CARDIAC FINAL EXAM

CARDIAC FINAL EXAM NEW VERSION UPDATE WITH
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ACTUAL ANSWERS
FROM A VERIFIED SOURCE GRADED A+.



When CvO2 and SvO2 decreases when ______ decreases. (On Notecard) -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Cardiac Output

What is the normal VO2? (On Notecard) - CORRECT ANSWERS-250
ml/minute

When is pulmonary HTN diagnosed? - CORRECT ANSWERS-MPAP > 25
mmHg

What are tx (4) for pulmonary HTN? (On Notecard) - CORRECT
ANSWERS-- O2
- Sildenafil
- INO
- Epoprostenol (IV or inhaled)

How does pulmonary HTN turn into cor pulmonale? (On Notecard) -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Pulm. vasoconstriction increases RV afterload =
hypertrophy = failure

Pulmonary embolisms are diseases that most commonly increase ____ ___.
- CORRECT ANSWERS-Alveolar deadspace

How do you diagnose a PE? (4) (On Notecard) - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Spiral CT w/ contrast (BEST)
- D-Dimer lab
- V/Q Scan
- Pulmonary Angiogram

,What will a PE chest x-ray show? (On Notecard) - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Peripheral wedge shaped infiltrate

How do you treat a PE (4)? (On Notecard) - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Heparin
- Systemic thrombolytics:
-tPA
- Streptokinase
- Inferior vena cava filters

What will a chest x-ray with pulmonary edema look like? (On Notecard) -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Butterfly/batwing pattern around perihilar
region

CAD is the leading cause of _____. (____) - CORRECT ANSWERS-Death
(1/3)

The most common cause of CAD is ______. - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Atherosclerosis

What is used to treat CAD? (4) (On Notecard) - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Antiplatelets
- Beta blockers
- Fibrinolytic drugs
- PCI or CABG

What is cardiomyopathy? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Abnormality in the
myocardium, prevents blood from pumping effectively

In CHF, the blood isn't being pumped efficiently causing blood & fluid to
_____ around the ____. - CORRECT ANSWERS-Congest, lungs
(pulmonary edema)

What are the treatments available for CHF? (5) (On Notecard) -
CORRECT ANSWERS-- Diuretics

, - Nitrates
- Positive inotropes
- ACE Inhibitors
- NPPV

What is endocarditis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Infection of the
endocardium (inner lining)

What is pericarditis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Swelling of the
pericardium

What is cardiac tamponade? - CORRECT ANSWERS-compression of
the heart by an accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac (CO is
reduced!)

PEEP can potentially reduce ____ & ____ in the heart. - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Afterload & preload (which can relieve congestion & improve
CO)

Changes in lung volumes affect _____. - CORRECT ANSWERS-PVR

The optimal PEEP: _____ units that were collapsed, will ____ ___. -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Recruits, reduce PVR

Hyperinflation from PEEP can cause the pulmonary circuit to be ____, ____
will increase - CORRECT ANSWERS-compressed, PVR will increased

Cardiogenic Shock is: - CORRECT ANSWERS-LV Failure results in
circulatory failure VASOCONSTRICTION (SVR increases)

Treatment for cardiogenic shock includes: (On Notecard) - CORRECT
ANSWERS-- Positive inotropic agents

Obstructive shock is: - CORRECT ANSWERS-An obstruction prevents
blood from pumping forward VASOCONSTRICTION (SVR increases)