1
SOLUTION MANUAL American Government: Politica
Development and Institutional Change 12th Edition by Ca
Jillson, All Chapters 1 - 16
, 2
TABLEGOFGCONTENTS
1. ChapterG1GTheGOriginsGofGAmericanGPoliticalGPrinciples
2. ChapterG2GTheGRevolutionGandGtheGConstitution
3. ChapterG3GFederalismGandGAmericanGPoliticalGDevelopment
4. ChapterG4GPoliticalGSocializationGandGPublicGOpinion
5. ChapterG5GTheGMassGMediaGandGtheGPoliticalGAgenda
6. ChapterG6GInterestGGroups:GTheGPoliticsGofGInfluence
7. ChapterG7GPoliticalGParties:GWinningGtheGRightGtoGGovern
8. ChapterG8GVoting,GCampaigns,GandGElections
9. ChapterG9GCongress:GPartisanship,GPolarization,GandGGridlock
10. ChapterG10GTheGPresident:GExecutiveGPowerGinGaGSeparationGofGPowersGRegime
11. ChapterG11GBureaucracy:GRedesigningGGovernmentGforGtheGTwenty-FirstGCentury
12. ChapterG12GTheGFederalGCourts:GActivismGversusGRestraint
13. ChapterG13GCivilGLiberties:GOrderedGLibertyGinGAmerica
14. ChapterG14GCivilGRights:GWhereGLibertyGandGEqualityGCollide
15. ChapterG15GGovernment,GTheGEconomy,GandGDomesticGPolicy
16. ChapterG16GAmerica’sGGlobalGRoleGinGtheGTwenty-FirstGCentury
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ChapterG1
THEGORIGINSGOFGAMERICANGPOLITICALGPRINCIPLES
FOCUSGQUESTIONS
Q1 WhatGareGtheGbroadGpurposesGofGgovernment?
A1
TheGancientsGbelievedGtheGroleGofGgovernmentGandGpoliticsGwasGtoGfosterGhu
manG excellence.GHowever,GitGisGimperativeGtoGrememberGthatGtheGGreeksGandGRo
mansG believedGtheGvirtuousGshouldGruleGaccordingGtoGnaturalGlaw.GFurthermore,Gv
aluesofG equalityGandGorderGwouldGbeGservedGthroughGaGsocietyGbasedGuponGthe
GruleGoflaw GtoG provideGforGtheGcommonGgood.GInGtheGMiddleGAges,GgovernmentG
wasGlargelyGusedG toGfacilitateGreligionGandGmaintainedGtheGneedGforGtheGindivid
ualGtoGliveGaGproperGlifeG inGtheGserviceGofGGod.GTheGroleGofGgovernmentGchange
dGinGtheGearlyGsixteenthG centuryGbyGdownplayingGtheGroleGofGreligionGwhileGalter
nativelyGpromotingGtheGroleG ofGlimitedGgovernmentGtoGprotectGprivateGpropertyG
andGindividualGrights.
Q2 HowGshouldGgovernmentGbeGdesignedGtoGachieveGitsGpurposes?
A2 AccordingGtoGPlatoGtheGphilosopher-
king’sGwisdomGandGintellectGwouldGpromoteG order,GstabilityGandGjustice.GYet,GAristo
tleGtakesGaGmoreGrealisticGviewGofGAthenianG societyGbyGadvocatingGtheGbestGformG
ofGgovernmentGasGaGpolity,GwhichGcombinedG oligarchicGandGdemocraticGelementsGt
oGproduceGpoliticalGstability.GTheGRomansG combinedGmonarchical,Garistocratic,Gand
GdemocraticGprinciplesGasGaGmixedG governmentGwithinGrepresentativeGbodiesGlikeGt
heGSenateGandGtheGAssemblyGinGorderG toGchampionGtheGcausesGofGbothGtheGrichGan
dGtheGpoor.GGovernmentGinGtheMiddleG AgesGwasGdeterminedGthroughGdivineGright,
GwherebyGaGmonarchGorGPopeG wasG ordainedGbyGGodGtoGrule.GHence,GwisdomGan
dGvirtueGrestedGwithinGtheseGfewG individualsGwhoGgovernedGtoGpromoteGreligiousGli
feGandGprotectGtheGreligiousG establishment.GTheGRenaissance,GProtestantGReformati
on,GandGEnlightenmentG PeriodsGshiftedGtheGroleGofGgovernmentGfromGupholdingGreli
giousGdoctrineGtoG secularG concerns,GsuchGasGprotectingGinalienableGrights,Gincluding
GprivateG property,GandG promotingGcommerce.GInGturn,GEnlightenmentGpolitical
©G2023GTaylorG&GFrancis
, 4
philosophersGlargelyGappealedGtoGindividualismGandGnotGreligiousGhierarchyGasGam
eansG toGprovideGorderGandGstabilityGinGwhichGindividualsGcouldGflourish.
Q3
WhatGlessonsGaboutGgovernmentGdidGcolonialGAmericansGdrawGfromGtheGhistoryG
ofancientGGreeceGandG Rome?
A3
PlatoGwasGsuspiciousGofGdemocracy’sGruleGofGtheGmanyGbecauseGgoodGgover
nmentG wouldGdecayGintoGmobGrule.GHence,GtheGpassionsGofGtheGmassesGneededGtoG
beG quelledG byGmoreGaristocraticGelements.GWithGthisGproblemGinGmind,GtheGFramer
sGoftheGU.S.G ConstitutionGreferencedGtheGinstitutionalGdesignGofGtheGRomanGrepublic
GadheredGtoG theGtraditionGofGmixedGgovernmentGinitiallyGexpoundedGbyGAristotleG
andGtheGRomans.G ThisGwasGmaintainedGinGtheGindirectGselectionGofGbothGtheGSenate
andGtheGpresidencyG withinGtheGConstitution.GAristotleGalsoGadvocatedGmixingGaristo
craticGandGdemocraticG elementsGinGaGgoverningGstructureGcalledGaGpolity.GInGeffect,
GthisGgovernmentalGdesignG allowedGtheGfewGandGtheGmanyGtoGparticipateGinGtheGp
oliticsGprovidingGanGorderlyG societyGwhereGtheGpoorGshouldGbeGableGtoGselectGgov
ernmentGofficialsGwhoGwereGheldG accountable.GThisGwasGalsoGmadeGmanifestGintheG
ConstitutionGwithGitsGaristocratic-
likeG SenateGandGtheGmoreGdemocraticGHouseGofGRepresentatives.GThusGtheGAmeric
anG republic’sGConstitutionGestablishedGinstitutionalGpowersGtoGgovernGaccordingGtoG
theG ruleGofGlaw.GWhileGtheGFramersGrejectedGtheGreligiousGhierarchyGofGtheGMiddle
GAges,G theyGappealedGtoGinalienableGrightsGendowedGuponGeveryGindividualGbyG
God,GperGtheG writingsGofGJohnGLocke,GinGwhichGaGjustGgovernmentGandGsocietyGcoul
dGnotGbeG impeded.
Q4 WhatGcircumstancesGledGEuropeansGtoGleaveGtheirGhomelandsGtoGsettleGinGAmerica?
A4
IndividualsGimmigratedGtoGtheGcoloniesGtoGescapeGreligiousGpersecutionGandG
civilG unrestGafterGtheGEnglishGCivilGWarGandGtoGpursueGsocialGandGeconomicG opport
unities.G ColonistsGenjoyedGaGvastGarrayGofGnaturalGresourcesGandGaGlargeGgeogra
phicalGareaG whereGfreedomGofGreligionGandGeconomicGopportunityGflourished.GAls
o,GtheirG heterogeneousGsocialGcompositionGasGwellGasGcontinualGpromotionGofGideals
,GsuchGasG equalityGandGtolerance,GtendedGtoGpromoteGpoliticalGfreedomGatGtheGsa
meGtimeGthatG socialGexpansionGofGtheGpopulationGwasGoccurring.
Q5 WhatGdidGdemocracyGmeanGtoGourGcolonialGancestors,GandGdidGtheyGapproveGit?
A5
TheGcolonistsGwereGskepticalGofGdemocracyGandGviewedGthisGtypeGofGgovern
ingG authorityGasGmobGrule.GSocietyGwasGlargelyGseenGasGsegmentedGintoGthoseGwh
oGshouldG ruleGandGthoseGwhoGshouldGnot.GInGfact,GtheGFoundersGbelievedGthatGtheG
eliteG(well-
G educated,GlandGowners)GshouldGoccupyGpositionsGofGleadership.GThus,G anGaristocr
aticG elementGwithinGgovernmentGwasGnecessaryGtoGprotectGagainstGthethreatGofGm
obGruleG historicallyGassociatedGwithGdemocracy.GFundamentally,GtheGideaGofGrepu
blicanismG wasGpromotedGasGanGidealGatGaGhigherGlevelGthanGdemocracy.GThisGwas
GmadeGmostG manifestGinGtheGtendencyGtoGpreferGmixed
© 2023 Taylor & Francis
SOLUTION MANUAL American Government: Politica
Development and Institutional Change 12th Edition by Ca
Jillson, All Chapters 1 - 16
, 2
TABLEGOFGCONTENTS
1. ChapterG1GTheGOriginsGofGAmericanGPoliticalGPrinciples
2. ChapterG2GTheGRevolutionGandGtheGConstitution
3. ChapterG3GFederalismGandGAmericanGPoliticalGDevelopment
4. ChapterG4GPoliticalGSocializationGandGPublicGOpinion
5. ChapterG5GTheGMassGMediaGandGtheGPoliticalGAgenda
6. ChapterG6GInterestGGroups:GTheGPoliticsGofGInfluence
7. ChapterG7GPoliticalGParties:GWinningGtheGRightGtoGGovern
8. ChapterG8GVoting,GCampaigns,GandGElections
9. ChapterG9GCongress:GPartisanship,GPolarization,GandGGridlock
10. ChapterG10GTheGPresident:GExecutiveGPowerGinGaGSeparationGofGPowersGRegime
11. ChapterG11GBureaucracy:GRedesigningGGovernmentGforGtheGTwenty-FirstGCentury
12. ChapterG12GTheGFederalGCourts:GActivismGversusGRestraint
13. ChapterG13GCivilGLiberties:GOrderedGLibertyGinGAmerica
14. ChapterG14GCivilGRights:GWhereGLibertyGandGEqualityGCollide
15. ChapterG15GGovernment,GTheGEconomy,GandGDomesticGPolicy
16. ChapterG16GAmerica’sGGlobalGRoleGinGtheGTwenty-FirstGCentury
, 3
ChapterG1
THEGORIGINSGOFGAMERICANGPOLITICALGPRINCIPLES
FOCUSGQUESTIONS
Q1 WhatGareGtheGbroadGpurposesGofGgovernment?
A1
TheGancientsGbelievedGtheGroleGofGgovernmentGandGpoliticsGwasGtoGfosterGhu
manG excellence.GHowever,GitGisGimperativeGtoGrememberGthatGtheGGreeksGandGRo
mansG believedGtheGvirtuousGshouldGruleGaccordingGtoGnaturalGlaw.GFurthermore,Gv
aluesofG equalityGandGorderGwouldGbeGservedGthroughGaGsocietyGbasedGuponGthe
GruleGoflaw GtoG provideGforGtheGcommonGgood.GInGtheGMiddleGAges,GgovernmentG
wasGlargelyGusedG toGfacilitateGreligionGandGmaintainedGtheGneedGforGtheGindivid
ualGtoGliveGaGproperGlifeG inGtheGserviceGofGGod.GTheGroleGofGgovernmentGchange
dGinGtheGearlyGsixteenthG centuryGbyGdownplayingGtheGroleGofGreligionGwhileGalter
nativelyGpromotingGtheGroleG ofGlimitedGgovernmentGtoGprotectGprivateGpropertyG
andGindividualGrights.
Q2 HowGshouldGgovernmentGbeGdesignedGtoGachieveGitsGpurposes?
A2 AccordingGtoGPlatoGtheGphilosopher-
king’sGwisdomGandGintellectGwouldGpromoteG order,GstabilityGandGjustice.GYet,GAristo
tleGtakesGaGmoreGrealisticGviewGofGAthenianG societyGbyGadvocatingGtheGbestGformG
ofGgovernmentGasGaGpolity,GwhichGcombinedG oligarchicGandGdemocraticGelementsGt
oGproduceGpoliticalGstability.GTheGRomansG combinedGmonarchical,Garistocratic,Gand
GdemocraticGprinciplesGasGaGmixedG governmentGwithinGrepresentativeGbodiesGlikeGt
heGSenateGandGtheGAssemblyGinGorderG toGchampionGtheGcausesGofGbothGtheGrichGan
dGtheGpoor.GGovernmentGinGtheMiddleG AgesGwasGdeterminedGthroughGdivineGright,
GwherebyGaGmonarchGorGPopeG wasG ordainedGbyGGodGtoGrule.GHence,GwisdomGan
dGvirtueGrestedGwithinGtheseGfewG individualsGwhoGgovernedGtoGpromoteGreligiousGli
feGandGprotectGtheGreligiousG establishment.GTheGRenaissance,GProtestantGReformati
on,GandGEnlightenmentG PeriodsGshiftedGtheGroleGofGgovernmentGfromGupholdingGreli
giousGdoctrineGtoG secularG concerns,GsuchGasGprotectingGinalienableGrights,Gincluding
GprivateG property,GandG promotingGcommerce.GInGturn,GEnlightenmentGpolitical
©G2023GTaylorG&GFrancis
, 4
philosophersGlargelyGappealedGtoGindividualismGandGnotGreligiousGhierarchyGasGam
eansG toGprovideGorderGandGstabilityGinGwhichGindividualsGcouldGflourish.
Q3
WhatGlessonsGaboutGgovernmentGdidGcolonialGAmericansGdrawGfromGtheGhistoryG
ofancientGGreeceGandG Rome?
A3
PlatoGwasGsuspiciousGofGdemocracy’sGruleGofGtheGmanyGbecauseGgoodGgover
nmentG wouldGdecayGintoGmobGrule.GHence,GtheGpassionsGofGtheGmassesGneededGtoG
beG quelledG byGmoreGaristocraticGelements.GWithGthisGproblemGinGmind,GtheGFramer
sGoftheGU.S.G ConstitutionGreferencedGtheGinstitutionalGdesignGofGtheGRomanGrepublic
GadheredGtoG theGtraditionGofGmixedGgovernmentGinitiallyGexpoundedGbyGAristotleG
andGtheGRomans.G ThisGwasGmaintainedGinGtheGindirectGselectionGofGbothGtheGSenate
andGtheGpresidencyG withinGtheGConstitution.GAristotleGalsoGadvocatedGmixingGaristo
craticGandGdemocraticG elementsGinGaGgoverningGstructureGcalledGaGpolity.GInGeffect,
GthisGgovernmentalGdesignG allowedGtheGfewGandGtheGmanyGtoGparticipateGinGtheGp
oliticsGprovidingGanGorderlyG societyGwhereGtheGpoorGshouldGbeGableGtoGselectGgov
ernmentGofficialsGwhoGwereGheldG accountable.GThisGwasGalsoGmadeGmanifestGintheG
ConstitutionGwithGitsGaristocratic-
likeG SenateGandGtheGmoreGdemocraticGHouseGofGRepresentatives.GThusGtheGAmeric
anG republic’sGConstitutionGestablishedGinstitutionalGpowersGtoGgovernGaccordingGtoG
theG ruleGofGlaw.GWhileGtheGFramersGrejectedGtheGreligiousGhierarchyGofGtheGMiddle
GAges,G theyGappealedGtoGinalienableGrightsGendowedGuponGeveryGindividualGbyG
God,GperGtheG writingsGofGJohnGLocke,GinGwhichGaGjustGgovernmentGandGsocietyGcoul
dGnotGbeG impeded.
Q4 WhatGcircumstancesGledGEuropeansGtoGleaveGtheirGhomelandsGtoGsettleGinGAmerica?
A4
IndividualsGimmigratedGtoGtheGcoloniesGtoGescapeGreligiousGpersecutionGandG
civilG unrestGafterGtheGEnglishGCivilGWarGandGtoGpursueGsocialGandGeconomicG opport
unities.G ColonistsGenjoyedGaGvastGarrayGofGnaturalGresourcesGandGaGlargeGgeogra
phicalGareaG whereGfreedomGofGreligionGandGeconomicGopportunityGflourished.GAls
o,GtheirG heterogeneousGsocialGcompositionGasGwellGasGcontinualGpromotionGofGideals
,GsuchGasG equalityGandGtolerance,GtendedGtoGpromoteGpoliticalGfreedomGatGtheGsa
meGtimeGthatG socialGexpansionGofGtheGpopulationGwasGoccurring.
Q5 WhatGdidGdemocracyGmeanGtoGourGcolonialGancestors,GandGdidGtheyGapproveGit?
A5
TheGcolonistsGwereGskepticalGofGdemocracyGandGviewedGthisGtypeGofGgovern
ingG authorityGasGmobGrule.GSocietyGwasGlargelyGseenGasGsegmentedGintoGthoseGwh
oGshouldG ruleGandGthoseGwhoGshouldGnot.GInGfact,GtheGFoundersGbelievedGthatGtheG
eliteG(well-
G educated,GlandGowners)GshouldGoccupyGpositionsGofGleadership.GThus,G anGaristocr
aticG elementGwithinGgovernmentGwasGnecessaryGtoGprotectGagainstGthethreatGofGm
obGruleG historicallyGassociatedGwithGdemocracy.GFundamentally,GtheGideaGofGrepu
blicanismG wasGpromotedGasGanGidealGatGaGhigherGlevelGthanGdemocracy.GThisGwas
GmadeGmostG manifestGinGtheGtendencyGtoGpreferGmixed
© 2023 Taylor & Francis
