BIO 669 Quiz 1 Fall 2025 questions and
answers A+ rated
What are the two most important intracellular buffers? - correct answer
✔✔phosphate/proteins
Thirst prompts fluid intake through action of ________ located in the __________. - correct
answer ✔✔osmoreceptors/hypothalamus
Fluid distribution - correct answer ✔✔Movement of fluids within the body
Composition of fluids - correct answer ✔✔The electrolytes present in fluids
Electrolytes - correct answer ✔✔Key ions that affect cell function
Extracellular ion - correct answer ✔✔Ion present outside the cell
Retention of water - correct answer ✔✔The effect of Na+ on overall fluid volume
Intracellular ion - correct answer ✔✔Ion present inside the cell
Membrane potential - correct answer ✔✔The electrical potential difference across a cell
membrane
Repolarizing/hyperpolarizing - correct answer ✔✔Restoring or increasing the membrane
potential
, Hydrogen ion - correct answer ✔✔Critical for control of pH and protein structure
Buffers - correct answer ✔✔Substances that help maintain pH balance
Anionic proteins - correct answer ✔✔Proteins with a negative charge
Hemoglobin - correct answer ✔✔Protein responsible for carrying oxygen in red blood cells
Carbonic acid - correct answer ✔✔Formed from the conversion of H+ and bicarbonate
Respiratory system - correct answer ✔✔Involved in control of pH in the plasma
Immune system - correct answer ✔✔Comprised of innate and adaptive responses
Innate response - correct answer ✔✔Immediate response to damage, infection, or foreign
bodies
Granulocytes - correct answer ✔✔Type of white blood cells involved in innate response
Monocytes/macrophages - correct answer ✔✔Type of white blood cells involved in innate
response
NK cells - correct answer ✔✔Type of white blood cells involved in innate response
Plasma proteins - correct answer ✔✔Proteins involved in innate response
answers A+ rated
What are the two most important intracellular buffers? - correct answer
✔✔phosphate/proteins
Thirst prompts fluid intake through action of ________ located in the __________. - correct
answer ✔✔osmoreceptors/hypothalamus
Fluid distribution - correct answer ✔✔Movement of fluids within the body
Composition of fluids - correct answer ✔✔The electrolytes present in fluids
Electrolytes - correct answer ✔✔Key ions that affect cell function
Extracellular ion - correct answer ✔✔Ion present outside the cell
Retention of water - correct answer ✔✔The effect of Na+ on overall fluid volume
Intracellular ion - correct answer ✔✔Ion present inside the cell
Membrane potential - correct answer ✔✔The electrical potential difference across a cell
membrane
Repolarizing/hyperpolarizing - correct answer ✔✔Restoring or increasing the membrane
potential
, Hydrogen ion - correct answer ✔✔Critical for control of pH and protein structure
Buffers - correct answer ✔✔Substances that help maintain pH balance
Anionic proteins - correct answer ✔✔Proteins with a negative charge
Hemoglobin - correct answer ✔✔Protein responsible for carrying oxygen in red blood cells
Carbonic acid - correct answer ✔✔Formed from the conversion of H+ and bicarbonate
Respiratory system - correct answer ✔✔Involved in control of pH in the plasma
Immune system - correct answer ✔✔Comprised of innate and adaptive responses
Innate response - correct answer ✔✔Immediate response to damage, infection, or foreign
bodies
Granulocytes - correct answer ✔✔Type of white blood cells involved in innate response
Monocytes/macrophages - correct answer ✔✔Type of white blood cells involved in innate
response
NK cells - correct answer ✔✔Type of white blood cells involved in innate response
Plasma proteins - correct answer ✔✔Proteins involved in innate response
