GNRS 582A - Pathophysiology Quiz 1
questions with answers
Atrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Decrease in cell size (organ or tissue)
Physiologic atrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Occurs with early
development; ex. thymus involution
Pathologic atrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Results from changes in
workload (disuse), pressure, blood supply, nutrition, hormonal and nervous
stimulation
Hypertrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Increase in cell size (tissue/organ) --
> increases size of affected organ
Compensatory hypertrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Reversible change. Ex.
Kidneys - when one is removed, the other will adapt and will have an increase
in size of organ and cells
Physiologic hypertrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Reversible change.
Response to increased mechanical load/stress
Ex. cardiac and skeletal muscles of an athlete
,Pathologic hypertrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Irreversible change.
Associated with increased interstitial fibrosis and abnormal cardiac functions
Ex. heart - may involve structural & functional manifestations secondary to:
HTN, CAD, Valvular disease (stressors)
Which of the following only occurs in non-dividing cells (e.g. myocardial
fibers)?
a. Hyperplasia
b. Hypertrophy
c. Atrophy
d. Pathologic Atrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔b. Hypertrophy
Hyperplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Increase in cell number due to
increase rate of cellular division
Which of the following can occur together in cells that can synthesize DNA?
A. Hyperplasia and Atrophy
B. Atrophy and Disuse
C. Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia
D. Pathologic Hypertrophy and Disuse - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔C.
Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia
, Metaplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Reversible replacement of one mature
cell by another mature cell
Ex. Tissue damage and inflammation
Metaplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Not always a beneficial change due to
possible harmful effects of the new mature cells
Ex. Cigarette smoker and GERD
Dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Abnormal changes in shape, size,
organization, and nuclear features of mature cells. Always pathologic and not
an indication of cancer but can lead to one
Another term for dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Atypical hyperplasia
Which type of cell or organ change is always pathologic?
A. Atrophy
B. Hypertrophy
C. Hyperplasia
D. Metaplasia
E. None of the above - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔D. None of the above
questions with answers
Atrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Decrease in cell size (organ or tissue)
Physiologic atrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Occurs with early
development; ex. thymus involution
Pathologic atrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Results from changes in
workload (disuse), pressure, blood supply, nutrition, hormonal and nervous
stimulation
Hypertrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Increase in cell size (tissue/organ) --
> increases size of affected organ
Compensatory hypertrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Reversible change. Ex.
Kidneys - when one is removed, the other will adapt and will have an increase
in size of organ and cells
Physiologic hypertrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Reversible change.
Response to increased mechanical load/stress
Ex. cardiac and skeletal muscles of an athlete
,Pathologic hypertrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Irreversible change.
Associated with increased interstitial fibrosis and abnormal cardiac functions
Ex. heart - may involve structural & functional manifestations secondary to:
HTN, CAD, Valvular disease (stressors)
Which of the following only occurs in non-dividing cells (e.g. myocardial
fibers)?
a. Hyperplasia
b. Hypertrophy
c. Atrophy
d. Pathologic Atrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔b. Hypertrophy
Hyperplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Increase in cell number due to
increase rate of cellular division
Which of the following can occur together in cells that can synthesize DNA?
A. Hyperplasia and Atrophy
B. Atrophy and Disuse
C. Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia
D. Pathologic Hypertrophy and Disuse - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔C.
Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia
, Metaplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Reversible replacement of one mature
cell by another mature cell
Ex. Tissue damage and inflammation
Metaplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Not always a beneficial change due to
possible harmful effects of the new mature cells
Ex. Cigarette smoker and GERD
Dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Abnormal changes in shape, size,
organization, and nuclear features of mature cells. Always pathologic and not
an indication of cancer but can lead to one
Another term for dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Atypical hyperplasia
Which type of cell or organ change is always pathologic?
A. Atrophy
B. Hypertrophy
C. Hyperplasia
D. Metaplasia
E. None of the above - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔D. None of the above
