NUR 221 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS | ALREADY
GRADED A+ | NEW UPDATE 2025
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia - ANSWER hallucinations, delusions,
paranoia, disordered thinking
negative symptoms of schizophrenia - ANSWER social withdrawal, poor
judgment, poor self-care
cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia - ANSWER inability to focus attention,
learning and memory difficulty
Criteria A symptoms for schizophrenia - ANSWER -present for 1 month
-delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech
-presence of negative symptoms (social withdrawl)
-grossly abnormal psychomotor behavior
major objectives of schizophrenia drug therapy - ANSWER -suppression of
acute episodes
-prevention of acute exacerbations
-maintenance of the highest possible level of functioning
schizophrenia non-medication therapy - ANSWER -counseling for patient and
family
,-behavioral therapy
-vocational training
dosing schizophrenia drug therapy - ANSWER -highly individualized
-older adults require smaller doses
-size and timing likely to be changed over course of therapy
treatment adherence - ANSWER -establish good therapeutic relationship with
patient
-ensure medication is taken (develop plan)
-provide patient with instructions
First generation antipsychotic agents classification - ANSWER classified by
potency
-low potency
-medium potency
-high potency (Haldol)
First generation antipsychotic agents - ANSWER -block dopamine receptors
-can cause serious movement disorders
-extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)
extrapyramidal symptoms - ANSWER -acute dystonia (severe spasms of
muscles of tongure, face)
-Parkinsonism (mask-like face, drooling, tremor, shuffling gait)
, -tardive dyskinesia (twisting movements of tongue and face, lip-smacking)
other adverse effects of first generation antipsychotic symptoms - ANSWER -
anticholinergic effects
-orthostatic hypotension
-seizures
-sexual dysfunction
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome - ANSWER -life threatening reaction to
antipsychotic medication
-most commonly occurs in first two weeks of therapy
-first symtoms: muscle cramps, tremors fever
-severe symptoms: rhabdomyolysis, hypertensive crisis, metabolic acidosis
treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome - ANSWER -early identification
discontinue antipsychotic
-muscle relaxants
-dopamine agonists such as pramipexole
The nurse monitors a patient taking an antipsychotic agent for tardive dyskinesia.
The nurse should observe the patient for which symptoms?
A. Pacing and squirming with an uncontrollable need for motion
B. Mask-like face with drooling, tremors, rigidity, and shuffling gait
C. Twisting, worm-like movements of the tongue and face
D. Sudden high fever, sweating, and blood pressure fluctuations - ANSWER C.
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS | ALREADY
GRADED A+ | NEW UPDATE 2025
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia - ANSWER hallucinations, delusions,
paranoia, disordered thinking
negative symptoms of schizophrenia - ANSWER social withdrawal, poor
judgment, poor self-care
cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia - ANSWER inability to focus attention,
learning and memory difficulty
Criteria A symptoms for schizophrenia - ANSWER -present for 1 month
-delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech
-presence of negative symptoms (social withdrawl)
-grossly abnormal psychomotor behavior
major objectives of schizophrenia drug therapy - ANSWER -suppression of
acute episodes
-prevention of acute exacerbations
-maintenance of the highest possible level of functioning
schizophrenia non-medication therapy - ANSWER -counseling for patient and
family
,-behavioral therapy
-vocational training
dosing schizophrenia drug therapy - ANSWER -highly individualized
-older adults require smaller doses
-size and timing likely to be changed over course of therapy
treatment adherence - ANSWER -establish good therapeutic relationship with
patient
-ensure medication is taken (develop plan)
-provide patient with instructions
First generation antipsychotic agents classification - ANSWER classified by
potency
-low potency
-medium potency
-high potency (Haldol)
First generation antipsychotic agents - ANSWER -block dopamine receptors
-can cause serious movement disorders
-extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)
extrapyramidal symptoms - ANSWER -acute dystonia (severe spasms of
muscles of tongure, face)
-Parkinsonism (mask-like face, drooling, tremor, shuffling gait)
, -tardive dyskinesia (twisting movements of tongue and face, lip-smacking)
other adverse effects of first generation antipsychotic symptoms - ANSWER -
anticholinergic effects
-orthostatic hypotension
-seizures
-sexual dysfunction
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome - ANSWER -life threatening reaction to
antipsychotic medication
-most commonly occurs in first two weeks of therapy
-first symtoms: muscle cramps, tremors fever
-severe symptoms: rhabdomyolysis, hypertensive crisis, metabolic acidosis
treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome - ANSWER -early identification
discontinue antipsychotic
-muscle relaxants
-dopamine agonists such as pramipexole
The nurse monitors a patient taking an antipsychotic agent for tardive dyskinesia.
The nurse should observe the patient for which symptoms?
A. Pacing and squirming with an uncontrollable need for motion
B. Mask-like face with drooling, tremors, rigidity, and shuffling gait
C. Twisting, worm-like movements of the tongue and face
D. Sudden high fever, sweating, and blood pressure fluctuations - ANSWER C.
