Nur1460 Exam 1 Questions And Answers
Hypokalemia- bCAUSES b- bcorrect banswers✔✔*** balkalotic. bbody bis btrying bto bDITCH
bpotassium.***
D: bdrugs b(laxatives, bloop/thiazide bdiuretics)
I: binadequate bconsumption bof bpotassium b(NPO, bstarving)
T: btoo bmuch bwater bintake b(dilutes bpotassium)
C: bCushing's bSyndrome
H: bHeavy bfluid bloss b(diarrhea, bvomiting, bNG bsuction, bwound bdrainage, bsweating)
Hypokalemia- bS/S b- bcorrect banswers✔✔A bSIC bWALT
A: balkalosis b
S: bshallow brespirations
I: birritability
C: bconfusion band bdrowsiness
W: bweakness band bfatigue
A: barrhythmias b
L: blethargy
T: bthread bpulse
Hypokalemia- bINTERVENTIONS b- bcorrect banswers✔✔-watch bother belectrolytes
b(magnesium bespecially bas bit bdecreases btoo b& bhard bto bget bpotassium bback bup bif
bmagnesium bis blow)
-never bgive bIV bpush, bIM bor bSUBQ
-if bgiving bIV bgive baccording bto bbag binstruction- b20 bmeq/mL bin b1L bbag, b100ml ban
bhour
***always bwatch bpatients bto bsee bhow bthey breact bto bmedication.
Hyperkalemia- bCAUSES b- bcorrect banswers✔✔the bbody bCARED btoo bmuch babout
bpotassium
C: bcellular bmovement bof bpotassium bfrom bintracellular bto bextracellular b(burns, btissue
bdamage, bacidosis)
A: badrenal binsufficiency bw/ bAddison's bdisease
R: brenal bfailure
E: bexcessive bintake
D: bDrugs b(potassium-sparing bdrugs blike bAldactone, bTriamterene, bACE binhibitors,
bNSAIDS)
,Hyperkalemia- bS/S b- bcorrect banswers✔✔MURDER
M: bmuscle bweakness
U: burine boutput- blittle
R: brespiratory bfailure b(due bto bdecreased bability bto buse bbreathing bmuscles)
D: bdecreased bcardiac bcontractility b(weak bpulse, blow bBP)
E: bearly bsigns bof bmuscle btwitches/cramps- blate bsigns bprofound bweakness
R: brhythm bchanges
Hyperkalemia- bINTERVENTIONS b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Prepare bpatient bfor bdialysis
bif bthey bare brenal bfailure band bget bdialysis bregularly bas bthey bwill bhave bhigh
bpotassium. bKayexalate bis bsometimes bordered, bpromotes bGI bsodium babsorption
bwhich bcauses bpotassium bexcretion, bgive bpotassium bwasting bdiuretics blike bLasix bor
bhydrochlorothiazide, badminister bhypertonic bsolution bof bglucose band bregular binsulin
bto bpull bpotassium binto bcell b(glucagon band binsulin). bCut bback bon bfoods bthat bare
bhigh bin bpotassium
foods bhigh bin bpotassium b- bcorrect banswers✔✔potatoes, bpork, boranges, btomatoes,
bavocados, bstrawberries, bspinach, bfish, bmushrooms, bmusk bmelons, bcantaloupe,
bcarrots, braisins, bbananas
Hypocalcemia- bCAUSES b- bcorrect banswers✔✔remember bLOW bCALCIUM
L: blow bparathyroid bhormone
O: boral bintake binadequate
W: bwound bdrainage
C: bCeliac's band bCrohn's b
A: bacute bpancreatitis b
L: blow bvitamin bD blevels
C: bchronic bkidney bissues
I: bincreased bphosphorus blevels bin bthe bblood
U: busing bmedication bsuch bas bmagnesium bsupplements, blaxatives, bloop bdiuretics,
bcalcium bbinder bdrugs
M: bmobility bissues
Hypocalcemia- bS/S b- bcorrect banswers✔✔CRAMPs
C: bconfusion
R: breflexes bhyperactive
A: barrhythmias b
M: bmuscles bspasms bin bcalves bor bfeet, btetany, bseizures b
P: bpositive bTrousseau b(before bChvostek)
Hypocalcemia- bINTERVENTIONS b- bcorrect banswers✔✔-safety b(watch bfor bfalls bdue
bto bconfusion)
-administer bIV bcalcium
-administer bcalcium boral bwith bvitamin bD bsupplements
, foods bhigh bin bcalcium b- bcorrect banswers✔✔yogurt, bsardines, bcheese, bspinach,
bcollard bgreens, btofu, brhubarb, bmilk
Hypercalcemia- bCAUSES b- bcorrect banswers✔✔remember bHIGH bCAL
H: bhyperparathyroidism
I: bincreased bintake bof bcalcium
G: bglucocorticoid busage b
H: bhyperthyroidism
C: bcalcium bexcretion bdecreased bwith bthiazide bdiuretics band brenal bfailure, bcancer bof
bthe bbones
A: badrenal binsufficiency b(Addison's bdisease)
L: blithium busage
Hypercalcemia- bS/S b- bcorrect banswers✔✔the bbody bis btoo bWEAK
W: bweakness bof bmuscles b(profound)
E: bEKG bchanges
A: babsent breflexes, babsent bminded b(disoriented), babdominal bdistention bfrom
bconstipation b
K: bkidney bstone bformation
Hypercalcemia- bINTERVENTIONS b- bcorrect banswers✔✔-keep bpatient bsafe bfrom
bfalls bor binjury
-assess bfor bcomplaints bof bflank bor babdominal bpain band bstrain burine bto blook bfor
bstone bformation
-decrease bcalcium brich bfoods band bintake bof bcalcium-preserving bdrugs blike
bthiazides, bsupplements, bvitamin bD
Hyponatremia- bCAUSES b- bcorrect banswers✔✔remember bNO bNA+
N: bNa+ bexcretion bincreased bwith brenal bproblems, bNG bsuction b(GI bsystem brich bin
bsodium), bvomiting, bdiuretics, bsweating, bdiarrhea, bdecreased bsecretion bof
baldosterone b(diabetes binsipidus) b(wasting bsodium)
O: boverload bof bfluid bwith bCHF, bhypotonic bfluids binfusions, brenal bfailure b(dilutes
bsodium), bhead bhit- bstroke bof bsome btype, bpart bof bbrain bcan bmake bit blow
N: bNa+ bintake blow bthrough bsalt bdiets bor bNPO
A: bantidiuretic bhormone bover bsecreted
Hyponatremia- bS/S b- bcorrect banswers✔✔remember bSALT bLOSS
S: bseizures band bstupor
A: battitude bchanges b(confusion)
L: blethargy
T: btendon breflexes bdiminished, btrouble bconcentrating b(confusion)
L: bloss bof burine band bappetite
O: borthostatic bhypotension, boveractive bbowel bsounds
S: bshallow brespirations
S: bspasms bof bmuscles
Hypokalemia- bCAUSES b- bcorrect banswers✔✔*** balkalotic. bbody bis btrying bto bDITCH
bpotassium.***
D: bdrugs b(laxatives, bloop/thiazide bdiuretics)
I: binadequate bconsumption bof bpotassium b(NPO, bstarving)
T: btoo bmuch bwater bintake b(dilutes bpotassium)
C: bCushing's bSyndrome
H: bHeavy bfluid bloss b(diarrhea, bvomiting, bNG bsuction, bwound bdrainage, bsweating)
Hypokalemia- bS/S b- bcorrect banswers✔✔A bSIC bWALT
A: balkalosis b
S: bshallow brespirations
I: birritability
C: bconfusion band bdrowsiness
W: bweakness band bfatigue
A: barrhythmias b
L: blethargy
T: bthread bpulse
Hypokalemia- bINTERVENTIONS b- bcorrect banswers✔✔-watch bother belectrolytes
b(magnesium bespecially bas bit bdecreases btoo b& bhard bto bget bpotassium bback bup bif
bmagnesium bis blow)
-never bgive bIV bpush, bIM bor bSUBQ
-if bgiving bIV bgive baccording bto bbag binstruction- b20 bmeq/mL bin b1L bbag, b100ml ban
bhour
***always bwatch bpatients bto bsee bhow bthey breact bto bmedication.
Hyperkalemia- bCAUSES b- bcorrect banswers✔✔the bbody bCARED btoo bmuch babout
bpotassium
C: bcellular bmovement bof bpotassium bfrom bintracellular bto bextracellular b(burns, btissue
bdamage, bacidosis)
A: badrenal binsufficiency bw/ bAddison's bdisease
R: brenal bfailure
E: bexcessive bintake
D: bDrugs b(potassium-sparing bdrugs blike bAldactone, bTriamterene, bACE binhibitors,
bNSAIDS)
,Hyperkalemia- bS/S b- bcorrect banswers✔✔MURDER
M: bmuscle bweakness
U: burine boutput- blittle
R: brespiratory bfailure b(due bto bdecreased bability bto buse bbreathing bmuscles)
D: bdecreased bcardiac bcontractility b(weak bpulse, blow bBP)
E: bearly bsigns bof bmuscle btwitches/cramps- blate bsigns bprofound bweakness
R: brhythm bchanges
Hyperkalemia- bINTERVENTIONS b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Prepare bpatient bfor bdialysis
bif bthey bare brenal bfailure band bget bdialysis bregularly bas bthey bwill bhave bhigh
bpotassium. bKayexalate bis bsometimes bordered, bpromotes bGI bsodium babsorption
bwhich bcauses bpotassium bexcretion, bgive bpotassium bwasting bdiuretics blike bLasix bor
bhydrochlorothiazide, badminister bhypertonic bsolution bof bglucose band bregular binsulin
bto bpull bpotassium binto bcell b(glucagon band binsulin). bCut bback bon bfoods bthat bare
bhigh bin bpotassium
foods bhigh bin bpotassium b- bcorrect banswers✔✔potatoes, bpork, boranges, btomatoes,
bavocados, bstrawberries, bspinach, bfish, bmushrooms, bmusk bmelons, bcantaloupe,
bcarrots, braisins, bbananas
Hypocalcemia- bCAUSES b- bcorrect banswers✔✔remember bLOW bCALCIUM
L: blow bparathyroid bhormone
O: boral bintake binadequate
W: bwound bdrainage
C: bCeliac's band bCrohn's b
A: bacute bpancreatitis b
L: blow bvitamin bD blevels
C: bchronic bkidney bissues
I: bincreased bphosphorus blevels bin bthe bblood
U: busing bmedication bsuch bas bmagnesium bsupplements, blaxatives, bloop bdiuretics,
bcalcium bbinder bdrugs
M: bmobility bissues
Hypocalcemia- bS/S b- bcorrect banswers✔✔CRAMPs
C: bconfusion
R: breflexes bhyperactive
A: barrhythmias b
M: bmuscles bspasms bin bcalves bor bfeet, btetany, bseizures b
P: bpositive bTrousseau b(before bChvostek)
Hypocalcemia- bINTERVENTIONS b- bcorrect banswers✔✔-safety b(watch bfor bfalls bdue
bto bconfusion)
-administer bIV bcalcium
-administer bcalcium boral bwith bvitamin bD bsupplements
, foods bhigh bin bcalcium b- bcorrect banswers✔✔yogurt, bsardines, bcheese, bspinach,
bcollard bgreens, btofu, brhubarb, bmilk
Hypercalcemia- bCAUSES b- bcorrect banswers✔✔remember bHIGH bCAL
H: bhyperparathyroidism
I: bincreased bintake bof bcalcium
G: bglucocorticoid busage b
H: bhyperthyroidism
C: bcalcium bexcretion bdecreased bwith bthiazide bdiuretics band brenal bfailure, bcancer bof
bthe bbones
A: badrenal binsufficiency b(Addison's bdisease)
L: blithium busage
Hypercalcemia- bS/S b- bcorrect banswers✔✔the bbody bis btoo bWEAK
W: bweakness bof bmuscles b(profound)
E: bEKG bchanges
A: babsent breflexes, babsent bminded b(disoriented), babdominal bdistention bfrom
bconstipation b
K: bkidney bstone bformation
Hypercalcemia- bINTERVENTIONS b- bcorrect banswers✔✔-keep bpatient bsafe bfrom
bfalls bor binjury
-assess bfor bcomplaints bof bflank bor babdominal bpain band bstrain burine bto blook bfor
bstone bformation
-decrease bcalcium brich bfoods band bintake bof bcalcium-preserving bdrugs blike
bthiazides, bsupplements, bvitamin bD
Hyponatremia- bCAUSES b- bcorrect banswers✔✔remember bNO bNA+
N: bNa+ bexcretion bincreased bwith brenal bproblems, bNG bsuction b(GI bsystem brich bin
bsodium), bvomiting, bdiuretics, bsweating, bdiarrhea, bdecreased bsecretion bof
baldosterone b(diabetes binsipidus) b(wasting bsodium)
O: boverload bof bfluid bwith bCHF, bhypotonic bfluids binfusions, brenal bfailure b(dilutes
bsodium), bhead bhit- bstroke bof bsome btype, bpart bof bbrain bcan bmake bit blow
N: bNa+ bintake blow bthrough bsalt bdiets bor bNPO
A: bantidiuretic bhormone bover bsecreted
Hyponatremia- bS/S b- bcorrect banswers✔✔remember bSALT bLOSS
S: bseizures band bstupor
A: battitude bchanges b(confusion)
L: blethargy
T: btendon breflexes bdiminished, btrouble bconcentrating b(confusion)
L: bloss bof burine band bappetite
O: borthostatic bhypotension, boveractive bbowel bsounds
S: bshallow brespirations
S: bspasms bof bmuscles
