GNRS 582B- Patho- 3- Elsevier- Chapters
14,16,17 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
The |person |at |highest |risk |for |traumatic |brain |injury |is:
A. |Male |and |disabled
B. |An |economically |advantaged |young |adult
C. |Black |and |economically |disadvantaged
D. |Female |and |20 |years |of |age |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-C. |Black |and |economically |disadvantaged.
Those |at |highest |risk |for |TBI |are |children |0-4 |years |of |age, |older |adolescents |aged |15-19 |years, |and |
adults |aged |65 |years |and |older. |Males |have |the |highest |incidence |in |every |age-group. |TBI |is |highest |
among |blacks |and |in |lower- |and |median-income |families.
The |most |common |cause |of |TBI |for |children |and |older |adults |is
A. |Falls
B. |Sports-related |events
C. |Motor |vehicle |accidents
D. |Violende |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-A. |Falls
The |most |common |cause |of |TBI's |for |children |and |older |aduts |are |falls. |This |is |followed |closely |by |
unintentional |blunt |trauma |and |motor |vehicle |accidents.
A |trauma |patient |diagnosed |with |brain |contusion |experiences |changes |in |attention, |memory, |affect, |
and |emotion. |In |which |region |of |the |brain |is |the |contusion |most |likely |located?
A. |Frontal
,B. |Cerebellum
C. |Cerebral
D. |Midbrain |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-A. |Frontal
Contusions |are |most |commonly |found |in |the |frontal |lobes, |particularly |at |the |poles |and |along |the |
inferior |orbital |surfaces. |They |result |in |changes |in |attention, |memory, |and |executive |attentional |
functioning.
A |patient |is |hit |in |the |temporal |portion |of |his |skull. |Although |initial |loss |of |consciousness |occurs, |the |
patient |soon |awakens |and |is |conversant. |Three |hours |later |vomiting, |drowsiness, |and |confusion |are |
noted. |These |symptoms |are |most |likely |related |to |which |type |of |brain |injury?
A. |Epidural
B. |Intracerebral
C. |Diffuse |axonal
D. |Subdural |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-A. |Epidural
The |classic |presentation |of |an |epidural |hematoma |is |a |person |hit |in |the |temporal |area |with |damage |
to |the |middle |meningeal |artery. |The |patient |will |lose |consciousness |at |the |time |of |injury, |but |there |
may |be |a |period |where |consciousness |is |regained. |The |patient |will |then |become |more |confused |and |
drowsy. |This |scenario |is |not |typical |with |the |other |types |of |brain |injuries.
A |patient |experiences |a |vertebral |fracture |in |which |the |C1 |vertebra |is |fractured |into |several |
fragments. |The |type |of |fracture |can |be |described |as:
A. |Compressed
B. |Simple
C. |Dislocation
D. |Communuted |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-D. |Comminuted
A |comminuted |fracture |is |also |called |a |burst |fracture, |in |which |the |vertebral |body |is |shattered |into |
several |fragments. |A |simple |fracture |is |a |single |break |usually |affecting |the |transverse |or |spinous |
, process. |A |compressed |fracture |is |also |called |a |wedge. |This |occurs |when |there |is |a |crush |type |of |
injury |and |the |vertebrae |lose |height. |A |dislocation |is |when |two |bones |at |a |joint |are |no |longer |in |
alignment.
It |is |TRUE |that |spinal |shock
A. |Results |in |no |disruption |of |thermal |control
B. |Is |characterized |by |an |incomplete |loss |of |reflex |function
C. |Caused |increased |muscle |tone |below |the |lesion.
D. |Involves |all |skeletal |muscles |below |the |level |of |injury |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-D. |involves |all |
skeletal |muscles |below |the |level |of |injury.
Spinal |shock |does |involve |function |of |skeletal |muscles |resulting |in |paralysis |and |flaccidity. |Such |an |
injury |is |characterized |by |a |complete |loss |of |reflex |function |below |the |level |of |the |lesion, |and |
impairment |of |control |of |thermal |regulation |is |observed.
A |patient |is |experiencing |pain |that |courses |over |the |buttocks |and |into |the |calf |and |ankle. |This |is |
suggestive |of |a |herniated |disk |at |which |vertebral |level?
A. |Coccyx
B. |Cervical
C. |Lumbar
D. |Thoracic |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-C. |Lumbar
A |herniated |disk |in |the |lumbosacral |area |is |associated |with |pain |that |radiates |along |the |sciatic |nerve |
and |courses |over |the |buttock |and |into |the |calf |and |ankle. |Both |a |cervical |and |thoracic |injury |would |
indicate |pain |that |originated |higher |on |the |body. |A |herniated |coccyx |vertebrate |would |result |in |pain |
beginning |a |point |lower |than |that |described.
Is |it |true |that |an |acute |cerebrovascular |accident |(CVA) |is:
A. |The |leading |cause |of |disability |in |the |U.S.
14,16,17 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
The |person |at |highest |risk |for |traumatic |brain |injury |is:
A. |Male |and |disabled
B. |An |economically |advantaged |young |adult
C. |Black |and |economically |disadvantaged
D. |Female |and |20 |years |of |age |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-C. |Black |and |economically |disadvantaged.
Those |at |highest |risk |for |TBI |are |children |0-4 |years |of |age, |older |adolescents |aged |15-19 |years, |and |
adults |aged |65 |years |and |older. |Males |have |the |highest |incidence |in |every |age-group. |TBI |is |highest |
among |blacks |and |in |lower- |and |median-income |families.
The |most |common |cause |of |TBI |for |children |and |older |adults |is
A. |Falls
B. |Sports-related |events
C. |Motor |vehicle |accidents
D. |Violende |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-A. |Falls
The |most |common |cause |of |TBI's |for |children |and |older |aduts |are |falls. |This |is |followed |closely |by |
unintentional |blunt |trauma |and |motor |vehicle |accidents.
A |trauma |patient |diagnosed |with |brain |contusion |experiences |changes |in |attention, |memory, |affect, |
and |emotion. |In |which |region |of |the |brain |is |the |contusion |most |likely |located?
A. |Frontal
,B. |Cerebellum
C. |Cerebral
D. |Midbrain |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-A. |Frontal
Contusions |are |most |commonly |found |in |the |frontal |lobes, |particularly |at |the |poles |and |along |the |
inferior |orbital |surfaces. |They |result |in |changes |in |attention, |memory, |and |executive |attentional |
functioning.
A |patient |is |hit |in |the |temporal |portion |of |his |skull. |Although |initial |loss |of |consciousness |occurs, |the |
patient |soon |awakens |and |is |conversant. |Three |hours |later |vomiting, |drowsiness, |and |confusion |are |
noted. |These |symptoms |are |most |likely |related |to |which |type |of |brain |injury?
A. |Epidural
B. |Intracerebral
C. |Diffuse |axonal
D. |Subdural |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-A. |Epidural
The |classic |presentation |of |an |epidural |hematoma |is |a |person |hit |in |the |temporal |area |with |damage |
to |the |middle |meningeal |artery. |The |patient |will |lose |consciousness |at |the |time |of |injury, |but |there |
may |be |a |period |where |consciousness |is |regained. |The |patient |will |then |become |more |confused |and |
drowsy. |This |scenario |is |not |typical |with |the |other |types |of |brain |injuries.
A |patient |experiences |a |vertebral |fracture |in |which |the |C1 |vertebra |is |fractured |into |several |
fragments. |The |type |of |fracture |can |be |described |as:
A. |Compressed
B. |Simple
C. |Dislocation
D. |Communuted |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-D. |Comminuted
A |comminuted |fracture |is |also |called |a |burst |fracture, |in |which |the |vertebral |body |is |shattered |into |
several |fragments. |A |simple |fracture |is |a |single |break |usually |affecting |the |transverse |or |spinous |
, process. |A |compressed |fracture |is |also |called |a |wedge. |This |occurs |when |there |is |a |crush |type |of |
injury |and |the |vertebrae |lose |height. |A |dislocation |is |when |two |bones |at |a |joint |are |no |longer |in |
alignment.
It |is |TRUE |that |spinal |shock
A. |Results |in |no |disruption |of |thermal |control
B. |Is |characterized |by |an |incomplete |loss |of |reflex |function
C. |Caused |increased |muscle |tone |below |the |lesion.
D. |Involves |all |skeletal |muscles |below |the |level |of |injury |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-D. |involves |all |
skeletal |muscles |below |the |level |of |injury.
Spinal |shock |does |involve |function |of |skeletal |muscles |resulting |in |paralysis |and |flaccidity. |Such |an |
injury |is |characterized |by |a |complete |loss |of |reflex |function |below |the |level |of |the |lesion, |and |
impairment |of |control |of |thermal |regulation |is |observed.
A |patient |is |experiencing |pain |that |courses |over |the |buttocks |and |into |the |calf |and |ankle. |This |is |
suggestive |of |a |herniated |disk |at |which |vertebral |level?
A. |Coccyx
B. |Cervical
C. |Lumbar
D. |Thoracic |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-C. |Lumbar
A |herniated |disk |in |the |lumbosacral |area |is |associated |with |pain |that |radiates |along |the |sciatic |nerve |
and |courses |over |the |buttock |and |into |the |calf |and |ankle. |Both |a |cervical |and |thoracic |injury |would |
indicate |pain |that |originated |higher |on |the |body. |A |herniated |coccyx |vertebrate |would |result |in |pain |
beginning |a |point |lower |than |that |described.
Is |it |true |that |an |acute |cerebrovascular |accident |(CVA) |is:
A. |The |leading |cause |of |disability |in |the |U.S.
