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BRS abdomen Questions with 100%
Correct Answers | for Specific Exam
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1. A 63-year-old man comes to the emergency
department with back pain, weakness, and shortness of
breath. On examination, he has an aneurysm of the
abdominal aorta at the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm.
Which of the following pairs of structures would most likely
be compressed?
(A) Vagus nerve and azygos vein
(B) Esophagus and vagus nerve
(C) Azygos vein and thoracic duct
(D) Thoracic duct and vagus nerve
(E) Inferior vena cava (IVC) and phrenic nerve
Ans: 1. The answer is C. The aortic hiatus of the
diaphragm transmits the azygos vein and thoracic duct.
The vagus nerve passes through the esophageal hiatus,
and the right phrenic nerve may run through the vena
caval hiatus.
:
vPretest - Stuvia US
,2
2. A 36-year-old woman with yellow pigmentation of the
skin and sclerae presents at the outpatient clinic. Which of
the following conditions most likely is the cause of her
obstructive jaundice?
(A) Aneurysm of the splenic artery
(B) Perforated ulcer of the stomach
(C) Obstruction of the main pancreatic duct
(D) Cancer in the head of the pancreas
(E) Cancer in the body of the pancreas
Ans: 2. The answer is D. Because the bile duct traverses
the head of the pancreas, cancer in the head of the
pancreas obstructs the bile duct, resulting in jaundice.
Aneurysm of the splenic artery, obstruction of the main
pancreatic duct, a stomach ulcer, and cancer in the
body of the pancreas are not closely associated with the
bile duct. The tail of the pancreas is located at the hilus of
the spleen, which lies far from the bile duct.
3. A 2-year-old boy presents with pain in his groin that has
been increasing in nature over the past few weeks. He is
:
vPretest - Stuvia US
,3
found to have a degenerative malformation of the
transversalis
fascia during development. Which of
the following structures on the anterior
abdominal wall is likely defective?
(A) Superficial inguinal ring
(B) Deep inguinal ring
(C) Inguinal ligament
(D) Sac of a direct inguinal hernia
(E) Anterior wall of the inguinal canal
Ans: 3. The answer is B. The deep inguinal ring lies in the
transversalis fascia, just lateral to the inferior epigastric
vessels. The superficial inguinal ring is in the aponeurosis of
the external oblique muscle. The inguinal ligament and
the anterior wall of the inguinal canal are formed by the
aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle. The sac of a
direct inguinal hernia is formed by the peritoneum.
4. A 29-year-old man comes to a local hospital with
duodenal peptic ulcer and complains of cramping
:
vPretest - Stuvia US
, 4
epigastric pain. Which of the following structures harbors
the cell bodies of abdominal pain fibers?
(A) Lateral horn of the spinal cord
(B) Anterior horn of the spinal cord
(C) Dorsal root ganglion
(D) Sympathetic chain ganglion
(E) Celiac ganglion
Ans: 4. The answer is C. Cell bodies of the abdominal pain
fibers are located in the dorsal root ganglion. The lateral
horn of the spinal cord contains cell bodies of
sympathetic preganglionic nerve fibers; the anterior horn
contains cell bodies of general somatic efferent (GSE)
fibers. The sympathetic chain ganglion contains cell
bodies of sympathetic postganglionic fibers, which supply
blood vessels, sweat glands, and hair follicles. The celiac
ganglion contains cell bodies of sympathetic
postganglionic fibers, which supply the visceral organs
such as stomach and intestine.
:
vPretest - Stuvia US
BRS abdomen Questions with 100%
Correct Answers | for Specific Exam
1. A 63-year-old man comes to the emergency
department with back pain, weakness, and shortness of
breath. On examination, he has an aneurysm of the
abdominal aorta at the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm.
Which of the following pairs of structures would most likely
be compressed?
(A) Vagus nerve and azygos vein
(B) Esophagus and vagus nerve
(C) Azygos vein and thoracic duct
(D) Thoracic duct and vagus nerve
(E) Inferior vena cava (IVC) and phrenic nerve
Ans: 1. The answer is C. The aortic hiatus of the
diaphragm transmits the azygos vein and thoracic duct.
The vagus nerve passes through the esophageal hiatus,
and the right phrenic nerve may run through the vena
caval hiatus.
:
vPretest - Stuvia US
,2
2. A 36-year-old woman with yellow pigmentation of the
skin and sclerae presents at the outpatient clinic. Which of
the following conditions most likely is the cause of her
obstructive jaundice?
(A) Aneurysm of the splenic artery
(B) Perforated ulcer of the stomach
(C) Obstruction of the main pancreatic duct
(D) Cancer in the head of the pancreas
(E) Cancer in the body of the pancreas
Ans: 2. The answer is D. Because the bile duct traverses
the head of the pancreas, cancer in the head of the
pancreas obstructs the bile duct, resulting in jaundice.
Aneurysm of the splenic artery, obstruction of the main
pancreatic duct, a stomach ulcer, and cancer in the
body of the pancreas are not closely associated with the
bile duct. The tail of the pancreas is located at the hilus of
the spleen, which lies far from the bile duct.
3. A 2-year-old boy presents with pain in his groin that has
been increasing in nature over the past few weeks. He is
:
vPretest - Stuvia US
,3
found to have a degenerative malformation of the
transversalis
fascia during development. Which of
the following structures on the anterior
abdominal wall is likely defective?
(A) Superficial inguinal ring
(B) Deep inguinal ring
(C) Inguinal ligament
(D) Sac of a direct inguinal hernia
(E) Anterior wall of the inguinal canal
Ans: 3. The answer is B. The deep inguinal ring lies in the
transversalis fascia, just lateral to the inferior epigastric
vessels. The superficial inguinal ring is in the aponeurosis of
the external oblique muscle. The inguinal ligament and
the anterior wall of the inguinal canal are formed by the
aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle. The sac of a
direct inguinal hernia is formed by the peritoneum.
4. A 29-year-old man comes to a local hospital with
duodenal peptic ulcer and complains of cramping
:
vPretest - Stuvia US
, 4
epigastric pain. Which of the following structures harbors
the cell bodies of abdominal pain fibers?
(A) Lateral horn of the spinal cord
(B) Anterior horn of the spinal cord
(C) Dorsal root ganglion
(D) Sympathetic chain ganglion
(E) Celiac ganglion
Ans: 4. The answer is C. Cell bodies of the abdominal pain
fibers are located in the dorsal root ganglion. The lateral
horn of the spinal cord contains cell bodies of
sympathetic preganglionic nerve fibers; the anterior horn
contains cell bodies of general somatic efferent (GSE)
fibers. The sympathetic chain ganglion contains cell
bodies of sympathetic postganglionic fibers, which supply
blood vessels, sweat glands, and hair follicles. The celiac
ganglion contains cell bodies of sympathetic
postganglionic fibers, which supply the visceral organs
such as stomach and intestine.
:
vPretest - Stuvia US
