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GNRS 582A Final exam with correct answers

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GNRS 582A Final exam with correct answers

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GNRS 582A Final exam with correct answers

3 Na+ out, 2 K+ in - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔normal function of Na/K
pump



1. decrease ATP production

2. Failure of Na/K pump

3. ROS

4. Ca2+ entry

5. Lysis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔common biochemical themes in cellular
injury



failure of Na/K pump - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔what causes ca2+ influx



reperfusion injury - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔causes excess ROS and Ca2+
overload

leading to cell death acitvation



transduction, transmission, perception, modulation - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔process of nociception



peripheral neuropathic pain - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔nerve becomes
excitable causing numbing, tingling, burning and aching pain

, chronic pain - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔last 3-6 months

no protective purpose

leads to physiological adaptation --> depression, eating/sleeping difficulty



inflammatory response - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔second line of defense:
innate, natural, nonspecific



fever - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔kills microorganisms

affects their growth and replication

decreases iron, copper, and zinc

enhances phagocytosis



complement system - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔collaboration and direct
destruction

end result: damage to bacterium



clotting system - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔coagulation, capture, repair

end result: blood clot, leukocyte, neutrophil migration, increased permeability
in blood vessel



kinin system - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔pain and permeability

end result: stimulates nerve endings, pain



adaptive immunity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔third line of defense

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