Pediatrics gastroenterology Exam with Questions and Correct Answers 2025.

Paediatrics gastroenterology Exam with
Questions and Correct Answers 2025




Recurrent ,abdominal ,pain ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Child ,presents ,with ,repeated
,episodes ,of ,abdominal ,pain ,without ,an ,identifiable ,underlying ,cause. ,The ,pain ,is
,described ,as ,non-organic ,or ,functional. ,This ,is ,common ,and ,can ,lead ,to ,psychosocial
,problems, ,such ,as ,missed ,days ,at ,school ,and ,parental ,anxiety.


Episodes ,of ,central ,abdominal ,pain ,lasting ,more ,than ,1 ,hour. ,Associated ,with ,N&V,
,pallor, ,headache, ,photophobia ,and ,aura ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Abdominal ,migraine ,-
,examinations ,will ,be ,normal.


Acute ,mx ,of ,abdominal ,migraine ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Low ,stimulus ,environment
,(quiet, ,dark ,room)
Paracetamol
Ibuprofen
Sumatriptan

Preventative ,Mx ,of ,abdominal ,migraine ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Pizotifen, ,a ,serotonin
,antagonist ,(MAIN ,preventative ,medication)


Propranolol, ,a ,non-selective ,beta ,blocker
Cyproheptadine, ,an ,antihistamine
Flunarizine, ,a ,calcium ,channel ,blocker

Pizotifen ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-serotonin ,antagonist
blocks ,the ,5-HT2A ,and ,5-HT2C ,receptors
used ,in ,migraine ,prevention

Needs ,to ,be ,withdrawn ,slowly ,when ,stopping ,as ,associated ,with ,withdrawal
,symptoms ,e.g. ,depression, ,anxiety, ,poor ,sleep ,and ,tremor


Rabbit ,dropping ,stools ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Suggest ,constipation

Encopresis ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Term ,for ,faecal ,incontinence. ,Not ,considered
,pathological ,until ,4 ,years ,of ,age


secondary ,causes ,of ,constipation ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Hirschsprung's ,disease

, Cystic ,fibrosis ,(particularly ,meconium ,ileus)
Hypothyroidism
Spinal ,cord ,lesions
Sexual ,abuse
Intestinal ,obstruction
Anal ,stenosis
Cows ,milk ,intolerance

Complications ,of ,chronic ,constipation ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Desensitisation ,of ,the
,rectum ,- ,over ,time ,they ,loose ,sensation ,of ,the ,need ,to ,open ,the ,bowels ,leading ,to
,faecal ,impaction ,leading ,to ,stretching ,of ,the ,rectum ,and ,further ,desensitisation ,->
,encopresis


Ribbon ,stool ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Sign ,of ,anal ,stenosis

Red ,flags ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Not ,passing ,meconium ,within ,48 ,hours ,of ,birth
,(cystic ,fibrosis ,or ,Hirschsprung's ,disease)


Neurological ,signs ,or ,symptoms, ,particularly ,in ,the ,lower ,limbs ,(cerebral ,palsy ,or
,spinal ,cord ,lesion)


Vomiting ,(intestinal ,obstruction ,or ,Hirschsprung's ,disease)

Ribbon ,stool ,(anal ,stenosis)

Abnormal ,anus ,(anal ,stenosis, ,inflammatory ,bowel ,disease ,or ,sexual ,abuse)

Abnormal ,lower ,back ,or ,buttocks ,(spina ,bifida, ,spinal ,cord ,lesion ,or ,sacral ,agenesis)

Failure ,to ,thrive ,(coeliac ,disease, ,hypothyroidism ,or ,safeguarding)

Acute ,severe ,abdominal ,pain ,and ,bloating ,(obstruction ,or ,intussusception)

First ,line ,laxative ,in ,idiopathic ,constipation ,in ,children ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Movicol
,(osmotic ,laxative) ,- ,wean ,off


Mx ,of ,idiopathic ,constipation ,in ,children ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Correct ,any ,reversible
,contributing ,factors, ,recommend ,a ,high ,fibre ,diet ,and ,good ,hydration


Start ,laxatives ,(movicol ,is ,first ,line) ,- ,should ,be ,continued ,long ,term ,and ,slowly
,weaned ,off ,as ,child ,develops ,a ,normal, ,regular ,bowel ,habit ,


Faecal ,impaction ,may ,require ,a ,disimpaction ,regimen ,with ,high ,doses ,of ,laxatives ,at
,first