventiveyhealthycareybecameyestablished.
DIF:y y Comprehension REF:y y pp.y16-17
10. Whichystatementyaccuratelyydescribesytheyhistoricalyperspectiveyofynursingypractice?
a.
Nursingyhasyexistedytoymeetytheyneedsyofypopulations,yindividuals,yandyaggregatesyb
yyprovidingycareythatyisydeterminedybyytheyneedsyandybeliefsyofysocietyyinydifferentyhi
storicalycontexts.
b.
Asymenybeganytoybecomeyinterestedyinynursing,yitychangedyintoyayrespectedy
professionybasedyonyscientificyfactyratherythanysuperstition.
c.
Nursingyhasyhistoricallyyacceptedyindividualsyfromyallysocialyandyethnicy
backgrounds.
d.
TheyUnitedyStatesyhasyledytheywayythroughoutyhistoryytoyadvanceynursingyandy
healthycareybyyprovidingytheyfirstyhospitalyandymedicalyschool.
ANS:y A
Nursingyhasyexistedysinceybiblicalytimesytoyaddressyneedsyrangingyfromycontagiousydiseasesyinye
arlyytimesytoyhealthypreventionyinytheypresentytime,ywithycareybasedyonyhealthyneedsyandybeliefsy
ofytheytime.
DIF: Comprehension REF:y y p.y3y|pp.y18-19
11. Theyuseyofyherbsyhasybecomeyaypopularyalternativeytoyprescriptionydrugsyinytoday’syhealthycarey
milieu.yDuringywhichyotheryhistoricalyperiodsydidyhealthypracticesyfocusyonytheyuseyofyherbs?
a.
PrehistoricytimesyandytheyMiddleyAges
b.
CivilyWaryperiodyandyWorldyWaryI
