Microbiology 211 Exam 2 Bacterial Traits| QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100%
VERIFIED| LATEST UPDATE GRADED A+
What do CAPSULES protect the cell from? Protects the cell from the immune system
What do CAPSULES help the cell do? Attachment
Does SPORULATION occur mostly in Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria? Gram-
positive (Clostridium & Bacillus)
What stimulates (causes) SPORULATION? Mechanical stress, pH, heat, or another stressor
Are free SPORES soft or hard? Are they metabolically active or inactive? Hard and
metabolically inactive
What ability does ADHESION allow bacteria to do? Allows bacteria to stick to a surface
What are the names of the appendages that allow ADHESION? Curli and Fimbriae
What ability does MOTILITY allow bacteria to do? Gives them the ability to move
What does MOTILITY depend on? Surface conditions
What are the 5 ways that MOTILITY is accomplished? 1. Swimming
2. Swarming
3. Twitching
, 4. Gliding
5. Sliding (passive movement)
When does SWIMMING occur? It occurs in liquid.
What is SWIMMING dependent on? Flagella
What happens during SWARMING? Multiple cells move together on a solid surface
What happens during TWITCHING? 1. Appendages allow bacteria to reach and attach
2. Jerking movement
3. "Grappling hooks"
During GLIDING, what direction is the movement of the cell? Movement is in the direction
of the long-axis
What causes SLIDING? Cell division
What does SLIDING REQUIRE? Active replication
During SLIDING, what causes cells to push each other away? An increase in cell number
Can a single cell express multiple traits? Yes
What is CHEMOTAXIS? Movement in response to the presence of a chemical
VERIFIED| LATEST UPDATE GRADED A+
What do CAPSULES protect the cell from? Protects the cell from the immune system
What do CAPSULES help the cell do? Attachment
Does SPORULATION occur mostly in Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria? Gram-
positive (Clostridium & Bacillus)
What stimulates (causes) SPORULATION? Mechanical stress, pH, heat, or another stressor
Are free SPORES soft or hard? Are they metabolically active or inactive? Hard and
metabolically inactive
What ability does ADHESION allow bacteria to do? Allows bacteria to stick to a surface
What are the names of the appendages that allow ADHESION? Curli and Fimbriae
What ability does MOTILITY allow bacteria to do? Gives them the ability to move
What does MOTILITY depend on? Surface conditions
What are the 5 ways that MOTILITY is accomplished? 1. Swimming
2. Swarming
3. Twitching
, 4. Gliding
5. Sliding (passive movement)
When does SWIMMING occur? It occurs in liquid.
What is SWIMMING dependent on? Flagella
What happens during SWARMING? Multiple cells move together on a solid surface
What happens during TWITCHING? 1. Appendages allow bacteria to reach and attach
2. Jerking movement
3. "Grappling hooks"
During GLIDING, what direction is the movement of the cell? Movement is in the direction
of the long-axis
What causes SLIDING? Cell division
What does SLIDING REQUIRE? Active replication
During SLIDING, what causes cells to push each other away? An increase in cell number
Can a single cell express multiple traits? Yes
What is CHEMOTAXIS? Movement in response to the presence of a chemical
