ATI Comprehensive RN Review Guide 2025: Key Nursing Concepts & Practice Questions

ATI Comprehensive RN Review Guide 2025: Key Nursing Concepts & Practice QuestionsATI Comprehensive RN Review Guide 2025: Key Nursing Concepts & Practice QuestionsATI Comprehensive RN Review Guide 2025: Key Nursing Concepts & Practice QuestionsATI Comprehensive RN Review Guide 2025: Key Nursing Concepts & Practice QuestionsATI Comprehensive RN Review Guide 2025: Key Nursing Concepts & Practice Questions 1. Hemolytic transfusion reaction manifestations: Chills, fever Nausea, anxiety, impending sense of doom Low-back pain, chest tightening or pain Tachycardia, hypotension, tachypnea Flushing Hemoglobinuria 2. Macular degeneration manifestations: Lack of depth perception Objects appear distorted Blurred vision Loss of central vision Blindness 3. Cataracts manifestations: Decreased visual acuity (Rx changes, reduced night vision, decreased color perception) Blurred vision Diplopia Progressive and painless loss of vision Visible opacity Absent red reflex 4. Glaucoma: primary open angle manifestations: HA Mild eye pain loss of peripheral vision decreased accommodation Halos seen around lights Elevated IOP (greater than 21 mm Hg: usually 22-32) 5. Glaucoma: primary angle-closure manifestations: Rapid onset of elevated IOP (30 mm Hg or higher) Decreased or blurred vision Colored halos seen around lights pupils nonreactive to light Severe pain and nausea Photophobia 6. Risk factors for pressure injuries: Diarrhea, incontinence Low hemoglobin Low albumin level Recent weight loss 7. TPN education: - nutritional needs are greater than oral or enteral can provide (burn injuries) - POC BGL - provides vitamins, minerals w/ cals. - for hyper metabolic states - pt w/ egg allergy will be intolerant of lipid solutions. 8. fluid volume deficit manifestations: VS: hypothermia, tachycardia, thready pulse, hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, decreased CVP, tachypnea, hypoxia. NM: dizziness, syncope, confusion, weakness, fatigue GI: thirst, dry furrowed tongue, N/V, anorexia, acute weight loss. Renal: oliguria. 9. Fluid volume excess manifestations: • Pitting edema, sacral edema. • Dyspnea, crackles, possible pulmonary edema. • Bounding pulse, weight gain. • Lethargy, dizziness, headache, confusion. • Increased CVP, jugular vein distention. • Increased blood pressure. decreased BUN, visual disturbances, SOB 10. Early decelerations: *safe* Begin prior to peak of the contraction and end by the end of it. they are caused by head compression. no need for intervention if variability is within normal range (6-10) and the FHR is within normal range. 11. Late decelerations: Bad (placental insufficiency) LION: left side. Increase IV. Oxygenation. 12. umbilical cord prolapse: Initial action = elevate the presenting fetal part to reduce compression on cord -- can place in knee-chest or deep Trendelenburg position to further relieve com- pression 13. vaso-occlusive crisis: Ischemia and pain caused by sickle-shaped red blood cells that obstruct blood flow to a portion of the body. visual disturbance, hematuria, painful swelling extremities, fever, tachy, PAIN 14. Safety for children: -infant: lead poisoning, electrocution, drowning, car seat - on ground. -toddler: hotdog length wise, no skateboarding. -school age: bike, sports, abductions -adolescent: risky behavior, driving, sex, peer pressure 15. Lithium Carbonate adverse effects: Expected findings: lethargy, polyuria, fine hand tremors Emergent: confusion 16. emergency preparedness plan: notify the incident commander first 17. Nursing interventions for AV fistulas: - palpate for thrill - auscultate for bruit - encourage ROM exercises - NO labs/IV on affected extremity 18. Complications of OSA: - weight gain - enuresis - HTN 19. Expected findings for methylenedioxymtheamphetamine (MDMA): Di- aphoresis Tachycardia 20. Cyclophophamide: do not touch antiemetic BEFORE administration maintain hydration w/ liberal fluid intake to prevent hemorrhagic cystitis 21. Glomerulonephritis - lab findings: UA - RBCs & protein eGFR decreased. 24-hr UA, increased in acute/decreased in chornic BUN & Creatinine - increased Hyperkalemina, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia. 22. glomerulonephritis manifestations: Reddish-brown or cola-colored urine S3 heart sound Weight gain Difficulty breathing, crackles Anorexia Nausea Dysuria, oliguria Fatigue 23. Ostomy care - two piece: - cleanse with washcloth and warm water - dry skin around stoma w/ patting motion - skin barrier over the stoma, hold for 30 seconds - Cut no more than 0.13 inches 24. Percutaneous gastrostomy medication administration: - flush with 30 mL of water before administering. - each med separate - change bag and tubing q24-48hr. 25. Important hand off information: - transfer status (up ab lib, x1, etc) - most recent critical lab, PRN meds 26. Foods to avoid for pts w/ uric acid-based urinary calculi formation: organ meats, poultry, fish, gravies, red wine, and sardines