NU-126: Module 1 Exam questions with verified
answers
- always due to a resp problem w/ inadequate excretion of CO2
- chronic emphysema
- bronchitis
- COPD
- obstructive sleep apnea
- obesity
- overdose Ans✓✓✓ causes of respiratory acidosis:
- body attempts to correct blood pH changes
- respiratory compensation
- kidney compensation Ans✓✓✓ compensation
- can be both isotonic and hypotonic
- 1/3 is extracellular, 2/3 is intracellular
- given to supply water and correct increases in serum osmolarity
- use caution in patients with increased intracranial pressure due to
hyperglycemic effects
- 1 L provides 170 kcal (a minor source of the body's daily requirement)
Ans✓✓✓ D5W
,- causes
- risk factors
- clinical cues
- laboratory data Ans✓✓✓ assessment: recognize cues (dehydration)
- check site
- fluid is not going into the vein, it is going into tissue spaces
- extravasation can cause blisters, necrosis to the surrounding tissue
- infiltration: stop infusion; pull out and start somewhere else if possible
Ans✓✓✓ complications of iv therapy - infiltration // extravasation s/s +
treatment
- chloride
- bicarbonate
- phosphate
- sulfate
- proteinate ions Ans✓✓✓ major anions:
- contains potassium and calcium in addition to sodium chloride
- used to correct dehydration and sodium depletion
- also used to replace GI losses Ans✓✓✓ lactated ringer's (LR)
- contains water, salt, and chloride
,- remains in the ECF
- used to correct extracellular deficits, in the administration of blood,
and to replace large sodium loss (burn injuries)
- should not be used with CHF, pulmonary edema, renal impairment, or
sodium retention
- doesn't have any calories Ans✓✓✓ normal saline
- correct cause of hyperventilation (anxiety, fever, sepsis etc.)
- have person breathe into bag
- take deep breath and slowly exhale
- anxious -- give antianxiety medications Ans✓✓✓ management of
respiratory alkalosis:
- correct underlying disorder
- supply chloride to the kidneys to allow excretion of excess
bicarbonate
- restore fluid volume with sodium chloride solutions
- hypokalemia - administer kcl Ans✓✓✓ management for metabolic
alkalosis:
- crackles in lungs
- increase in blood pressure and central line pressure
- edema
, - restless
- weight gain
- distended neck veins
- treatment: decrease iv rate, take vital signs, monitor and assess, high
fowlers position to expand lung capacity Ans✓✓✓ complications of iv
therapy - fluid overload s/s
- D5W
- normal saline
- lactated ringer's Ans✓✓✓ types of IV solutions: isotonic fluids
- diabetes insipidus
- adrenal insufficiency
- osmotic diuresis
- hemorrhage
- coma
- third-space shifts (burns and ascites) Ans✓✓✓ risk factors -
dehydration
- dietary intake of fluid, food, or enteral feeding
- parenteral fluids Ans✓✓✓ routes of gains
answers
- always due to a resp problem w/ inadequate excretion of CO2
- chronic emphysema
- bronchitis
- COPD
- obstructive sleep apnea
- obesity
- overdose Ans✓✓✓ causes of respiratory acidosis:
- body attempts to correct blood pH changes
- respiratory compensation
- kidney compensation Ans✓✓✓ compensation
- can be both isotonic and hypotonic
- 1/3 is extracellular, 2/3 is intracellular
- given to supply water and correct increases in serum osmolarity
- use caution in patients with increased intracranial pressure due to
hyperglycemic effects
- 1 L provides 170 kcal (a minor source of the body's daily requirement)
Ans✓✓✓ D5W
,- causes
- risk factors
- clinical cues
- laboratory data Ans✓✓✓ assessment: recognize cues (dehydration)
- check site
- fluid is not going into the vein, it is going into tissue spaces
- extravasation can cause blisters, necrosis to the surrounding tissue
- infiltration: stop infusion; pull out and start somewhere else if possible
Ans✓✓✓ complications of iv therapy - infiltration // extravasation s/s +
treatment
- chloride
- bicarbonate
- phosphate
- sulfate
- proteinate ions Ans✓✓✓ major anions:
- contains potassium and calcium in addition to sodium chloride
- used to correct dehydration and sodium depletion
- also used to replace GI losses Ans✓✓✓ lactated ringer's (LR)
- contains water, salt, and chloride
,- remains in the ECF
- used to correct extracellular deficits, in the administration of blood,
and to replace large sodium loss (burn injuries)
- should not be used with CHF, pulmonary edema, renal impairment, or
sodium retention
- doesn't have any calories Ans✓✓✓ normal saline
- correct cause of hyperventilation (anxiety, fever, sepsis etc.)
- have person breathe into bag
- take deep breath and slowly exhale
- anxious -- give antianxiety medications Ans✓✓✓ management of
respiratory alkalosis:
- correct underlying disorder
- supply chloride to the kidneys to allow excretion of excess
bicarbonate
- restore fluid volume with sodium chloride solutions
- hypokalemia - administer kcl Ans✓✓✓ management for metabolic
alkalosis:
- crackles in lungs
- increase in blood pressure and central line pressure
- edema
, - restless
- weight gain
- distended neck veins
- treatment: decrease iv rate, take vital signs, monitor and assess, high
fowlers position to expand lung capacity Ans✓✓✓ complications of iv
therapy - fluid overload s/s
- D5W
- normal saline
- lactated ringer's Ans✓✓✓ types of IV solutions: isotonic fluids
- diabetes insipidus
- adrenal insufficiency
- osmotic diuresis
- hemorrhage
- coma
- third-space shifts (burns and ascites) Ans✓✓✓ risk factors -
dehydration
- dietary intake of fluid, food, or enteral feeding
- parenteral fluids Ans✓✓✓ routes of gains
