BIOC 201 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Biomolecule ✔✔any molecule present in living organisms
macromolecule ✔✔very large molecule, such as protein, commonly created by
polymerization of monomers
what elements are biomolecules primarily created with ✔✔Sulfur, Phosphorus, Oxygen,
Nitrogen, Carbon, Hydrogen
SPONCH
what are the building blocks of proteins ✔✔amino acids
what are the roles of proteins ✔✔signals molecules, acts as receptors, structural
components, enzymes, etc
what are the building blocks of nucleic acids ✔✔nucleotides
what is the role of nucleic acids ✔✔maintenance and expression of genetic material
what is the central dogma of biology ✔✔genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to
protein
what are lipids ✔✔storage form of fuel, and serves as a barrier due to its hydrophobic
and hydrophilic properties
what are the roles of lipids ✔✔fuel and signal molecules, creates barriers for
specialization
what are carbohydrates ✔✔quick fuel and informational molecules
what is the major building block of carbohydrates ✔✔glucose
what are the major storage molecules of carbohydrates ✔✔glycogen for animals
starch for plants
what are the properties of water attributed primarily to ✔✔H-bonding
what type of energy is involved with bond breaking ✔✔exothermic; energy is released
, what type of energy is involved in bond forming ✔✔endothermic; energy is absorbed
what is a primary characteristic of covalent bonds, and what types of molecules engage
in covalent bonding ✔✔covalent bonds are strong and difficult to break; sharing of
electrons
non-polar (equal sharing, no charge) and polar (unequal sharing, charges) molecules
engage in this
what is a primary characteristic of non-covalent bonds ✔✔flexible and dynamic
interactions
what is an ionic/electrostatic bond ✔✔non-covalent
a high electronegativity difference causes one atom to strip the other's electrons
what is a hydrogen bond ✔✔non-covalent
H that is covalently bonded to one EN atom is attracted to another EN atom; relatively
weak but abundant
what is van der waals interactions ✔✔non-covalent
weak interaction of electrons based on electronic charge fluctuation
what are hydrophobic interactions ✔✔hydrophobic molecules come together in an
aqueous environment
equilibrium constant ✔✔represents the ratios between forms of chemical species at
equilibrium
acid dissociation constant ✔✔constant of protons dissociating from molecules; ratio of
acid to base
dependent on the molecule's pKa. at a low pH, is the molecule typically protonated or
deprotonated ✔✔protonated
dependent on the molecule's pKa. at a high pH, is the molecule typically protonated or
deprotonated ✔✔deprotonated
at neutral pH, what state is the carboxyl group of an amino acid in ✔✔deprotonated due
to pKa of 2
ANSWERS
Biomolecule ✔✔any molecule present in living organisms
macromolecule ✔✔very large molecule, such as protein, commonly created by
polymerization of monomers
what elements are biomolecules primarily created with ✔✔Sulfur, Phosphorus, Oxygen,
Nitrogen, Carbon, Hydrogen
SPONCH
what are the building blocks of proteins ✔✔amino acids
what are the roles of proteins ✔✔signals molecules, acts as receptors, structural
components, enzymes, etc
what are the building blocks of nucleic acids ✔✔nucleotides
what is the role of nucleic acids ✔✔maintenance and expression of genetic material
what is the central dogma of biology ✔✔genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to
protein
what are lipids ✔✔storage form of fuel, and serves as a barrier due to its hydrophobic
and hydrophilic properties
what are the roles of lipids ✔✔fuel and signal molecules, creates barriers for
specialization
what are carbohydrates ✔✔quick fuel and informational molecules
what is the major building block of carbohydrates ✔✔glucose
what are the major storage molecules of carbohydrates ✔✔glycogen for animals
starch for plants
what are the properties of water attributed primarily to ✔✔H-bonding
what type of energy is involved with bond breaking ✔✔exothermic; energy is released
, what type of energy is involved in bond forming ✔✔endothermic; energy is absorbed
what is a primary characteristic of covalent bonds, and what types of molecules engage
in covalent bonding ✔✔covalent bonds are strong and difficult to break; sharing of
electrons
non-polar (equal sharing, no charge) and polar (unequal sharing, charges) molecules
engage in this
what is a primary characteristic of non-covalent bonds ✔✔flexible and dynamic
interactions
what is an ionic/electrostatic bond ✔✔non-covalent
a high electronegativity difference causes one atom to strip the other's electrons
what is a hydrogen bond ✔✔non-covalent
H that is covalently bonded to one EN atom is attracted to another EN atom; relatively
weak but abundant
what is van der waals interactions ✔✔non-covalent
weak interaction of electrons based on electronic charge fluctuation
what are hydrophobic interactions ✔✔hydrophobic molecules come together in an
aqueous environment
equilibrium constant ✔✔represents the ratios between forms of chemical species at
equilibrium
acid dissociation constant ✔✔constant of protons dissociating from molecules; ratio of
acid to base
dependent on the molecule's pKa. at a low pH, is the molecule typically protonated or
deprotonated ✔✔protonated
dependent on the molecule's pKa. at a high pH, is the molecule typically protonated or
deprotonated ✔✔deprotonated
at neutral pH, what state is the carboxyl group of an amino acid in ✔✔deprotonated due
to pKa of 2
