1. Which of the following is a sign of vitamin C deficiency?
A. Night blindness
B. Delayed wound healing
C. Rickets
D. Neural tube defects
Answer: B. Delayed wound healing
Rationale: Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis and wound
healing. Night blindness is related to vitamin A, rickets to vitamin D,
and neural tube defects to folate.
2. Which food is highest in potassium?
A. Apple
B. Orange juice
C. White bread
D. Chicken breast
Answer: B. Orange juice
Rationale: Orange juice is rich in potassium. Other high-potassium
foods include bananas, potatoes, and spinach.
3. A nurse is planning care for a client who is newly diagnosed with
type 2 diabetes. Which of the following should be included in the
teaching plan?
A. “Avoid all carbohydrates.”
B. “Use regular soda to treat low blood sugar.”
C. “Eat meals and snacks at regular times.”
D. “Choose foods with high glycemic index.”
Answer: C. “Eat meals and snacks at regular times.”
Rationale: Consistent meal timing helps manage blood glucose levels
effectively. Carbs should be balanced, not eliminated.
4. A nurse is educating a client about potassium-rich foods. Which
,statement indicates understanding?
A. “I will eat more canned soups.”
B. “I’ll snack on dried apricots.”
C. “I should eat white bread.”
D. “I’ll drink cranberry juice.”
Answer: B. “I’ll snack on dried apricots.”
Rationale: Dried apricots, bananas, and potatoes are excellent sources
of potassium.
5. Which food should a nurse suggest for a client needing increased
dietary fiber?
A. White rice
B. Apples with skin
C. Chicken breast
D. Eggs
Answer: B. Apples with skin
Rationale: Whole fruits, especially with skin, are high in fiber. White
rice and animal products have little to no fiber.
6. Which mineral is important in preventing osteoporosis?
A. Sodium
B. Iron
C. Calcium
D. Potassium
Answer: C. Calcium
Rationale: Calcium, along with vitamin D, is crucial for bone health and
osteoporosis prevention.
7. Which lab value is the best indicator of long-term nutritional status?
A. Hematocrit
B. Albumin
C. Prealbumin
D. Hemoglobin
, Answer: B. Albumin
Rationale: Albumin reflects long-term protein status. Prealbumin is
more sensitive to short-term changes.
8. Which food choice supports iron absorption in a client taking oral
iron supplements?
A. Milk
B. Coffee
C. Orange juice
D. Green tea
Answer: C. Orange juice
Rationale: Vitamin C enhances iron absorption. Milk and tannins in
coffee/tea inhibit absorption.
9. Which client statement indicates understanding of the gluten-free
diet for celiac disease?
A. “I can eat whole-wheat bread.”
B. “I’ll avoid rye crackers.”
C. “I should avoid rice.”
D. “I can eat barley soup.”
Answer: B. “I’ll avoid rye crackers.”
Rationale: Gluten is found in wheat, rye, and barley. Rice is gluten-free
and allowed.
10. A nurse is reinforcing education about nutrition for a client with
COPD. Which of the following is appropriate?
A. High carbohydrate intake
B. Low protein diet
C. High-calorie, high-protein meals
D. Frequent, high-fiber meals
Answer: C. High-calorie, high-protein meals
Rationale: COPD increases energy expenditure; clients benefit from
A. Night blindness
B. Delayed wound healing
C. Rickets
D. Neural tube defects
Answer: B. Delayed wound healing
Rationale: Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis and wound
healing. Night blindness is related to vitamin A, rickets to vitamin D,
and neural tube defects to folate.
2. Which food is highest in potassium?
A. Apple
B. Orange juice
C. White bread
D. Chicken breast
Answer: B. Orange juice
Rationale: Orange juice is rich in potassium. Other high-potassium
foods include bananas, potatoes, and spinach.
3. A nurse is planning care for a client who is newly diagnosed with
type 2 diabetes. Which of the following should be included in the
teaching plan?
A. “Avoid all carbohydrates.”
B. “Use regular soda to treat low blood sugar.”
C. “Eat meals and snacks at regular times.”
D. “Choose foods with high glycemic index.”
Answer: C. “Eat meals and snacks at regular times.”
Rationale: Consistent meal timing helps manage blood glucose levels
effectively. Carbs should be balanced, not eliminated.
4. A nurse is educating a client about potassium-rich foods. Which
,statement indicates understanding?
A. “I will eat more canned soups.”
B. “I’ll snack on dried apricots.”
C. “I should eat white bread.”
D. “I’ll drink cranberry juice.”
Answer: B. “I’ll snack on dried apricots.”
Rationale: Dried apricots, bananas, and potatoes are excellent sources
of potassium.
5. Which food should a nurse suggest for a client needing increased
dietary fiber?
A. White rice
B. Apples with skin
C. Chicken breast
D. Eggs
Answer: B. Apples with skin
Rationale: Whole fruits, especially with skin, are high in fiber. White
rice and animal products have little to no fiber.
6. Which mineral is important in preventing osteoporosis?
A. Sodium
B. Iron
C. Calcium
D. Potassium
Answer: C. Calcium
Rationale: Calcium, along with vitamin D, is crucial for bone health and
osteoporosis prevention.
7. Which lab value is the best indicator of long-term nutritional status?
A. Hematocrit
B. Albumin
C. Prealbumin
D. Hemoglobin
, Answer: B. Albumin
Rationale: Albumin reflects long-term protein status. Prealbumin is
more sensitive to short-term changes.
8. Which food choice supports iron absorption in a client taking oral
iron supplements?
A. Milk
B. Coffee
C. Orange juice
D. Green tea
Answer: C. Orange juice
Rationale: Vitamin C enhances iron absorption. Milk and tannins in
coffee/tea inhibit absorption.
9. Which client statement indicates understanding of the gluten-free
diet for celiac disease?
A. “I can eat whole-wheat bread.”
B. “I’ll avoid rye crackers.”
C. “I should avoid rice.”
D. “I can eat barley soup.”
Answer: B. “I’ll avoid rye crackers.”
Rationale: Gluten is found in wheat, rye, and barley. Rice is gluten-free
and allowed.
10. A nurse is reinforcing education about nutrition for a client with
COPD. Which of the following is appropriate?
A. High carbohydrate intake
B. Low protein diet
C. High-calorie, high-protein meals
D. Frequent, high-fiber meals
Answer: C. High-calorie, high-protein meals
Rationale: COPD increases energy expenditure; clients benefit from
