1
BRS Pharmacology Questions with
100% Correct Answers | for Specific
Exam Mail
Scopolamine
Ans: Competitive cholinergic anatagonist with sedating
and amnestic effects. Used to prevent motion sickness
and delivered by a transdermal patch.
Folic Acid (Vitamin B9)
Ans: Will correct anemia, but not the neurologic deficits
caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. Must rule out B12
deficiency before treating megaloblastic anemia with
folate.
Carvedilol
:
vPretest - Stuvia US
,2
Ans: Used for the treatment of CHF, this agent contains
two isomers, one with nonselective Beta blocking activity
and one with Alpha1 blocking activity. Labetalol has
similari properties and has four diastereomers: the RR
enantiomer is a nonselective Beta blocker, and the Sr
enantiomer is an Alpha1 blocker.
Rosiglitazone, Pioglitazone
Ans: These agents increase cell sensitivity to insulin by
stimulating the peroxisomal proliferator gamma
(PPARgamma) nuclear receptor. PPARgamma regulates
and number of genes involved in carbohydrate
metabolism. Troglitazone was removed from the market
due to hepatotoxicity.
Capsaicin
Ans: Used topically for the treatment of RA because it
depletes substance P (a potent neurotransmitter for pain
sensation).
Succinylcholine
:
vPretest - Stuvia US
,3
Ans: depolarizing neuromuscular blocker used to
facilitate intubation and as a skeletal muscle relaxant for
general anesthesia. Cholinergic nicotinic agonist that
facilitates the opening of sodium channels. Side effect -
malignant hyperthermia when used with halothane.
Hypercalcemia, hyperkalemia.
Sucralfate
Ans: Used in the treatment of peptic ulcers, it polymerizes
and selectively coats necrotic ulcerated tissue. Requires
and acidic environment so it cannot be used with
antacids or H2 blockers.
Adenosine
Ans: Extremely short acting agent administered IV for the
control of AV nodal arrhythmias. Side effects of flushing
and hypotension.
Theophylline
:
vPretest - Stuvia US
, 4
Ans: A methylxanthine used in the treatment of asthma
for its bronchodilatory effects. Inhibits phosphodiesterase,
thereby inhibiting degradation of cAMP to AMP. (similar:
caffeine, theobromine found in cocoa).
Heparin
Ans: Rapid acting IV anticoagulant used for acute MI
and prevention of DVT following immobilization.Binds to
and activates antithrombin III resulting in the inactivation
of thrombin and factor Xa. Unlike warfarin it does not cross
the placenta. Protamine sulfate is used to reverse heparin
(+ charge binds - charge of heparin).
Amiodarone
Ans: Long acting class III antiarrhythmic associated with
pulmonary fibrosis, thyroid dysfunction, and corneal
microdeposits. Also blocks Na channels like class 1A drugs.
Celecoxib
:
vPretest - Stuvia US
BRS Pharmacology Questions with
100% Correct Answers | for Specific
Exam Mail
Scopolamine
Ans: Competitive cholinergic anatagonist with sedating
and amnestic effects. Used to prevent motion sickness
and delivered by a transdermal patch.
Folic Acid (Vitamin B9)
Ans: Will correct anemia, but not the neurologic deficits
caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. Must rule out B12
deficiency before treating megaloblastic anemia with
folate.
Carvedilol
:
vPretest - Stuvia US
,2
Ans: Used for the treatment of CHF, this agent contains
two isomers, one with nonselective Beta blocking activity
and one with Alpha1 blocking activity. Labetalol has
similari properties and has four diastereomers: the RR
enantiomer is a nonselective Beta blocker, and the Sr
enantiomer is an Alpha1 blocker.
Rosiglitazone, Pioglitazone
Ans: These agents increase cell sensitivity to insulin by
stimulating the peroxisomal proliferator gamma
(PPARgamma) nuclear receptor. PPARgamma regulates
and number of genes involved in carbohydrate
metabolism. Troglitazone was removed from the market
due to hepatotoxicity.
Capsaicin
Ans: Used topically for the treatment of RA because it
depletes substance P (a potent neurotransmitter for pain
sensation).
Succinylcholine
:
vPretest - Stuvia US
,3
Ans: depolarizing neuromuscular blocker used to
facilitate intubation and as a skeletal muscle relaxant for
general anesthesia. Cholinergic nicotinic agonist that
facilitates the opening of sodium channels. Side effect -
malignant hyperthermia when used with halothane.
Hypercalcemia, hyperkalemia.
Sucralfate
Ans: Used in the treatment of peptic ulcers, it polymerizes
and selectively coats necrotic ulcerated tissue. Requires
and acidic environment so it cannot be used with
antacids or H2 blockers.
Adenosine
Ans: Extremely short acting agent administered IV for the
control of AV nodal arrhythmias. Side effects of flushing
and hypotension.
Theophylline
:
vPretest - Stuvia US
, 4
Ans: A methylxanthine used in the treatment of asthma
for its bronchodilatory effects. Inhibits phosphodiesterase,
thereby inhibiting degradation of cAMP to AMP. (similar:
caffeine, theobromine found in cocoa).
Heparin
Ans: Rapid acting IV anticoagulant used for acute MI
and prevention of DVT following immobilization.Binds to
and activates antithrombin III resulting in the inactivation
of thrombin and factor Xa. Unlike warfarin it does not cross
the placenta. Protamine sulfate is used to reverse heparin
(+ charge binds - charge of heparin).
Amiodarone
Ans: Long acting class III antiarrhythmic associated with
pulmonary fibrosis, thyroid dysfunction, and corneal
microdeposits. Also blocks Na channels like class 1A drugs.
Celecoxib
:
vPretest - Stuvia US
