CLEP PRINCIPLES OF
MANAGEMENT EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Explicit and Implicit Coercion - ANSWER✔✔-when managers tell employees that
changes are vital and they must accept them and become involved
- failure to do so will results in sanctions and punishments
Synergy Effect - ANSWER✔✔-when individuals share thoughts, one person's ideas
stimulate another to think of issues that would not have arisen working alone
synergy - ANSWER✔✔-the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
process loss - ANSWER✔✔-a sub-optimal decision process whereby the available
information is not shared and used in the decision-making process
Group decision-making advantages - ANSWER✔✔-- additional informational resources
- different decision styles
- greater understanding of underlying issue
- greater acceptance of decision outcomes
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,- group synergy effects
guidelines for effective group meetings - ANSWER✔✔-- use meetings for the right
purpose
- distribute an agenda in advance
- start on time and follow the agenda
- control participation
- push for decisions
- assign responsibility for follow-up
- appoint a process observer or seek feedback
guidelines for effective controls - ANSWER✔✔-- build and internal orientation
- be selective and strategic in designing
- be flexible, allow budget busting, and have contingencies
- be understandable and fair in appearance
- focus on rewarding not punishing
- look at results
Adaptive Strategies - ANSWER✔✔-- boundary spanners
- flexible structures
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,- partnerships and mergers
Influencing Strategies - ANSWER✔✔-- lobbying
- public relations
- community roles
boundary spanners - ANSWER✔✔-roles on the periphery of an organization
flexible structures - ANSWER✔✔-
mergers - ANSWER✔✔-
partnerhsips - ANSWER✔✔-
lobbying - ANSWER✔✔-
public relations - ANSWER✔✔-
community roles - ANSWER✔✔-
concern for self - ANSWER✔✔-
concern for others - ANSWER✔✔-
frederick w. taylor - ANSWER✔✔-- scientific management approach
- advocated the observation and measurement of work
- hiring workers more suited to the task they performed
- advocated for paying at a higher rate for exceeding the standard
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, - encouraged the establishment of specialized departments to record cost info and
process analyses
- one of the first consultants
max weber - ANSWER✔✔-advocated a set of principles to make office work more
professional
Principles of Bureaucracy - ANSWER✔✔-- employees should be hired based on job
qualifications rather than personal connections
- provided written documentation of actions and rules to govern office functions
- employees should be trained in all procedures
- encourage a career with room for growth
general environment - ANSWER✔✔-broadest category of issues in the environment to
which managers must pay attention
forces in the general environment - ANSWER✔✔-- economy
- technology
- legal-poliitcal
- socio-cultural
forces in the immediate environment - ANSWER✔✔-- customer
- competitor
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
MANAGEMENT EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Explicit and Implicit Coercion - ANSWER✔✔-when managers tell employees that
changes are vital and they must accept them and become involved
- failure to do so will results in sanctions and punishments
Synergy Effect - ANSWER✔✔-when individuals share thoughts, one person's ideas
stimulate another to think of issues that would not have arisen working alone
synergy - ANSWER✔✔-the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
process loss - ANSWER✔✔-a sub-optimal decision process whereby the available
information is not shared and used in the decision-making process
Group decision-making advantages - ANSWER✔✔-- additional informational resources
- different decision styles
- greater understanding of underlying issue
- greater acceptance of decision outcomes
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,- group synergy effects
guidelines for effective group meetings - ANSWER✔✔-- use meetings for the right
purpose
- distribute an agenda in advance
- start on time and follow the agenda
- control participation
- push for decisions
- assign responsibility for follow-up
- appoint a process observer or seek feedback
guidelines for effective controls - ANSWER✔✔-- build and internal orientation
- be selective and strategic in designing
- be flexible, allow budget busting, and have contingencies
- be understandable and fair in appearance
- focus on rewarding not punishing
- look at results
Adaptive Strategies - ANSWER✔✔-- boundary spanners
- flexible structures
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,- partnerships and mergers
Influencing Strategies - ANSWER✔✔-- lobbying
- public relations
- community roles
boundary spanners - ANSWER✔✔-roles on the periphery of an organization
flexible structures - ANSWER✔✔-
mergers - ANSWER✔✔-
partnerhsips - ANSWER✔✔-
lobbying - ANSWER✔✔-
public relations - ANSWER✔✔-
community roles - ANSWER✔✔-
concern for self - ANSWER✔✔-
concern for others - ANSWER✔✔-
frederick w. taylor - ANSWER✔✔-- scientific management approach
- advocated the observation and measurement of work
- hiring workers more suited to the task they performed
- advocated for paying at a higher rate for exceeding the standard
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, - encouraged the establishment of specialized departments to record cost info and
process analyses
- one of the first consultants
max weber - ANSWER✔✔-advocated a set of principles to make office work more
professional
Principles of Bureaucracy - ANSWER✔✔-- employees should be hired based on job
qualifications rather than personal connections
- provided written documentation of actions and rules to govern office functions
- employees should be trained in all procedures
- encourage a career with room for growth
general environment - ANSWER✔✔-broadest category of issues in the environment to
which managers must pay attention
forces in the general environment - ANSWER✔✔-- economy
- technology
- legal-poliitcal
- socio-cultural
forces in the immediate environment - ANSWER✔✔-- customer
- competitor
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
