Maternal-Newborn Nursing - Exam
1 2025 Questions and Answers
when you're pregnant - intrapartum - ANSWER✔✔-vagina increases --> everything else
squished
urinary meatus - swollen - urinary retention
pressure on bladder - need to pee
pressure on bowels - constipation
uterus - ANSWER✔✔--ligaments help hold uterus in place
-needs to be thick & strong to propel baby out
-uterus is very viscous and vascular
-fundus = the top of the uterus
-plug of mucus plugs the cervix during pregnancy to make sure the baby is safe, secure,
separate from vagina. This mucus plug is not there when not pregnant.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,-most of the pain of labor is of the cervix opening. It needs to thin and create an
opening.
uterus muscle layers - ANSWER✔✔-outer layer
- longitudinal
-*helps propel fetus* downward
middle layer
-figure 8
-contract, help to close off uterine arteries to help *stop bleeding* after birth
inner layer
-circular
-keep cervix closed
-need to pull up & out to *open/dilate cervix* to allow passage of fetus
-prevents back flow of menstrual blood
the muscles of the pelvic floor - ANSWER✔✔--suport pelvic organs
-can be weakened or damages during childbirth
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,-can have urinary or fecal incontinence if damaged
uterus --- round and uterosacral ligaments - ANSWER✔✔-Stretch as uterus rises in
pelvic cavity
"Round ligaments"
-attach on sides of uterus
-insert on sides of labia majora (inguinal area)
-can hurt front of woman if she gets up too quickly
utterosacral ligament - back pain
Factors affecting labor - the five P's - ANSWER✔✔-Passenger (fetal presentation, lie,
attitude, position) - the baby (size, shape, position)
Passageway (pelvis)
Powers (primary and secondary) - primary are involuntary contractions, secondary are
voluntary contractions/mom's pushing efforts
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Positions (of the mom during labor and delivery)
Psyche (where's mom's head???)
Passenger - fetal head: size, shape - ANSWER✔✔--open sutures and fontanelles allow
bones to mold/adapt to pelvic
-you could have a mom with a baby whose head is too big for her pelvis
-biparietal (side-to-side) & anterioposterior (front -to-back) skull measurements
important
Passenger - fetal presentation: part that enters inlet first - ANSWER✔✔-*cephalic (head
first)*: the usual presentation, 96% of babies
four types of cephalic....
*vertex: complete flexion* - best way to fit through pelvis!!
-head can elongate
-smallest part of head presented through birth canal (like person turning body to get
through crowd)
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
1 2025 Questions and Answers
when you're pregnant - intrapartum - ANSWER✔✔-vagina increases --> everything else
squished
urinary meatus - swollen - urinary retention
pressure on bladder - need to pee
pressure on bowels - constipation
uterus - ANSWER✔✔--ligaments help hold uterus in place
-needs to be thick & strong to propel baby out
-uterus is very viscous and vascular
-fundus = the top of the uterus
-plug of mucus plugs the cervix during pregnancy to make sure the baby is safe, secure,
separate from vagina. This mucus plug is not there when not pregnant.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,-most of the pain of labor is of the cervix opening. It needs to thin and create an
opening.
uterus muscle layers - ANSWER✔✔-outer layer
- longitudinal
-*helps propel fetus* downward
middle layer
-figure 8
-contract, help to close off uterine arteries to help *stop bleeding* after birth
inner layer
-circular
-keep cervix closed
-need to pull up & out to *open/dilate cervix* to allow passage of fetus
-prevents back flow of menstrual blood
the muscles of the pelvic floor - ANSWER✔✔--suport pelvic organs
-can be weakened or damages during childbirth
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,-can have urinary or fecal incontinence if damaged
uterus --- round and uterosacral ligaments - ANSWER✔✔-Stretch as uterus rises in
pelvic cavity
"Round ligaments"
-attach on sides of uterus
-insert on sides of labia majora (inguinal area)
-can hurt front of woman if she gets up too quickly
utterosacral ligament - back pain
Factors affecting labor - the five P's - ANSWER✔✔-Passenger (fetal presentation, lie,
attitude, position) - the baby (size, shape, position)
Passageway (pelvis)
Powers (primary and secondary) - primary are involuntary contractions, secondary are
voluntary contractions/mom's pushing efforts
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Positions (of the mom during labor and delivery)
Psyche (where's mom's head???)
Passenger - fetal head: size, shape - ANSWER✔✔--open sutures and fontanelles allow
bones to mold/adapt to pelvic
-you could have a mom with a baby whose head is too big for her pelvis
-biparietal (side-to-side) & anterioposterior (front -to-back) skull measurements
important
Passenger - fetal presentation: part that enters inlet first - ANSWER✔✔-*cephalic (head
first)*: the usual presentation, 96% of babies
four types of cephalic....
*vertex: complete flexion* - best way to fit through pelvis!!
-head can elongate
-smallest part of head presented through birth canal (like person turning body to get
through crowd)
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
