AGACNP Infectious Disease Study
Guide Exam 2025 Questions and
Answers
Sepsis - ANSWER✔✔-Life-threatening organ dysfunction from dysregulated response
to infection
qSOFA Criteria - ANSWER✔✔-SBP < 100, RR > 22, altered mentation (≥2 = concern)
Management of Sepsis - ANSWER✔✔-IV fluids (30 mL/kg crystalloid), Broad-spectrum
IV antibiotics, Source control, Vasopressors (norepinephrine) if MAP < 65 despite fluids
Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) - ANSWER✔✔-Organisms: Strep pneumo, H.
flu, Mycoplasma
Treatment for CAP (Non-ICU inpatient) - ANSWER✔✔-Ceftriaxone + azithromycin OR
levofloxacin
Hospital-Acquired / Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (HAP/VAP) - ANSWER✔✔-
Worry about: Pseudomonas, MRSA
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, Treatment for HAP/VAP - ANSWER✔✔-Anti-pseudomonal beta-lactam (e.g.,
cefepime) + vanco ± second gram-negative agent if high risk
Pneumocystis jirovecii (PCP) - ANSWER✔✔-Seen in: Immunocompromised (e.g., HIV,
steroids)
Symptoms of PCP - ANSWER✔✔-Dry cough, hypoxia, bilateral infiltrates
Treatment for PCP - ANSWER✔✔-TMP-SMX + steroids if PaO2 < 70 or A-a gradient >
35
Bacterial Meningitis Symptoms - ANSWER✔✔-Fever, nuchal rigidity, AMS,
photophobia
Diagnosis of Bacterial Meningitis - ANSWER✔✔-LP after CT if signs of ↑ ICP (e.g.,
AMS, papilledema)
CSF findings in Bacterial Meningitis - ANSWER✔✔-High protein, low glucose, high
WBCs (neutrophils)
Treatment for Bacterial Meningitis - ANSWER✔✔-Ceftriaxone + vancomycin +
dexamethasone ± ampicillin (for Listeria if >50yo)
Viral Meningitis Symptoms - ANSWER✔✔-Milder, no focal deficits
CSF findings in Viral Meningitis - ANSWER✔✔-Normal glucose, lymphocytic
predominance
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Guide Exam 2025 Questions and
Answers
Sepsis - ANSWER✔✔-Life-threatening organ dysfunction from dysregulated response
to infection
qSOFA Criteria - ANSWER✔✔-SBP < 100, RR > 22, altered mentation (≥2 = concern)
Management of Sepsis - ANSWER✔✔-IV fluids (30 mL/kg crystalloid), Broad-spectrum
IV antibiotics, Source control, Vasopressors (norepinephrine) if MAP < 65 despite fluids
Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) - ANSWER✔✔-Organisms: Strep pneumo, H.
flu, Mycoplasma
Treatment for CAP (Non-ICU inpatient) - ANSWER✔✔-Ceftriaxone + azithromycin OR
levofloxacin
Hospital-Acquired / Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (HAP/VAP) - ANSWER✔✔-
Worry about: Pseudomonas, MRSA
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Treatment for HAP/VAP - ANSWER✔✔-Anti-pseudomonal beta-lactam (e.g.,
cefepime) + vanco ± second gram-negative agent if high risk
Pneumocystis jirovecii (PCP) - ANSWER✔✔-Seen in: Immunocompromised (e.g., HIV,
steroids)
Symptoms of PCP - ANSWER✔✔-Dry cough, hypoxia, bilateral infiltrates
Treatment for PCP - ANSWER✔✔-TMP-SMX + steroids if PaO2 < 70 or A-a gradient >
35
Bacterial Meningitis Symptoms - ANSWER✔✔-Fever, nuchal rigidity, AMS,
photophobia
Diagnosis of Bacterial Meningitis - ANSWER✔✔-LP after CT if signs of ↑ ICP (e.g.,
AMS, papilledema)
CSF findings in Bacterial Meningitis - ANSWER✔✔-High protein, low glucose, high
WBCs (neutrophils)
Treatment for Bacterial Meningitis - ANSWER✔✔-Ceftriaxone + vancomycin +
dexamethasone ± ampicillin (for Listeria if >50yo)
Viral Meningitis Symptoms - ANSWER✔✔-Milder, no focal deficits
CSF findings in Viral Meningitis - ANSWER✔✔-Normal glucose, lymphocytic
predominance
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
